Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-73

Allowed

External Control of File Name or Path

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product allows user input to control or influence paths or file names that are used in filesystem operations.

1295 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-55477 (GCVE-0-2026-55477)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-25 15:00 – Updated: 2026-06-25 15:48
VLAI
Title
Authenticated Arbitrary File Write via Database Import and Xray Log Path Manipulation
Summary
3X-UI is a web control panel for managing Xray-core servers. Prior to 3.3.1, an authenticated administrator can abuse the database import functionality to achieve arbitrary file write on the host by modifying Xray configuration values stored in the database. This can be leveraged to obtain code execution and persistent access as the user running Xray (including root when Xray is running as root). This vulnerability is fixed in 3.3.1.
Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-25 15:47 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7745 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MHSanaei 3x-ui Affected: < 3.3.1
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Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-55062 (GCVE-0-2026-55062)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 18:22 – Updated: 2026-09-23 19:13
VLAI
Title
uniget: Path Traversal in Hook Files - Directory Escape Vulnerability
Summary
uniget is a universal installer and updater for (container) tools. Prior to 0.27.6, the hooks edit command in cmd/uniget/hooks.go concatenates an unvalidated hook filename with the selected hooks directory, allowing parent-directory components to escape that directory. The resulting path is passed to the configured editor, which can access or modify files outside the hooks directory with the privileges of the uniget process account. This issue is fixed in version 0.27.6.
Severity
8.4 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-23 19:12 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  • CWE-23 - Relative Path Traversal
  • CWE-36 - Absolute Path Traversal
  • CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7745 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
uniget-org cli Affected: < 0.27.6
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-55002 (GCVE-0-2026-55002)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 17:05 – Updated: 2026-10-08 18:13
VLAI
Title
Microsoft SQL Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
External control of file name or path in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-10 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
microsoft CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 3957 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-14 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54703 (GCVE-0-2026-54703)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 19:09 – Updated: 2026-10-15 14:21
VLAI
Title
Markdown Preview Enhanced: Arbitrary File Write via updateMarkdown Command Without Path Validation
Summary
Markdown Preview Enhanced is a Markdown preview extension for Visual Studio Code. Prior to 0.8.30, the _crossnote.updateMarkdown command in Markdown Preview Enhanced accepts an arbitrary URI and attacker-controlled content, then passes them to vscode.workspace.fs.writeFile without validating that the target is the Markdown file represented by the current preview. JavaScript already executing in the preview webview can invoke this command through the extension message bridge and write any file permitted by the VS Code user's operating-system privileges, including user configuration, startup, source, and build files. This file-write vulnerability requires a separate webview JavaScript execution path, such as the independently tracked head.html injection and blind command-dispatch weaknesses. This issue is fixed in version 0.8.30.
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 14:18 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7745 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54675 (GCVE-0-2026-54675)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-28 17:40 – Updated: 2026-09-28 18:14
VLAI
Title
FreePBX: Authenticated Remote Code Execution via File Upload and Convert in Soundlang Module
Summary
FreePBX is an open source IP PBX. Prior to versions 16.0.10 and 17.0.5, a critical vulnerability exists in the sound language upload and conversion functionality that allows an authenticated attacker to perform arbitrary file writes, leading directly to remote code execution (RCE). Authentication with a known username is required. The vulnerability stems from insufficient path sanitization in the file conversion process, enabling path traversal attacks that place malicious PHP files in the web server's root directory. This issue has been patched in versions 16.0.10 and 17.0.5.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-28 18:13 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  • CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
  • CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7745 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FreePBX security-reporting Affected: < 16.0.10
Affected: < 17.0.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54629 (GCVE-0-2026-54629)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-14 19:55 – Updated: 2026-09-15 13:55
VLAI
Title
Anyquery: Local File Read (LFR) via Unrestricted SQLite Virtual Table Modules in Server Mode
Summary
Anyquery is an SQL query engine built on top of SQLite. Prior to 0.4.5, anyquery server exposes file-backed SQLite virtual table modules such as csv_reader and log_reader through its MySQL-compatible server port without authentication, authorization, or directory restrictions. A remote attacker can use SQLite CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE statements to provide a local path to these modules, which use hashicorp/go-getter under the Anyquery server process and return the selected file contents as queryable table rows. The disclosure is limited only by the filesystem permissions of the server process and can expose system configuration, credentials, and private keys. This issue is fixed in version 0.4.5.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-15 13:26 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  • CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
  • CWE-552 - Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties
  • CWE-862 - Missing Authorization
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7745 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
julien040 anyquery Affected: < 0.4.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54584 (GCVE-0-2026-54584)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-21 14:05 – Updated: 2026-09-25 19:23
VLAI
Title
mport trusts environment-controlled temporary directories in privileged metadata extraction
Summary
mport is the MidnightBSD Package Manager. mport before 2.7.8 used TMPDIR while extracting package metafiles, including when running as root or in setuid/setgid contexts. An attacker able to control the environment for a privileged mport invocation could redirect temporary metadata extraction to an attacker-controlled location. PR 123 ignores unsafe TMPDIR values in privileged contexts and rejects empty TMPDIR. This issue has been patched in version 2.7.8.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-25 19:23 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
  • CWE-377 - Insecure Temporary File
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7745 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MidnightBSD mport Affected: < 2.7.8
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54583 (GCVE-0-2026-54583)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 16:46 – Updated: 2026-09-17 17:00
VLAI
Title
mport package bundle downloads allow unsafe destination filenames
Summary
mport is the MidnightBSD Package Manager. Prior to 2.7.8, libmport/fetch.c did not consistently reject empty, dot, dot-dot, or slash-containing bundle filenames before composing package download and write paths. Malicious package index data could place an unsafe value in indexEntry->bundlefile, and the missing is_valid_bundle_filename() checks allowed downloaded package data to be written outside the intended cache location or to an unsafe destination name. This issue is fixed in version 2.7.8.
Severity
8.3 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 16:59 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  • CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7745 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MidnightBSD mport Affected: < 2.7.8
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54582 (GCVE-0-2026-54582)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 16:50 – Updated: 2026-09-17 19:15
VLAI
Title
mport package installation can overwrite existing unmanaged or differently owned files
Summary
mport is the MidnightBSD Package Manager. Prior to 2.7.8, package installation lacked a preflight check for incoming non-directory assets that already existed on disk. The affected logic across libmport/check_preconditions.c, libmport/install_primative.c, and libmport/mport_private.h did not apply MPORT_PRECHECK_FILE_CONFLICTS, so a crafted or conflicting package could overwrite a file owned by another package or unmanaged by mport. The check is bypassed only when the operator explicitly enables mport->force. Privileged installation without that override could compromise local filesystem integrity and package database consistency. This issue is fixed in version 2.7.8.
Severity
6 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 19:15 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
  • CWE-668 - Exposure of Resource to Wrong Sphere
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7745 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MidnightBSD mport Affected: < 2.7.8
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54200 (GCVE-0-2026-54200)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-07 09:41 – Updated: 2026-09-07 12:44
VLAI
Title
TeamDavid: Local File Inclusion via the form field 'scjob'
Summary
Tobit Laboratories AG TeamDavid's Webbox is vulnerable to a local file inclusion vulnerability in the send email, fax, SMS, etc. functionality. By specifying an '@@attach' command in the form field 'scjob', files can be attached to a message, which can then be downloaded by an authenticated user. A filter is in place that restricts access to the David con-fig folder and the user folder. However, this filter can be bypassed by specifying an alternate data stream, allowing the download of sensitive files such as other users' access files containing their passwords or the server's private key. This issue affects TeamDavid before Rollout 528. Starting with Rollout 528 (June 30, 2026), the affected functionality is disabled by default and the vulnerabilities are therefore no longer exposed through this functionality.
Severity
8.4 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:N/SA:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-10 11:27 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
NCSC.ch CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 80/100 over 74 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Tobit Laboratories AG TeamDavid Affected: 0 , < Rollout 528 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Dario Weiss of InfoGuard Labs
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

