Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-617

Allowed

Reachable Assertion

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product contains an assert() or similar statement that can be triggered by an attacker, which leads to an application exit or other behavior that is more severe than necessary.

1052 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-R26C-679W-MRJM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-16 21:28 – Updated: 2022-09-19 19:03
VLAI
Summary
TensorFlow vulnerable to `CHECK` fail in `FakeQuantWithMinMaxVarsGradient`
Details

Impact

When tf.quantization.fake_quant_with_min_max_vars_gradient receives input min or max that is nonscalar, it gives a CHECK fail that can trigger a denial of service attack.

import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np 
arg_0=tf.constant(value=np.random.random(size=(2, 2)), shape=(2, 2), dtype=tf.float32)
arg_1=tf.constant(value=np.random.random(size=(2, 2)), shape=(2, 2), dtype=tf.float32)
arg_2=tf.constant(value=np.random.random(size=(2, 2)), shape=(2, 2), dtype=tf.float32)
arg_3=tf.constant(value=np.random.random(size=(2, 2)), shape=(2, 2), dtype=tf.float32)
arg_4=8
arg_5=False
arg_6=''
tf.quantization.fake_quant_with_min_max_vars_gradient(gradients=arg_0, inputs=arg_1,
min=arg_2, max=arg_3, num_bits=arg_4, narrow_range=arg_5, name=arg_6)

Patches

We have patched the issue in GitHub commit f3cf67ac5705f4f04721d15e485e192bb319feed.

The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.10.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.9.1, TensorFlow 2.8.1, and TensorFlow 2.7.2, as these are also affected and still in supported range.

For more information

Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.

Attribution

This vulnerability has been reported by - 刘力源, Information System & Security and Countermeasures Experiments Center, Beijing Institute of Technology - Neophytos Christou, Secure Systems Labs, Brown University

Severity
5.9 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "tensorflow"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.7.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "tensorflow"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.8.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.8.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "tensorflow"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.9.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.9.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "tensorflow-cpu"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.7.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "tensorflow-cpu"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.8.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.8.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "tensorflow-cpu"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.9.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.9.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "tensorflow-gpu"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.7.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "tensorflow-gpu"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.8.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.8.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "tensorflow-gpu"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.9.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.9.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-36005"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-617"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-09-16T21:28:06Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-09-16T23:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nWhen `tf.quantization.fake_quant_with_min_max_vars_gradient` receives input `min` or `max` that is nonscalar, it gives a `CHECK` fail that can trigger a denial of service attack.\n```python\nimport tensorflow as tf\nimport numpy as np \narg_0=tf.constant(value=np.random.random(size=(2, 2)), shape=(2, 2), dtype=tf.float32)\narg_1=tf.constant(value=np.random.random(size=(2, 2)), shape=(2, 2), dtype=tf.float32)\narg_2=tf.constant(value=np.random.random(size=(2, 2)), shape=(2, 2), dtype=tf.float32)\narg_3=tf.constant(value=np.random.random(size=(2, 2)), shape=(2, 2), dtype=tf.float32)\narg_4=8\narg_5=False\narg_6=\u0027\u0027\ntf.quantization.fake_quant_with_min_max_vars_gradient(gradients=arg_0, inputs=arg_1,\nmin=arg_2, max=arg_3, num_bits=arg_4, narrow_range=arg_5, name=arg_6)\n```\n\n### Patches\nWe have patched the issue in GitHub commit [f3cf67ac5705f4f04721d15e485e192bb319feed](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/f3cf67ac5705f4f04721d15e485e192bb319feed).\n\nThe fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.10.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.9.1, TensorFlow 2.8.1, and TensorFlow 2.7.2, as these are also affected and still in supported range.\n\n\n### For more information\nPlease consult [our security guide](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/SECURITY.md) for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.\n\n\n### Attribution\nThis vulnerability has been reported by\n - \u5218\u529b\u6e90, Information System \u0026 Security and Countermeasures Experiments Center, Beijing Institute of Technology\n - Neophytos Christou, Secure Systems Labs, Brown University\n",
  "id": "GHSA-r26c-679w-mrjm",
  "modified": "2022-09-19T19:03:43Z",
  "published": "2022-09-16T21:28:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/security/advisories/GHSA-r26c-679w-mrjm"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36005"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/f3cf67ac5705f4f04721d15e485e192bb319feed"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/releases/tag/v2.10.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "TensorFlow vulnerable to `CHECK` fail in `FakeQuantWithMinMaxVarsGradient`"
}

