Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-497
AllowedExposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product does not properly prevent sensitive system-level information from being accessed by unauthorized actors who do not have the same level of access to the underlying system as the product does.
847 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-81387 (GCVE-0-2026-81387)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 17:18 – Updated: 2026-10-14 23:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft Excel Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Exposure of sensitive system information to an unauthorized control sphere in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 19:42 UTC
CWE
- CWE-497 - Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
9 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < 16.0.20326.20138
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Excel 2016 |
Affected:
16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.5569.1003
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office 2016 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.0.5569.1003
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office 2019 |
Affected:
19.0.0 , < 16.0.10417.20207
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office 365 for Mac |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 16.113.26091433
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < 16.0.14334.20906
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC 2024 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.0.17932.20976
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2021 |
Affected:
16.0.1 , < 16.113.26091433
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2024 |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.113.26091433
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-09-08 14:00
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CVE-2026-80119 (GCVE-0-2026-80119)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 18:37 – Updated: 2026-10-01 19:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PassMark PerformanceTest, BurnInTest, and OSForensics Physical Memory Disclosure via DirectIo64.sys IOCTL
Summary
PassMark PerformanceTest before 11.1 build 1012, BurnInTest before 11.1 build 1000, and OSForensics before 11.1 build 1016 contain an information disclosure vulnerability in DirectIo64.sys that allows unauthenticated local attackers to dump complete physical memory contents by supplying a caller-controlled file path to an exposed IOCTL. Attackers can issue a single IOCTL call to trigger the driver to iterate all physical memory ranges via MmGetPhysicalMemoryRanges and map each page through ZwMapViewOfSection on the PhysicalMemory section object, writing a full RAM image to an attacker-specified path in the SYSTEM context, bypassing user-mode ACLs and exposing LSASS working set, process memory, and cryptographic material from all running processes.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 19:19 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/floppywiggler/directio64-disclosure | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://www.passmark.com/products/performancetest… | release-notespatch |
| https://www.passmark.com/products/burnintest/hist… | release-notespatch |
| https://www.osforensics.com/whats-new.html | release-notespatch |
| https://dkom.dev/posts/directio64-disclosure/ | technical-description |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/passmark-per… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PassMark Software | PerformanceTest |
Affected:
0 , < 11.1 build 1012
(custom)
|
|
| PassMark Software | BurnInTest |
Affected:
0 , < 11.1 build 1000
(custom)
|
|
| PassMark Software | OSForensics |
Affected:
0 , < 11.1 build 1016
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-06-24 00:00
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CVE-2026-80118 (GCVE-0-2026-80118)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 18:37 – Updated: 2026-10-01 19:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PassMark PerformanceTest, BurnInTest, and OSForensics Kernel Null Pointer Dereference via DirectIo64.sys IOCTL
Summary
PassMark PerformanceTest before 11.1 build 1012, BurnInTest before 11.1 build 1000, and OSForensics before 11.1 build 1016 contain an unauthenticated physical memory disclosure in DirectIo64.sys, reachable by unprivileged local users through a single IOCTL with no caller-identity check. The handler writes a crash-dump-format (PAGEDU64) image of all physical memory to a caller-supplied file path in the SYSTEM context, allowing a standard user to create files in locations they cannot otherwise write and to recover memory belonging to processes of other users. The image is preceded by a header that exposes the kernel loaded-module list, active-process list and PFN database pointers, defeating KASLR. The same handler also dereferences the return value of an internal kernel-structure locator without a NULL check; that locator returns NULL on three distinct failure paths, and a kernel crash results on builds where any of those paths is taken.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-10 13:51 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/floppywiggler/directio64-disclosure | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://www.passmark.com/products/performancetest… | release-notespatch |
| https://www.passmark.com/products/burnintest/hist… | release-notespatch |
| https://www.osforensics.com/whats-new.html | release-notespatch |
| https://dkom.dev/posts/directio64-disclosure/ | technical-description |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/passmark-per… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PassMark Software | PerformanceTest |
Affected:
0 , < 11.1 build 1012
(custom)
|
|
| PassMark Software | BurnInTest |
Affected:
0 , < 11.1 build 1000
(custom)
|
|
| PassMark Software | OSForensics |
Affected:
0 , < 11.1 build 1016
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-06-24 00:00
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CVE-2026-78356 (GCVE-0-2026-78356)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-12 06:49 – Updated: 2026-10-15 18:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unauthenticated Disclosure of Agent Frontend Configuration
Summary
The OTRS Agent Frontend configuration endpoint can be accessed without authentication. This allows unauthenticated remote users to retrieve internal application configuration that is intended for use by the authenticated Agent Frontend. The exposed information may include configured frontend routes and their associated authorization groups, authentication configuration, enabled product features, third-party integration settings, and other implementation details.
