CWE-416
Weakness AllowedUse After Free
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Stable
The product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory "belongs" to the code that operates on the new pointer.
Mapping guidance
This CWE entry is at the Variant level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.
Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.
Relationships and members
Modes of introduction
Detection methods
Fuzzing
Fuzz testing (fuzzing) is a powerful technique for generating large numbers of diverse inputs - either randomly or algorithmically - and dynamically invoking the code with those inputs. Even with random inputs, it is often capable of generating unexpected results such as crashes, memory corruption, or resource consumption. Fuzzing effectively produces repeatable test cases that clearly indicate bugs, which helps developers to diagnose the issues.
Effectiveness: High
Automated Static Analysis
Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)
Effectiveness: High
Automated Dynamic Analysis
Use tools that are integrated during compilation to insert runtime error-checking mechanisms related to memory safety errors, such as AddressSanitizer (ASan) for C/C++ [REF-1518].
Effectiveness: Moderate
Crafted inputs are necessary to reach the code containing the error, such as generated by fuzzers. Also, these tools may reduce performance, and they only report the error condition - not the original mistake that led to the error.
Content history
Suggested rephrase for extended description
Contributed or reviewed taxonomy mappings for ISA/IEC 62443
Provided diagram to improve CWE usability
updated Potential_Mitigations, Time_of_Introduction
added/updated white box definitions
updated Applicable_Platforms, Common_Consequences, Relationships, Observed_Example, Other_Notes, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Common_Consequences
updated Relationships
updated Potential_Mitigations
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences, Description, Observed_Examples, Other_Notes, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships
updated Description
updated Common_Consequences
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated References, Relationships
updated Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Relationships
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings, White_Box_Definitions
updated Relationships
updated Relationships, Type
updated Relationships
updated References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Description, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Detection_Factors, Relationships, Time_of_Introduction
updated Mapping_Notes, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples
updated Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences, Description, Diagram, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities
updated Relationships
updated Observed_Examples
updated Functional_Areas
updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors, References, Relationships
updated Common_Consequences, Observed_Examples
updated Observed_Examples, References
12544 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-Q2VM-C2RH-9GWX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-29 00:30 – Updated: 2026-04-29 21:31Use after free in GPU in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.138 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-7357"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-28T23:16:23Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Use after free in GPU in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.138 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
"id": "GHSA-q2vm-c2rh-9gwx",
"modified": "2026-04-29T21:31:25Z",
"published": "2026-04-29T00:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-7357"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/04/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_28.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/497047552"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q2WF-7P78-5V25
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-21 00:32 – Updated: 2026-10-21 00:32Use after free in WebAppInstalls in Google Chrome prior to 156.0.8078.47 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-113024"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416",
"CWE-441"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-20T22:18:53Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Use after free in WebAppInstalls in Google Chrome prior to 156.0.8078.47 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-q2wf-7p78-5v25",
"modified": "2026-10-21T00:32:39Z",
"published": "2026-10-21T00:32:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-113024"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/10/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_02018666648.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/533043403"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q2X5-6Q7Q-R872
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-06 22:10 – Updated: 2022-01-07 17:52An issue was discovered in the tremor-script crate before 0.11.6 for Rust. A patch operation may result in a use-after-free.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "crates.io",
"name": "tremor-script"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.7.2"
},
{
"fixed": "0.11.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-45701"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-01-06T13:27:33Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-27T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in the tremor-script crate before 0.11.6 for Rust. A patch operation may result in a use-after-free.",
"id": "GHSA-q2x5-6q7q-r872",
"modified": "2022-01-07T17:52:38Z",
"published": "2022-01-06T22:10:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-45701"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tremor-rs/tremor-runtime/pull/1217"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rustsec/advisory-db/main/crates/tremor-script/RUSTSEC-2021-0111.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2021-0111.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Use After Free in tremor-script"
}
GHSA-Q32C-F6MP-GX6H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-16 00:00Use after free in Managed devices API in Google Chrome prior to 104.0.5112.79 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to enable a specific Enterprise policy to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-2606"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-12T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Use after free in Managed devices API in Google Chrome prior to 104.0.5112.79 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to enable a specific Enterprise policy to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-q32c-f6mp-gx6h",
"modified": "2022-08-16T00:00:24Z",
"published": "2022-08-13T00:00:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2606"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/08/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1330489"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/T4NMJURTG5RO3TGD7ZMIQ6Z4ZZ3SAVYE"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-35"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q337-P577-JXF7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-21 00:32 – Updated: 2026-10-21 00:32Use after free in Paint in Google Chrome prior to 156.0.8078.47 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-113179"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-20T22:19:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Use after free in Paint in Google Chrome prior to 156.0.8078.47 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
"id": "GHSA-q337-p577-jxf7",
"modified": "2026-10-21T00:32:45Z",
"published": "2026-10-21T00:32:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-113179"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/10/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_02018666648.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/572695599"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q33P-C64W-M225
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:05 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:05Use after free in Extensions in Google Chrome prior to 91.0.4472.101 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-30545"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-15T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Use after free in Extensions in Google Chrome prior to 91.0.4472.101 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-q33p-c64w-m225",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:05:34Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:05:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-30545"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2021/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1201031"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ETMZL6IHCTCTREEL434BQ4THQ7EOHJ43"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PAT6EOXVQFE6JFMFQF4IKAOUQSHMHL54"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202107-06"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-Q34Q-MRCH-VM2X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-10 21:30 – Updated: 2024-11-17 15:30In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
spi: fix use-after-free of the add_lock mutex
Commit 6098475d4cb4 ("spi: Fix deadlock when adding SPI controllers on SPI buses") introduced a per-controller mutex. But mutex_unlock() of said lock is called after the controller is already freed:
spi_unregister_controller(ctlr) -> put_device(&ctlr->dev) -> spi_controller_release(dev) -> mutex_unlock(&ctrl->add_lock)
Move the put_device() after the mutex_unlock().