GHSA-R29J-X5GX-P5GG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-04 18:31 – Updated: 2026-02-10 15:30
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ubifs: ubifs_releasepage: Remove ubifs_assert(0) to valid this process

There are two states for ubifs writing pages: 1. Dirty, Private 2. Not Dirty, Not Private

The normal process cannot go to ubifs_releasepage() which means there exists pages being private but not dirty. Reproducer[1] shows that it could occur (which maybe related to [2]) with following process:

 PA                     PB                    PC

lock(page)[PA] ubifs_write_end attach_page_private // set Private __set_page_dirty_nobuffers // set Dirty unlock(page)

write_cache_pages[PA] lock(page) clear_page_dirty_for_io(page) // clear Dirty ubifs_writepage

                    do_truncation[PB]
          truncate_setsize
            i_size_write(inode, newsize) // newsize = 0

i_size = i_size_read(inode) // i_size = 0
end_index = i_size >> PAGE_SHIFT
if (page->index > end_index)
  goto out // jump

out: unlock(page) // Private, Not Dirty

                    generic_fadvise[PC]
                      lock(page)
                      invalidate_inode_page
                        try_to_release_page
                          ubifs_releasepage
                            ubifs_assert(c, 0)
                                            // bad assertion!
                      unlock(page)
          truncate_pagecache[PB]

Then we may get following assertion failed: UBIFS error (ubi0:0 pid 1683): ubifs_assert_failed [ubifs]: UBIFS assert failed: 0, in fs/ubifs/file.c:1513 UBIFS warning (ubi0:0 pid 1683): ubifs_ro_mode [ubifs]: switched to read-only mode, error -22 CPU: 2 PID: 1683 Comm: aa Not tainted 5.16.0-rc5-00184-g0bca5994cacc-dirty #308 Call Trace: dump_stack+0x13/0x1b ubifs_ro_mode+0x54/0x60 [ubifs] ubifs_assert_failed+0x4b/0x80 [ubifs] ubifs_releasepage+0x67/0x1d0 [ubifs] try_to_release_page+0x57/0xe0 invalidate_inode_page+0xfb/0x130 __invalidate_mapping_pages+0xb9/0x280 invalidate_mapping_pagevec+0x12/0x20 generic_fadvise+0x303/0x3c0 ksys_fadvise64_64+0x4c/0xb0

[1] https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=215373 [2] https://linux-mtd.infradead.narkive.com/NQoBeT1u/patch-rfc-ubifs-fix-assert-failed-in-ubifs-set-page-dirty

