CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2673 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-7VRG-9396-HG47
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-31 09:30 – Updated: 2026-08-31 18:31NSP is vulnerable to an open redirect due to insufficient server-side validation of the URL (or redirect) parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-40465"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-31T07:17:43Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "NSP is vulnerable to an open redirect due to insufficient server-side validation of the URL (or redirect) parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-7vrg-9396-hg47",
"modified": "2026-08-31T18:31:28Z",
"published": "2026-08-31T09:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40465"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.nokia.com/we-are-nokia/security/product-security-advisory/cve-2026-40465"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7W6J-444C-WPVQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:20 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:20A security vulnerability in HPE IceWall SSO Dfw 10.0 and 11.0 on RHEL, HP-UX, and Windows could be exploited remotely to allow URL Redirection.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-8989"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-08-06T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A security vulnerability in HPE IceWall SSO Dfw 10.0 and 11.0 on RHEL, HP-UX, and Windows could be exploited remotely to allow URL Redirection.",
"id": "GHSA-7w6j-444c-wpvq",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:20:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:20:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-8989"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpsc/doc/public/display?docLocale=en_US\u0026docId=emr_na-hpesbmu03833en_us"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7WMP-QGHR-8G7F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-19 12:30 – Updated: 2024-01-07 12:30When choosing a site-isolated process for a document loaded from a data: URL that was the result of a redirect, Firefox would load that document in the same process as the site that issued the redirect. This bypassed the site-isolation protections against Spectre-like attacks on sites that host an "open redirect". Firefox no longer follows HTTP redirects to data: URLs. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 114.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-34415"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-19T11:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "When choosing a site-isolated process for a document loaded from a data: URL that was the result of a redirect, Firefox would load that document in the same process as the site that issued the redirect. This bypassed the site-isolation protections against Spectre-like attacks on sites that host an \"open redirect\". Firefox no longer follows HTTP redirects to data: URLs. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 114.",
"id": "GHSA-7wmp-qghr-8g7f",
"modified": "2024-01-07T12:30:29Z",
"published": "2023-06-19T12:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-34415"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1811999"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202401-10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2023-20"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7WXF-R2QV-9XWR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-29 22:14 – Updated: 2024-03-21 18:25Impact
It is possible to create a URL that acts as an open redirect.
Patches
The vulnerability has been patched in version 1.4.97 of the master branch. The Docker image on docker.io has been patched.
Workarounds
If upgrading is not possible, manually apply the changes of 4801ac7 and restart the server (e.g., by pressing Save on the Configuration screen).
Credit
The vulnerability was discovered by Riyush Ghimire (@richighimi).
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:
- Open an issue in docassemble
- Join the Slack channel
- Email us at jhpyle@gmail.com
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "docassemble.webapp"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.4.97"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-27291"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-02-29T22:14:47Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-21T02:52:19Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nIt is possible to create a URL that acts as an open redirect.\n\n### Patches\nThe vulnerability has been patched in version 1.4.97 of the master branch. The Docker image on docker.io has been patched.\n\n### Workarounds\nIf upgrading is not possible, manually apply the changes of [4801ac7](https://github.com/jhpyle/docassemble/commit/4801ac7ff7c90df00ac09523077930cdb6dea2aa) and restart the server (e.g., by pressing Save on the Configuration screen).\n\n### Credit\n\nThe vulnerability was discovered by Riyush Ghimire (@richighimi).\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n\n* Open an issue in [docassemble](https://github.com/jhpyle/docassemble/issues)\n* Join the [Slack channel](https://join.slack.com/t/docassemble/shared_invite/zt-2cspzjo9j-YyE7SrLmi5muAvnPv~Bz~A)\n* Email us at jhpyle@gmail.com",
"id": "GHSA-7wxf-r2qv-9xwr",
"modified": "2024-03-21T18:25:19Z",
"published": "2024-02-29T22:14:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jhpyle/docassemble/security/advisories/GHSA-7wxf-r2qv-9xwr"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jhpyle/docassemble/commit/4801ac7ff7c90df00ac09523077930cdb6dea2aa"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jhpyle/docassemble"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Docassemble open redirect"
}
GHSA-7X3Q-PVH9-2Q2F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-06 21:31 – Updated: 2026-10-08 18:32Open redirect in AppManifest in Google Chrome prior to 155.0.8059.39 allowed a remote attacker leveraging social engineering to bypass web origin policy via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-106322"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-06T19:18:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Open redirect in AppManifest in Google Chrome prior to 155.0.8059.39 allowed a remote attacker leveraging social engineering to bypass web origin policy via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-7x3q-pvh9-2q2f",
"modified": "2026-10-08T18:32:22Z",