The exposed configuration does not directly contain user credentials or provide unauthorized modification of the OTRS configuration. However, the disclosed information may assist an attacker in fingerprinting the affected OTRS installation and identifying enabled functionality or security-relevant configuration that could be used to prepare further attacks.
This issue affects OTRS:
* 8.0.X
* 2023.X
* 2024.X
* 2025.X
* 2026.X before 2026.7.X
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 18:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-497 - Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OTRS GmbH (former OTRS AG) | OTRS |
Affected:
8.0.x
Affected: 2023.x Affected: 2024.x Affected: 2025.x Affected: 2026.x , ≤ 2026.6.x (patch) |
Date Public
2026-10-12 07:00
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CVE-2026-78268 (GCVE-0-2026-78268)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-24 21:31 – Updated: 2026-08-25 19:22
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WordPress Lead Generation Contact Widget & AI Chatbot: Chat Button, Phone Call, Telegram, Email – SiteLeads plugin <= 1.2.0 - Sensitive Data Exposure vulnerability
Summary
Unauthenticated Sensitive Data Exposure in Lead Generation Contact Widget & AI Chatbot: Chat Button, Phone Call, Telegram, Email – SiteLeads <= 1.2.0 versions.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-25 18:35 UTC
CWE
- CWE-497 - Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/… | vdb-entry |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Extend Themes | Lead Generation Contact Widget & AI Chatbot: Chat Button, Phone Call, Telegram, Email – SiteLeads |
Affected:
n/a , ≤ 1.2.0
(custom)
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CVE-2026-76968 (GCVE-0-2026-76968)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 00:12 – Updated: 2026-09-08 10:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Information Disclosure vulnerability in SAP Web Dispatcher, Internet Communication Manager and SAP Content Server
Summary
SAP Web Dispatcher, Internet Communication Manager and SAP Content Server allows an authenticated low-privileged attacker to access certain administrative functionality or interface and obtain sensitive information about the system state, resulting in information disclosure. This disclosed information could potentially be used to facilitate further attacks. This vulnerability has a high impact on the confidentiality of the application, with no impact on integrity or availability.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 10:04 UTC
CWE
- CWE-497 - Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SAP_SE | SAP Web Dispatcher, Internet Communication Manager and SAP Content Server |
Affected:
KRNL64NUC 7.22
Affected: 7.22EXT Affected: KRNL64UC 7.22 Affected: 7.53 Affected: WEBDISP 7.22_EXT Affected: 7.54 Affected: 7.77 Affected: 7.93 Affected: 9.16 Affected: CONTSERV 7.53 Affected: KERNEL 7.22 Affected: 9.18 Affected: 9.19 Affected: 9.20 |
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CVE-2026-75928 (GCVE-0-2026-75928)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-21 16:10 – Updated: 2026-08-21 16:44 Exclusively Hosted Service
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Brushfire unauthenticated information disclosure
Summary
The Brushfire platform's video content streaming application (https://online.brushfire.com) exposes database path in requests to users, allowing a remote, unauthenticated attacker to read information about other users. Fixed February 2026.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · cisa-cg (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-14 17:05 UTC
CWE
- CWE-497 - Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/de… | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-75928 | vdb-entry |
| https://online.brushfire.com/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brushfire | Online Experience |
Affected:
0 , < 2026-02-26
(custom)
Unaffected: 2026-02-26 |
Date Public
2026-08-20 00:00
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CVE-2026-74007 (GCVE-0-2026-74007)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 14:00 – Updated: 2026-08-18 15:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WordPress 3D FlipBook – PDF Flipbook Viewer, Flipbook Image Gallery plugin <= 1.16.20 - Sensitive Data Exposure vulnerability
Summary
Unauthenticated Sensitive Data Exposure in 3D FlipBook – PDF Flipbook Viewer, Flipbook Image Gallery <= 1.16.20 versions.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 15:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-497 - Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/… | vdb-entry |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| iberezansky | 3D FlipBook – PDF Flipbook Viewer, Flipbook Image Gallery |
Affected:
n/a , ≤ 1.16.20
(custom)
|
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CVE-2026-71330 (GCVE-0-2026-71330)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 17:12 – Updated: 2026-10-14 23:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Windows Services for NFS ONCRPC XDR Driver Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Exposure of sensitive system information to an unauthorized control sphere in Windows Services for NFS ONCRPC XDR Driver allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 19:50 UTC
CWE
- CWE-497 - Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
20 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9512
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9245
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.7725
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.7725
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.7582
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.7582