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-53584"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-617"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-04T16:15:54Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nubifs: ubifs_releasepage: Remove ubifs_assert(0) to valid this process\n\nThere are two states for ubifs writing pages:\n1. Dirty, Private\n2. Not Dirty, Not Private\n\nThe normal process cannot go to ubifs_releasepage() which means there\nexists pages being private but not dirty. Reproducer[1] shows that it\ncould occur (which maybe related to [2]) with following process:\n\n     PA                     PB                    PC\nlock(page)[PA]\nubifs_write_end\n  attach_page_private         // set Private\n  __set_page_dirty_nobuffers  // set Dirty\nunlock(page)\n\nwrite_cache_pages[PA]\n  lock(page)\n  clear_page_dirty_for_io(page)\t// clear Dirty\n  ubifs_writepage\n\n                        do_truncation[PB]\n\t\t\t  truncate_setsize\n\t\t\t    i_size_write(inode, newsize) // newsize = 0\n\n    i_size = i_size_read(inode)\t// i_size = 0\n    end_index = i_size \u003e\u003e PAGE_SHIFT\n    if (page-\u003eindex \u003e end_index)\n      goto out // jump\nout:\nunlock(page)   // Private, Not Dirty\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\tgeneric_fadvise[PC]\n\t\t\t\t\t\t  lock(page)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t  invalidate_inode_page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t    try_to_release_page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      ubifs_releasepage\n\t\t\t\t\t\t        ubifs_assert(c, 0)\n\t\t                                        // bad assertion!\n\t\t\t\t\t\t  unlock(page)\n\t\t\t  truncate_pagecache[PB]\n\nThen we may get following assertion failed:\n  UBIFS error (ubi0:0 pid 1683): ubifs_assert_failed [ubifs]:\n  UBIFS assert failed: 0, in fs/ubifs/file.c:1513\n  UBIFS warning (ubi0:0 pid 1683): ubifs_ro_mode [ubifs]:\n  switched to read-only mode, error -22\n  CPU: 2 PID: 1683 Comm: aa Not tainted 5.16.0-rc5-00184-g0bca5994cacc-dirty #308\n  Call Trace:\n    dump_stack+0x13/0x1b\n    ubifs_ro_mode+0x54/0x60 [ubifs]\n    ubifs_assert_failed+0x4b/0x80 [ubifs]\n    ubifs_releasepage+0x67/0x1d0 [ubifs]\n    try_to_release_page+0x57/0xe0\n    invalidate_inode_page+0xfb/0x130\n    __invalidate_mapping_pages+0xb9/0x280\n    invalidate_mapping_pagevec+0x12/0x20\n    generic_fadvise+0x303/0x3c0\n    ksys_fadvise64_64+0x4c/0xb0\n\n[1] https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=215373\n[2] https://linux-mtd.infradead.narkive.com/NQoBeT1u/patch-rfc-ubifs-fix-assert-failed-in-ubifs-set-page-dirty",
  "id": "GHSA-r29j-x5gx-p5gg",
  "modified": "2026-02-10T15:30:21Z",
  "published": "2025-10-04T18:31:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-53584"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/66f4742e93523ab2f062d9d9828b3e590bc61536"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7750be5d3e18500b454714677463b500a0b8b0d8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bd188ff1c8a1935c93a1e3cacf3be62667fdf762"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R2JP-4C5P-2VC2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-23 15:31 – Updated: 2026-06-01 18:31
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

scsi: qla2xxx: Fix warning message due to adisc being flushed

Fix warning message due to adisc being flushed. Linux kernel triggered a warning message where a different error code type is not matching up with the expected type. Add additional translation of one error code type to another.

WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 1131623 at drivers/scsi/qla2xxx/qla_init.c:498 qla2x00_async_adisc_sp_done+0x294/0x2b0 [qla2xxx] CPU: 2 PID: 1131623 Comm: drmgr Not tainted 5.13.0-rc1-autotest #1 .. GPR28: c000000aaa9c8890 c0080000079ab678 c00000140a104800 c00000002bd19000 NIP [c00800000790857c] qla2x00_async_adisc_sp_done+0x294/0x2b0 [qla2xxx] LR [c008000007908578] qla2x00_async_adisc_sp_done+0x290/0x2b0 [qla2xxx] Call Trace: [c00000001cdc3620] [c008000007908578] qla2x00_async_adisc_sp_done+0x290/0x2b0 [qla2xxx] (unreliable) [c00000001cdc3710] [c0080000078f3080] __qla2x00_abort_all_cmds+0x1b8/0x580 [qla2xxx] [c00000001cdc3840] [c0080000078f589c] qla2x00_abort_all_cmds+0x34/0xd0 [qla2xxx] [c00000001cdc3880] [c0080000079153d8] qla2x00_abort_isp_cleanup+0x3f0/0x570 [qla2xxx] [c00000001cdc3920] [c0080000078fb7e8] qla2x00_remove_one+0x3d0/0x480 [qla2xxx] [c00000001cdc39b0] [c00000000071c274] pci_device_remove+0x64/0x120 [c00000001cdc39f0] [c0000000007fb818] device_release_driver_internal+0x168/0x2a0 [c00000001cdc3a30] [c00000000070e304] pci_stop_bus_device+0xb4/0x100 [c00000001cdc3a70] [c00000000070e4f0] pci_stop_and_remove_bus_device+0x20/0x40 [c00000001cdc3aa0] [c000000000073940] pci_hp_remove_devices+0x90/0x130 [c00000001cdc3b30] [c0080000070704d0] disable_slot+0x38/0x90 [rpaphp] [ c00000001cdc3b60] [c00000000073eb4c] power_write_file+0xcc/0x180 [c00000001cdc3be0] [c0000000007354bc] pci_slot_attr_store+0x3c/0x60 [c00000001cdc3c00] [c00000000055f820] sysfs_kf_write+0x60/0x80 [c00000001cdc3c20] [c00000000055df10] kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x1a0/0x290 [c00000001cdc3c70] [c000000000447c4c] new_sync_write+0x14c/0x1d0 [c00000001cdc3d10] [c00000000044b134] vfs_write+0x224/0x330 [c00000001cdc3d60] [c00000000044b3f4] ksys_write+0x74/0x130 [c00000001cdc3db0] [c00000000002df70] system_call_exception+0x150/0x2d0 [c00000001cdc3e10] [c00000000000d45c] system_call_common+0xec/0x278

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-49158"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-617"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-26T07:00:53Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nscsi: qla2xxx: Fix warning message due to adisc being flushed\n\nFix warning message due to adisc being flushed.  Linux kernel triggered a\nwarning message where a different error code type is not matching up with\nthe expected type. Add additional translation of one error code type to\nanother.\n\nWARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 1131623 at drivers/scsi/qla2xxx/qla_init.c:498\nqla2x00_async_adisc_sp_done+0x294/0x2b0 [qla2xxx]\nCPU: 2 PID: 1131623 Comm: drmgr Not tainted 5.13.0-rc1-autotest #1\n..\nGPR28: c000000aaa9c8890 c0080000079ab678 c00000140a104800 c00000002bd19000\nNIP [c00800000790857c] qla2x00_async_adisc_sp_done+0x294/0x2b0 [qla2xxx]\nLR [c008000007908578] qla2x00_async_adisc_sp_done+0x290/0x2b0 [qla2xxx]\nCall Trace:\n[c00000001cdc3620] [c008000007908578] qla2x00_async_adisc_sp_done+0x290/0x2b0 [qla2xxx] (unreliable)\n[c00000001cdc3710] [c0080000078f3080] __qla2x00_abort_all_cmds+0x1b8/0x580 [qla2xxx]\n[c00000001cdc3840] [c0080000078f589c] qla2x00_abort_all_cmds+0x34/0xd0 [qla2xxx]\n[c00000001cdc3880] [c0080000079153d8] qla2x00_abort_isp_cleanup+0x3f0/0x570 [qla2xxx]\n[c00000001cdc3920] [c0080000078fb7e8] qla2x00_remove_one+0x3d0/0x480 [qla2xxx]\n[c00000001cdc39b0] [c00000000071c274] pci_device_remove+0x64/0x120\n[c00000001cdc39f0] [c0000000007fb818] device_release_driver_internal+0x168/0x2a0\n[c00000001cdc3a30] [c00000000070e304] pci_stop_bus_device+0xb4/0x100\n[c00000001cdc3a70] [c00000000070e4f0] pci_stop_and_remove_bus_device+0x20/0x40\n[c00000001cdc3aa0] [c000000000073940] pci_hp_remove_devices+0x90/0x130\n[c00000001cdc3b30] [c0080000070704d0] disable_slot+0x38/0x90 [rpaphp] [\nc00000001cdc3b60] [c00000000073eb4c] power_write_file+0xcc/0x180\n[c00000001cdc3be0] [c0000000007354bc] pci_slot_attr_store+0x3c/0x60\n[c00000001cdc3c00] [c00000000055f820] sysfs_kf_write+0x60/0x80 [c00000001cdc3c20]\n[c00000000055df10] kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x1a0/0x290\n[c00000001cdc3c70] [c000000000447c4c] new_sync_write+0x14c/0x1d0\n[c00000001cdc3d10] [c00000000044b134] vfs_write+0x224/0x330\n[c00000001cdc3d60] [c00000000044b3f4] ksys_write+0x74/0x130\n[c00000001cdc3db0] [c00000000002df70] system_call_exception+0x150/0x2d0\n[c00000001cdc3e10] [c00000000000d45c] system_call_common+0xec/0x278",
  "id": "GHSA-r2jp-4c5p-2vc2",
  "modified": "2026-06-01T18:31:19Z",
  "published": "2025-09-23T15:31:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-49158"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/64f24af75b79cba3b86b0760e27e0fa904db570f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7a3457777c4f700c64836e78dc71e6ce459f62b8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b13baf97ddbc1a7e7536168383bc0d84c2204b03"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c7e01292eb8499ef044737fd2ba37d033552167c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d8fb8da69e194e0249b3cdb746ef09ce823ae26b"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R2M7-7624-R2VF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-06 03:31 – Updated: 2026-01-06 21:30
VLAI
Details