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-47195"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-10T19:15:47Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nspi: fix use-after-free of the add_lock mutex\n\nCommit 6098475d4cb4 (\"spi: Fix deadlock when adding SPI controllers on\nSPI buses\") introduced a per-controller mutex. But mutex_unlock() of\nsaid lock is called after the controller is already freed:\n\n spi_unregister_controller(ctlr)\n -\u003e put_device(\u0026ctlr-\u003edev)\n -\u003e spi_controller_release(dev)\n -\u003e mutex_unlock(\u0026ctrl-\u003eadd_lock)\n\nMove the put_device() after the mutex_unlock().",
"id": "GHSA-q34q-mrch-vm2x",
"modified": "2024-11-17T15:30:44Z",
"published": "2024-04-10T21:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-47195"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/11eab327a2a8bd36c38afbff920ae1bd45588dd4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/37330f37f6666c7739a44b2b6b95b047ccdbed2d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/54c2c96eafcfd242e52e932ab54ace4784efe1dd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6c53b45c71b4920b5e62f0ea8079a1da382b9434"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q355-9R3F-48R9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:37 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:37This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable installations of Foxit Reader 8.3.2.25013. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the app.response method. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code under the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-5294.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16585"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-12-20T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable installations of Foxit Reader 8.3.2.25013. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the app.response method. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code under the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-5294.",
"id": "GHSA-q355-9r3f-48r9",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:37:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:37:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16585"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.foxitsoftware.com/support/security-bulletins.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-17-896"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q356-M8PW-FRV3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:34 – Updated: 2024-01-23 15:30A user authorized to perform database queries may trigger denial of service by issuing specially crafted queries, which use $lookup and collations. This issue affects: MongoDB Inc. MongoDB Server v4.2 versions prior to 4.2.1; v4.0 versions prior to 4.0.13; v3.6 versions prior to 3.6.15.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-2393"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-23T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A user authorized to perform database queries may trigger denial of service by issuing specially crafted queries, which use $lookup and collations. This issue affects: MongoDB Inc. MongoDB Server v4.2 versions prior to 4.2.1; v4.0 versions prior to 4.0.13; v3.6 versions prior to 3.6.15.",
"id": "GHSA-q356-m8pw-frv3",
"modified": "2024-01-23T15:30:55Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:34:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-2393"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.mongodb.org/browse/SERVER-43350"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q362-2HC9-HR5R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:38 – Updated: 2025-04-12 12:46Use-after-free vulnerability in the phar_rename_archive function in phar_object.c in PHP before 5.5.22 and 5.6.x before 5.6.6 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via vectors that trigger an attempted renaming of a Phar archive to the name of an existing file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-2301"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-03-30T10:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Use-after-free vulnerability in the phar_rename_archive function in phar_object.c in PHP before 5.5.22 and 5.6.x before 5.6.6 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via vectors that trigger an attempted renaming of a Phar archive to the name of an existing file.",
"id": "GHSA-q362-2hc9-hr5r",
"modified": "2025-04-12T12:46:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:38:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-2301"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=68901"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1194747"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201606-10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT205267"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.php.net/?p=php-src.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=b2cf3f064b8f5efef89bb084521b61318c71781b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.php.net/?p=php-src.git;a=commit;h=b2cf3f064b8f5efef89bb084521b61318c71781b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2015/Sep/msg00008.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2015-05/msg00005.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2015-04/msg00002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=143403519711434\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=143748090628601\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=144050155601375\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/03/15/6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://php.net/ChangeLog-5.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-1053.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-1066.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-1135.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-1218.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2015/dsa-3198"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2015:079"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/bulletinjul2015-2511963.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/linuxbulletinjan2016-2867209.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/73037"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1031949"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2535-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Choose a language that provides automatic memory management.
Mitigation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
When freeing pointers, be sure to set them to NULL once they are freed. However, the utilization of multiple or complex data structures may lower the usefulness of this strategy.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.