Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2305 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2021-1525 (GCVE-0-2021-1525)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-06-04 16:45 – Updated: 2024-11-07 22:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Webex Meetings and Webex Meetings Server File Redirect Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in Cisco Webex Meetings and Cisco Webex Meetings Server could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to redirect users to a malicious file. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of URL paths in the application interface. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user to follow a specially crafted URL that is designed to cause Cisco Webex Meetings to include a remote file in the web UI. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the application to offer a remote file to a user, which could allow the attacker to conduct further phishing or spoofing attacks.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco WebEx Meetings Server |
Affected:
n/a
|
Date Public
2021-06-02 00:00
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CVE-2021-1500 (GCVE-0-2021-1500)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-11-04 15:40 – Updated: 2024-11-07 21:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Webex Video Mesh Arbitrary Site Redirection Vulnerability
Summary
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Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Webex Video Mesh |
Affected:
n/a
|
Date Public
2021-11-03 00:00
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CVE-2021-1397 (GCVE-0-2021-1397)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-05-06 12:42 – Updated: 2024-11-08 23:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Integrated Management Controller Open Redirect Vulnerability
Summary
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Severity
4.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Unified Computing System (Standalone) |
Affected:
n/a
|
Date Public
2021-05-05 00:00
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CVE-2021-1358 (GCVE-0-2021-1358)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-05-22 06:45 – Updated: 2024-11-08 21:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Finesse Open Redirect Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Finesse could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to redirect a user to an undesired web page. This vulnerability is due to improper input validation of the URL parameters in an HTTP request that is sent to an affected system. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user of the interface to click a crafted link. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the interface to redirect the user to a specific, malicious URL. This type of vulnerability is known as an open redirect and is used in phishing attacks that get users to unknowingly visit malicious sites.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Unified Contact Center Express |
Affected:
n/a
|
Date Public
2021-05-19 00:00
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CVE-2021-1310 (GCVE-0-2021-1310)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-01-13 21:46 – Updated: 2024-09-17 04:15
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Webex Meetings Open Redirect Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Webex Meetings could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to redirect a user to an untrusted web page, bypassing the warning mechanism that should prompt the user before the redirection. This vulnerability is due to improper input validation of the URL parameters in an HTTP request. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user to click a crafted link. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to redirect a user to a malicious website, bypassing the Webex URL check that should result in a warning before the redirection to the web page. Attackers may use this type of vulnerability, known as an open redirect attack, as part of a phishing attack to convince users to unknowingly visit malicious sites.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Webex Meetings |
Affected:
n/a
|
Date Public
2021-01-13 00:00
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CVE-2021-1218 (GCVE-0-2021-1218)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-01-20 20:11 – Updated: 2024-11-12 20:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Smart Software Manager Satellite Open Redirect Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the web management interface of Cisco Smart Software Manager satellite could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to redirect a user to an undesired web page. The vulnerability is due to improper input validation of the URL parameters in an HTTP request that is sent to an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted HTTP request that could cause the web application to redirect the request to a specified malicious URL. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to redirect a user to a malicious website.
Severity
4.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Smart Software Manager On-Prem |
Affected:
n/a
|
Date Public
2021-01-20 00:00
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CVE-2020-36912 (GCVE-0-2020-36912)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-06 15:52 – Updated: 2026-01-06 19:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Plexus anblick Digital Signage Management 3.1.13 Open Redirect via Pagina Parameter
Summary
Plexus anblick Digital Signage Management 3.1.13 contains an open redirect vulnerability in the 'PantallaLogin' script that allows attackers to manipulate the 'pagina' GET parameter. Attackers can craft malicious links that redirect users to arbitrary websites by exploiting improper input validation in the parameter.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL… | third-party-advisory |
| https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/158473 | exploit |
| https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilit… | vdb-entry |
| https://www.plexus.es/ | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/plexus-anbli… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Plexus | Plexus anblick Digital Signage Management |
Affected:
3.1.13
|
Date Public
2020-07-19 00:00
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CVE-2020-36845 (GCVE-0-2020-36845)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-20 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-21 02:18 Exclusively Hosted Service
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
The KnowBe4 Security Awareness Training application before 2020-01-10 contains a redirect function that does not validate the destination URL before redirecting. The response has a SCRIPT element that sets window.location.href to an arbitrary https URL.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| KnowBe4 | Security Awareness Training |
Affected:
0 , < 2020-01-10
(custom)
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CVE-2020-36665 (GCVE-0-2020-36665)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-04 18:31 – Updated: 2024-08-04 17:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Artesãos SEOTools TwitterCards.php eachValue redirect
Summary
A vulnerability was found in Artesãos SEOTools up to 0.17.1 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function eachValue of the file TwitterCards.php. The manipulation of the argument value leads to open redirect. Upgrading to version 0.17.2 is able to address this issue. The identifier of the patch is ca27cd0edf917e0bc805227013859b8b5a1f01fb. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier VDB-222233 was assigned to this vulnerability.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
5.5 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-601 - Open Redirect
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.222233 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.222233 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://github.com/artesaos/seotools/pull/201 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/artesaos/seotools/commit/ca27c… | patch |
| https://github.com/artesaos/seotools/releases/tag… | patch |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2020-36664 (GCVE-0-2020-36664)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-04 17:00 – Updated: 2024-08-04 17:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Artesãos SEOTools SEOMeta.php setTitle redirect
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in Artesãos SEOTools up to 0.17.1 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects the function setTitle of the file SEOMeta.php. The manipulation of the argument title leads to open redirect. Upgrading to version 0.17.2 is able to address this issue. The name of the patch is ca27cd0edf917e0bc805227013859b8b5a1f01fb. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-222232.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
5.5 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-601 - Open Redirect
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.222232 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.222232 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://github.com/artesaos/seotools/pull/201 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/artesaos/seotools/commit/ca27c… | patch |
| https://github.com/artesaos/seotools/releases/tag… | patch |
Impacted products
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{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2023-03-02T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Advisory disclosed"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2023-03-02T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "CVE reserved"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2023-03-02T01:00:00.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry created"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2023-03-30T20:49:02.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry last update"
}
],
"title": "Artes\u00e3os SEOTools SEOMeta.php setTitle redirect"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"assignerShortName": "VulDB",
"cveId": "CVE-2020-36664",
"datePublished": "2023-03-04T17:00:05.012Z",
"dateReserved": "2023-03-02T18:52:40.166Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-04T17:30:08.702Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Architecture and Design
Implementation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.