In Modem, there is a possible read of uninitialized heap data due to an uncaught exception. This could lead to remote denial of service, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: MOLY01676750; Issue ID: MSV-4653.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-20760"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-617"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-06T02:15:41Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Modem, there is a possible read of uninitialized heap data due to an uncaught exception. This could lead to remote denial of service, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: MOLY01676750; Issue ID: MSV-4653.",
  "id": "GHSA-r2m7-7624-r2vf",
  "modified": "2026-01-06T21:30:31Z",
  "published": "2026-01-06T03:31:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-20760"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/January-2026"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R3FR-7M74-Q7G2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-03 21:33 – Updated: 2026-04-03 21:33
VLAI
Summary
CocoaMQTT: Denial of Service via Reachable Assertion in `PUBLISH` Packet Parsing
Details

A vulnerability exists in the packet parsing logic of CocoaMQTT that allows an attacker (or a compromised/malicious MQTT broker) to remotely crash the host iOS/macOS/tvOS application.

The vulnerability is located in Source/FramePublish.swift during the extraction of the Topic string from the incoming byte array.

When parsing the Variable Header of a PUBLISH frame, the library reads the first two bytes to determine the topicLength. It then adds this length to the current position (pos) and attempts to slice the byte array to extract the string:

if let data = NSString(bytes: [UInt8](bytes[2...(pos-1)]), length: Int(len), encoding: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue) {
    topic = data as String
}

If a packet is received where the Topic Length evaluates to 0 (e.g., 0x00 0x00), the len variable becomes 0, and pos evaluates to 2.

The slicing logic dynamically calculates bytes[2...(2-1)], which becomes bytes[2...1]. Swift's ClosedRange operator (...) requires the lower bound to be less than or equal to the upper bound. Because 2 is not less than 1, Swift detects an out-of-bounds access attempt and immediately triggers a runtime trap (Fatal error: Range requires lowerBound <= upperBound), crashing the host application.

If an attacker publishes this 4-byte malformed payload to a shared topic with the RETAIN flag set to true, the MQTT broker will persist the payload. Any time a vulnerable client connects and subscribes to that topic, the broker will automatically push the malformed packet. The app will instantly crash in the background before the user can even interact with it. This effectively "bricks" the mobile application (a persistent DoS) until the retained message is manually wiped from the broker database.