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.9445
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.9445
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 26H1 |
Affected:
10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2954
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26349
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26349
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23398
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23398
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9512
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9512
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9245
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9245
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.5622
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33438
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33438
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-09-08 14:00
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CVE-2026-70261 (GCVE-0-2026-70261)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 19:01 – Updated: 2026-10-16 23:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft Trace Data Helper Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Exposure of sensitive system information to an unauthorized control sphere in Microsoft Trace Data Helper allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-13 20:48 UTC
CWE
- CWE-497 - Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
21 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9612
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9376
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.7807
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.7807
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.7652
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.7652
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.9711
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.9711
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 26H1 |
Affected:
10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.3231
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 26H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26300.0 , < 10.0.26300.9711
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23470
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23470
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9612
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9612
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9376
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9376
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.5761
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33650
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33650
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-10-13 14:00
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{
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],
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"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"datePublic": "2026-10-13T14:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en-US",
"value": "Exposure of sensitive system information to an unauthorized control sphere in Microsoft Trace Data Helper allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 5.5,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en-US",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-497",
"description": "CWE-497: Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere",
"lang": "en-US",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-16T23:24:05.846Z",
"orgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
"shortName": "microsoft"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "Microsoft Trace Data Helper Information Disclosure Vulnerability",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-70261"
}
],
"title": "Microsoft Trace Data Helper Information Disclosure Vulnerability"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
"assignerShortName": "microsoft",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-70261",
"datePublished": "2026-10-13T19:01:09.873Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-08-03T23:56:34.119Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-16T23:24:05.846Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Implementation
Production applications should never use methods that generate internal details such as stack traces and error messages unless that information is directly committed to a log that is not viewable by the end user. All error message text should be HTML entity encoded before being written to the log file to protect against potential cross-site scripting attacks against the viewer of the logs
CAPEC-170: Web Application Fingerprinting
An attacker sends a series of probes to a web application in order to elicit version-dependent and type-dependent behavior that assists in identifying the target. An attacker could learn information such as software versions, error pages, and response headers, variations in implementations of the HTTP protocol, directory structures, and other similar information about the targeted service. This information can then be used by an attacker to formulate a targeted attack plan. While web application fingerprinting is not intended to be damaging (although certain activities, such as network scans, can sometimes cause disruptions to vulnerable applications inadvertently) it may often pave the way for more damaging attacks.
CAPEC-694: System Location Discovery
An adversary collects information about the target system in an attempt to identify the system's geographical location.
Information gathered could include keyboard layout, system language, and timezone. This information may benefit an adversary in confirming the desired target and/or tailoring further attacks.