"published": "2026-10-06T21:31:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-106322"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/10/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_086471744.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/517213220"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7XF8-X4WH-25C5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:02 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:02Characters from languages are such as Arabic, Hebrew are displayed from RTL (Right To Left) order in Opera 37.0.2192.105088 for Android, due to mishandling of several unicode characters such as U+FE70, U+0622, U+0623 etc and how they are rendered combined with (first strong character) such as an IP address or alphabet could lead to a spoofed URL. It was noticed that by placing neutral characters such as "/", "?" in filepath causes the URL to be flipped and displayed from Right To Left. However, in order for the URL to be spoofed the URL must begin with an IP address followed by neutral characters as omnibox considers IP address to be combination of punctuation and numbers and since LTR (Left To Right) direction is not properly enforced, this causes the entire URL to be treated and rendered from RTL (Right To Left). However, it doesn't have be an IP address, what matters is that first strong character (generally, alphabetic character) in the URL must be an RTL character.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-6908"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-01-26T15:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Characters from languages are such as Arabic, Hebrew are displayed from RTL (Right To Left) order in Opera 37.0.2192.105088 for Android, due to mishandling of several unicode characters such as U+FE70, U+0622, U+0623 etc and how they are rendered combined with (first strong character) such as an IP address or alphabet could lead to a spoofed URL. It was noticed that by placing neutral characters such as \"/\", \"?\" in filepath causes the URL to be flipped and displayed from Right To Left. However, in order for the URL to be spoofed the URL must begin with an IP address followed by neutral characters as omnibox considers IP address to be combination of punctuation and numbers and since LTR (Left To Right) direction is not properly enforced, this causes the entire URL to be treated and rendered from RTL (Right To Left). However, it doesn\u0027t have be an IP address, what matters is that first strong character (generally, alphabetic character) in the URL must be an RTL character.",
"id": "GHSA-7xf8-x4wh-25c5",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:02:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:02:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-6908"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92701"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-822G-HRGW-4PFP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-21 00:33 – Updated: 2026-10-21 00:33Vulnerability in the Oracle JDeveloper product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Security Framework). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle JDeveloper. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle JDeveloper accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.5 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-91318"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-20T22:20:33Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle JDeveloper product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Security Framework). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle JDeveloper. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle JDeveloper accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.5 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).",
"id": "GHSA-822g-hrgw-4pfp",
"modified": "2026-10-21T00:33:21Z",
"published": "2026-10-21T00:33:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-91318"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8279-2HH7-MPV3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41SAP UI5, versions - 1.38.49, 1.52.49, 1.60.34, 1.71.31, 1.78.18, 1.84.5, 1.85.4, 1.86.1, allows an unauthenticated attacker to redirect users to a malicious site due to Reverse Tabnabbing vulnerabilities.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-21476"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-09T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SAP UI5, versions - 1.38.49, 1.52.49, 1.60.34, 1.71.31, 1.78.18, 1.84.5, 1.85.4, 1.86.1, allows an unauthenticated attacker to redirect users to a malicious site due to Reverse Tabnabbing vulnerabilities.",
"id": "GHSA-8279-2hh7-mpv3",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:36Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21476"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/3014303"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=568460543"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-82CF-VXMQ-9GCV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-29 12:31 – Updated: 2026-09-29 12:31A vulnerability in HPE OneView can be remotely exploited to cause a URL redirect.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-76720"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-29T10:17:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in HPE OneView can be remotely exploited to cause a URL redirect.",
"id": "GHSA-82cf-vxmq-9gcv",
"modified": "2026-09-29T12:31:29Z",
"published": "2026-09-29T12:31:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-76720"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpesc/public/docDisplay?docId=hpesbgn05140en_us\u0026docLocale=en_US"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-82J9-WFCF-9V2H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:07 – Updated: 2024-10-18 21:45An open redirect on the login form (and possibly other places) in Plone 4.0 through 5.2.1 allows an attacker to craft a link to a Plone Site that, when followed, and possibly after login, will redirect to an attacker's site.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "Plone"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.3.20"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "Plone"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.0rc1"
},
{
"fixed": "5.1.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "Plone"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.2.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-7936"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-12T23:52:07Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-01-23T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An open redirect on the login form (and possibly other places) in Plone 4.0 through 5.2.1 allows an attacker to craft a link to a Plone Site that, when followed, and possibly after login, will redirect to an attacker\u0027s site.",
"id": "GHSA-82j9-wfcf-9v2h",
"modified": "2024-10-18T21:45:41Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:07:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-7936"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/plone/Plone"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/plone/PYSEC-2020-85.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plone.org/security/hotfix/20200121"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plone.org/security/hotfix/20200121/an-open-redirection-on-the-login-form-and-possibly-other-places"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2020/01/22/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2020/01/24/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Plone Open Redirect Vulnerability"
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.