Severity
5.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "SwiftURL",
        "name": "CocoaMQTT"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.2.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-30867"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-617"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-03T21:33:58Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-02T14:16:28Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability exists in the packet parsing logic of CocoaMQTT that allows an attacker (or a compromised/malicious MQTT broker) to remotely crash the host iOS/macOS/tvOS application.\n\nThe vulnerability is located in `Source/FramePublish.swift` during the extraction of the Topic string from the incoming byte array.\n\nWhen parsing the Variable Header of a `PUBLISH` frame, the library reads the first two bytes to determine the `topicLength`. It then adds this length to the current position (`pos`) and attempts to slice the byte array to extract the string:\n\n```swift\nif let data = NSString(bytes: [UInt8](bytes[2...(pos-1)]), length: Int(len), encoding: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue) {\n    topic = data as String\n}\n```\n\nIf a packet is received where the Topic Length evaluates to `0` (e.g., `0x00 0x00`), the `len` variable becomes `0`, and `pos` evaluates to `2`.\n\nThe slicing logic dynamically calculates `bytes[2...(2-1)]`, which becomes **`bytes[2...1]`**. Swift\u0027s `ClosedRange` operator (`...`) requires the lower bound to be less than or equal to the upper bound. Because 2 is not less than 1, Swift detects an out-of-bounds access attempt and immediately triggers a runtime trap (`Fatal error: Range requires lowerBound \u003c= upperBound`), crashing the host application.\n\nIf an attacker publishes this 4-byte malformed payload to a shared topic with the `RETAIN` flag set to true, the MQTT broker will persist the payload. Any time a vulnerable client connects and subscribes to that topic, the broker will automatically push the malformed packet. The app will instantly crash in the background before the user can even interact with it. This effectively \"bricks\" the mobile application (a persistent DoS) until the retained message is manually wiped from the broker database.",
  "id": "GHSA-r3fr-7m74-q7g2",
  "modified": "2026-04-03T21:33:58Z",
  "published": "2026-04-03T21:33:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/emqx/CocoaMQTT/security/advisories/GHSA-r3fr-7m74-q7g2"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-30867"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/emqx/CocoaMQTT/pull/659"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/emqx/CocoaMQTT/commit/010bca6f61b97d726252f61641d331a2bf82b338"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/emqx/CocoaMQTT"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/emqx/CocoaMQTT/releases/tag/2.2.2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "CocoaMQTT: Denial of Service via Reachable Assertion in `PUBLISH` Packet Parsing "
}

GHSA-R492-F75W-FPQ9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-22 15:32 – Updated: 2025-01-28 00:32
VLAI
Details

Open5GS MME versions <= 2.6.4 contain an assertion that can be remotely triggered via a malformed ASN.1 packet over the S1AP interface. An attacker may send a Handover Notification message missing a required MME_UE_S1AP_ID field to repeatedly crash the MME, resulting in denial of service.

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-37009"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-617"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-22T15:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Open5GS MME versions \u003c= 2.6.4 contain an assertion that can be remotely triggered via a malformed ASN.1 packet over the S1AP interface. An attacker may send a `Handover Notification` message missing a required `MME_UE_S1AP_ID` field to repeatedly crash the MME, resulting in denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-r492-f75w-fpq9",
  "modified": "2025-01-28T00:32:13Z",
  "published": "2025-01-22T15:32:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37009"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cellularsecurity.org/ransacked"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R4MP-379R-9756

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:49 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:49
VLAI
Details

In BIND 9.0.0 -> 9.11.29, 9.12.0 -> 9.16.13, and versions BIND 9.9.3-S1 -> 9.11.29-S1 and 9.16.8-S1 -> 9.16.13-S1 of BIND Supported Preview Edition, as well as release versions 9.17.0 -> 9.17.11 of the BIND 9.17 development branch, when a vulnerable version of named receives a query for a record triggering the flaw described above, the named process will terminate due to a failed assertion check. The vulnerability affects all currently maintained BIND 9 branches (9.11, 9.11-S, 9.16, 9.16-S, 9.17) as well as all other versions of BIND 9.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-25215"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-617"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-29T01:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In BIND 9.0.0 -\u003e 9.11.29, 9.12.0 -\u003e 9.16.13, and versions BIND 9.9.3-S1 -\u003e 9.11.29-S1 and 9.16.8-S1 -\u003e 9.16.13-S1 of BIND Supported Preview Edition, as well as release versions 9.17.0 -\u003e 9.17.11 of the BIND 9.17 development branch, when a vulnerable version of named receives a query for a record triggering the flaw described above, the named process will terminate due to a failed assertion check. The vulnerability affects all currently maintained BIND 9 branches (9.11, 9.11-S, 9.16, 9.16-S, 9.17) as well as all other versions of BIND 9.",
  "id": "GHSA-r4mp-379r-9756",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:49:15Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:49:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-25215"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-389290.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kb.isc.org/v1/docs/cve-2021-25215"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00001.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/VEC2XG4Q2ODTN2C4CGXEIXU3EUTBMK7L"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZDSRPCJQ7MZC6CENH5PO3VQOFI7VSWBE"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210521-0006"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4909"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/04/29/1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/04/29/2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/04/29/3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/04/29/4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R4RF-VX7W-8692