When the set of filenames is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames, and reject all other inputs. For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap provide this capability.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Operation
  • Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict all access to files within a particular directory.
  • Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation MIT-5.1
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
  • Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
Mitigation
Implementation

Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59).

Mitigation
Installation Operation

Use OS-level permissions and run as a low-privileged user to limit the scope of any successful attack.

Mitigation
Operation Implementation

If you are using PHP, configure your application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop your application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.

Mitigation
Testing

Use tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session. These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules.

CAPEC-13: Subverting Environment Variable Values

The adversary directly or indirectly modifies environment variables used by or controlling the target software. The adversary's goal is to cause the target software to deviate from its expected operation in a manner that benefits the adversary.

CAPEC-267: Leverage Alternate Encoding

An adversary leverages the possibility to encode potentially harmful input or content used by applications such that the applications are ineffective at validating this encoding standard.

CAPEC-64: Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic

This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple ways of encoding a URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. A URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.

CAPEC-72: URL Encoding

This attack targets the encoding of the URL. An adversary can take advantage of the multiple way of encoding an URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

CAPEC-78: Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the use of the backslash in alternate encoding. An adversary can provide a backslash as a leading character and causes a parser to believe that the next character is special. This is called an escape. By using that trick, the adversary tries to exploit alternate ways to encode the same character which leads to filter problems and opens avenues to attack.

CAPEC-79: Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the encoding of the Slash characters. An adversary would try to exploit common filtering problems related to the use of the slashes characters to gain access to resources on the target host. Directory-driven systems, such as file systems and databases, typically use the slash character to indicate traversal between directories or other container components. For murky historical reasons, PCs (and, as a result, Microsoft OSs) choose to use a backslash, whereas the UNIX world typically makes use of the forward slash. The schizophrenic result is that many MS-based systems are required to understand both forms of the slash. This gives the adversary many opportunities to discover and abuse a number of common filtering problems. The goal of this pattern is to discover server software that only applies filters to one version, but not the other.

CAPEC-80: Using UTF-8 Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic

This attack is a specific variation on leveraging alternate encodings to bypass validation logic. This attack leverages the possibility to encode potentially harmful input in UTF-8 and submit it to applications not expecting or effective at validating this encoding standard making input filtering difficult. UTF-8 (8-bit UCS/Unicode Transformation Format) is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode. Legal UTF-8 characters are one to four bytes long. However, early version of the UTF-8 specification got some entries wrong (in some cases it permitted overlong characters). UTF-8 encoders are supposed to use the "shortest possible" encoding, but naive decoders may accept encodings that are longer than necessary. According to the RFC 3629, a particularly subtle form of this attack can be carried out against a parser which performs security-critical validity checks against the UTF-8 encoded form of its input, but interprets certain illegal octet sequences as characters.

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