Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2310 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-CGMC-GHQ7-9549
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:48 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:48
VLAI
Details
Open redirect vulnerability in Joomla! CMS 3.0.0 through 3.4.1.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-5608"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-20T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Open redirect vulnerability in Joomla! CMS 3.0.0 through 3.4.1.",
"id": "GHSA-cgmc-ghq7-9549",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:48:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:48:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-5608"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://developer.joomla.org/security-centre/617-20150601-core-open-redirect.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/76496"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CGRJ-XJM7-9Q27
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-28 00:01 – Updated: 2022-07-08 17:04
VLAI
Summary
Open redirect in web2py
Details
Open redirect vulnerability in web2py versions prior to 2.22.5 allows a remote attacker to redirect a user to an arbitrary web site and conduct a phishing attack by having a user to access a specially crafted URL.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "web2py"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.22.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-33146"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-07-05T22:06:03Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-27T01:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Open redirect vulnerability in web2py versions prior to 2.22.5 allows a remote attacker to redirect a user to an arbitrary web site and conduct a phishing attack by having a user to access a specially crafted URL.",
"id": "GHSA-cgrj-xjm7-9q27",
"modified": "2022-07-08T17:04:13Z",
"published": "2022-06-28T00:01:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-33146"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/web2py/web2py/commit/a181b855a43cb8b479d276b082cfcde385768451"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/web2py/web2py/commit/d9805606f88f00c0be56438247605cefde73e14e#diff-c1d01f37ee54d813815718760b9c4d7b274e2be7ad18f65552cd564336ab593bR110"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/web2py/web2py"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN02158640/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://web2py.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Open redirect in web2py"
}
GHSA-CH69-FG75-F7X5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:54 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:54
VLAI
Details
The ChangeSharedFilterOwner resource in Jira before version 7.13.6, from version 8.0.0 before version 8.2.3, and from version 8.3.0 before version 8.3.2 allows remote attackers to attack users, in some cases be able to obtain a user's Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) token, via a open redirect vulnerability.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-11589"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-08-23T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The ChangeSharedFilterOwner resource in Jira before version 7.13.6, from version 8.0.0 before version 8.2.3, and from version 8.3.0 before version 8.3.2 allows remote attackers to attack users, in some cases be able to obtain a user\u0027s Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) token, via a open redirect vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-ch69-fg75-f7x5",
"modified": "2022-05-24T16:54:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:54:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11589"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/JRASERVER-69780"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CH98-PVVC-V52H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:22 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:22
VLAI
Details
Before WordPress 4.9.5, the redirection URL for the login page was not validated or sanitized if forced to use HTTPS.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-10100"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-04-16T09:58:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Before WordPress 4.9.5, the redirection URL for the login page was not validated or sanitized if forced to use HTTPS.",
"id": "GHSA-ch98-pvvc-v52h",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:22:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:22:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-10100"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/WordPress/WordPress/commit/14bc2c0a6fde0da04b47130707e01df850eedc7e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://codex.wordpress.org/Version_4.9.5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://core.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/42892"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/04/msg00031.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wordpress.org/news/2018/04/wordpress-4-9-5-security-and-maintenance-release"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpvulndb.com/vulnerabilities/9054"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4193"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040836"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CHQX-RW2R-XGW8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-01 21:30 – Updated: 2025-05-30 18:30
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in ViewerJS 0.5.8. A script from the component loads content via URL TAGs without properly sanitizing it. This leads to both open redirection and out-of-band resource loading.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-25676"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-01T20:15:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in ViewerJS 0.5.8. A script from the component loads content via URL TAGs without properly sanitizing it. This leads to both open redirection and out-of-band resource loading.",
"id": "GHSA-chqx-rw2r-xgw8",
"modified": "2025-05-30T18:30:51Z",
"published": "2024-05-01T21:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-25676"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cds.thalesgroup.com/en/tcs-cert/CVE-2024-25676"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://excellium-services.com/cert-xlm-advisory/cve-2024-25676"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJ2C-3W92-RJ4X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:56 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:56
VLAI
Details