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:44 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:44
VLAI
Details

A flaw was found in libnbd 1.7.3. An assertion failure in nbd_unlocked_opt_go in ilb/opt.c may lead to denial of service.

Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-20286"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-617"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-03-15T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was found in libnbd 1.7.3. An assertion failure in nbd_unlocked_opt_go in ilb/opt.c may lead to denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-r4rf-vx7w-8692",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:44:33Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:44:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-20286"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1934727"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/nbdkit/libnbd/-/commit/fb4440de9cc76e9c14bd3ddf3333e78621f40ad0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-R4WQ-665P-WHRQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-23 00:30 – Updated: 2025-12-23 00:30
VLAI
Details

wb2osz/direwolf (Dire Wolf) versions up to and including 1.8, prior to commit 3658a87, contain a reachable assertion vulnerability in the APRS MIC-E decoder function aprs_mic_e() located in src/decode_aprs.c. When processing a specially crafted AX.25 frame containing a MIC-E message with an empty or truncated comment field, the application triggers an unhandled assertion checking for a non-empty comment. This assertion failure causes immediate process termination, allowing a remote, unauthenticated attacker to cause a denial of service by sending malformed APRS traffic.

Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-34458"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-617"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-22T22:16:04Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "wb2osz/direwolf (Dire Wolf) versions up to and including 1.8, prior to commit 3658a87, contain a reachable assertion vulnerability in the APRS MIC-E decoder function aprs_mic_e() located in src/decode_aprs.c. When processing a specially crafted AX.25 frame containing a MIC-E message with an empty or truncated comment field, the application triggers an unhandled assertion checking for a non-empty comment. This assertion failure causes immediate process termination, allowing a remote, unauthenticated attacker to cause a denial of service by sending malformed APRS traffic.",
  "id": "GHSA-r4wq-665p-whrq",
  "modified": "2025-12-23T00:30:32Z",
  "published": "2025-12-23T00:30:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-34458"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf/issues/618"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf/commit/3658a87"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/marlinkcyber/advisories/blob/main/advisories/MCSAID-2025-010-direwolf-stack-buffer-overflow-kiss-frame.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/wb2osz-direwolf-reachable-assertion-dos"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R4XC-G4X2-59J9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-21 00:00 – Updated: 2022-01-27 00:02
VLAI
Details

There is an Assertion 'ecma_is_lexical_environment (obj_p) || !ecma_op_object_is_fast_array (obj_p)' failed at /jerry-core/ecma/base/ecma-helpers.c in JerryScript 3.0.0.

Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-46342"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-617"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-01-20T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "There is an Assertion \u0027ecma_is_lexical_environment (obj_p) || !ecma_op_object_is_fast_array (obj_p)\u0027 failed at /jerry-core/ecma/base/ecma-helpers.c in JerryScript 3.0.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-r4xc-g4x2-59j9",
  "modified": "2022-01-27T00:02:28Z",
  "published": "2022-01-21T00:00:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46342"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jerryscript-project/jerryscript/issues/4934"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}
Mitigation
Implementation

Make sensitive open/close operation non reachable by directly user-controlled data (e.g. open/close resources)

Mitigation
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Perform input validation on user data.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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