Open redirect vulnerability in SHIRASAGI v1.7.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via unspecified vectors.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-6009"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-09-12T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Open redirect vulnerability in SHIRASAGI v1.7.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-cj2c-3w92-rj4x",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:56:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:56:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-6009"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/shirasagi/shirasagi/commit/6016948ea535e51b16535888af13df064a1a15d3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/shirasagi/shirasagi/commit/6016948ea535e51b16535888af13df064a1a15d3.patch"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/shirasagi/shirasagi"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ss-proj.org"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN74699196/index.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJ2G-FW5J-R5HX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:55 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:51
VLAI
Details
The login-or-logout-menu-item plugin before 1.2.0 for WordPress has no requirement for lolmi_save_settings authentication.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-15820"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-08-30T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The login-or-logout-menu-item plugin before 1.2.0 for WordPress has no requirement for lolmi_save_settings authentication.",
"id": "GHSA-cj2g-fw5j-r5hx",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:51:45Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:55:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-15820"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.nintechnet.com/unauthenticated-options-change-in-wordpress-login-or-logout-menu-item-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/login-or-logout-menu-item/#developers"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpvulndb.com/vulnerabilities/9500"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJ82-9MRM-6P3M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:14 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:14
VLAI
Details
Stormshield Network Security 310 3.7.10 devices have an auth/lang.html?rurl= Open Redirect vulnerability on the captive portal. For example, the attacker can use rurl=//example.com instead of rurl=https://example.com in the query string.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-8430"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-04-13T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Stormshield Network Security 310 3.7.10 devices have an auth/lang.html?rurl= Open Redirect vulnerability on the captive portal. For example, the attacker can use rurl=//example.com instead of rurl=https://example.com in the query string.",
"id": "GHSA-cj82-9mrm-6p3m",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:14:09Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:14:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8430"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://advisories.stormshield.eu/2020-001"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.digitemis.com/2020/02/24/digitemis-decouvre-une-vulnerabilite-au-sein-dun-produit-stormshield-cve-2020-8430"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.digitemis.com/category/blog/actualite"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.stormshield.com/products/sn310"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-CJG5-7WXV-934R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-14 12:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in CRM Perks Connector for Gravity Forms and Google Sheets allows Phishing. This issue affects Connector for Gravity Forms and Google Sheets: from n/a through 1.2.4.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54681"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-14T11:15:47Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027) vulnerability in CRM Perks Connector for Gravity Forms and Google Sheets allows Phishing. This issue affects Connector for Gravity Forms and Google Sheets: from n/a through 1.2.4.",
"id": "GHSA-cjg5-7wxv-934r",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:50Z",
"published": "2025-08-14T12:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54681"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/wp-gravity-forms-spreadsheets/vulnerability/wordpress-connector-for-gravity-forms-and-google-sheets-plugin-plugin-1-2-4-open-redirection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJM2-J6CM-6P6M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-02 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-04 05:59
VLAI
Summary
Keycloak: Redirect URI validation bypass via ..;/ path traversal in OIDC auth endpoint
Details
A flaw was found in Keycloak. This issue allows an attacker, who controls another path on the same web server, to bypass the allowed path in redirect Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) that use a wildcard. A successful attack may lead to the theft of an access token, resulting in information disclosure.
Severity
7.3 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.keycloak:keycloak-services"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "26.5.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-3872"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-04T05:59:35Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-02T13:16:26Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in Keycloak. This issue allows an attacker, who controls another path on the same web server, to bypass the allowed path in redirect Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) that use a wildcard. A successful attack may lead to the theft of an access token, resulting in information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-cjm2-j6cm-6p6m",
"modified": "2026-04-04T05:59:35Z",
"published": "2026-04-02T15:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-3872"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/issues/47718"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/35a71b00bc856ac402711130f60190d3a24795e7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6475"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6476"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6477"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6478"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-3872"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2445988"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Keycloak: Redirect URI validation bypass via ..;/ path traversal in OIDC auth endpoint"
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Architecture and Design
Implementation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.