Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-409
AllowedImproper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product does not handle or incorrectly handles a compressed input with a very high compression ratio that produces a large output.
296 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-82864 (GCVE-0-2026-82864)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-31 08:46 – Updated: 2026-10-08 15:25
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
pdfme pdf-lib before 5.5.10 Denial of Service via Decompression Bomb
Summary
pdfme pdf-lib versions before 5.5.10 contain an unbounded buffer growth vulnerability in the DecodeStream.ensureBuffer() method that allows attackers to cause denial of service by supplying a crafted PDF with a FlateDecode stream containing a decompression bomb. Attackers can upload a small compressed PDF that decompresses to hundreds of megabytes, exhausting memory and crashing the Node.js process or freezing browser tabs during PDF parsing.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 16:23 UTC
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/pdfme/pdfme/security/advisorie… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/pdfme-pdf-li… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-03-20 00:00
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CVE-2026-82520 (GCVE-0-2026-82520)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-03 20:39 – Updated: 2026-09-04 18:36 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
parsedmarc < 11.0.1 Zip Bomb DoS via Compressed Email Attachments
Summary
parsedmarc before 11.0.1 decompresses gzip and ZIP attachments in a single unbounded read with no limit on decompressed output size. Because parsedmarc automatically processes incoming DMARC report emails without user interaction, an unauthenticated remote attacker can send a crafted email with a highly compressed attachment to the monitored mailbox, causing the parsedmarc process to allocate memory proportional to the uncompressed size and exhaust available RAM.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 18:35 UTC
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/domainaware/parsedmarc/securit… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/domainaware/parsedmarc/release… | release-notespatch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/parsedmarc-z… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| domainaware | parsedmarc |
Affected:
0 , < 11.0.1
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-09-03 00:00
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CVE-2026-81875 (GCVE-0-2026-81875)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 18:44 – Updated: 2026-09-17 16:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HAPI FHIR: SHCParser unbounded DEFLATE decompression causes denial of service
Summary
HAPI FHIR is a complete implementation of the HL7 FHIR standard for healthcare interoperability in Java. Prior to version 6.9.12, SHCParser in org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/elementmodel/SHCParser.java can consume attacker-controlled Smart Health Card JWT content whose header contains zip: "DEF" and whose small raw-DEFLATE payload expands to a very large value. SHCParser.decodeJWT() passes the decoded payload to SHCParser.inflate(), which accumulates all decompressed bytes in a ByteArrayOutputStream without an output-size limit before JSON parsing, and SHCParser.decompress() contains the same unbounded pattern. An application or validator service that accepts attacker-supplied SHC content can therefore suffer excessive heap allocation, severe garbage-collection pressure, request failure, process instability, or process termination. This issue is fixed in version 6.9.12.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 16:14 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/sec… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/pull/2493 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/com… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/rel… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/rel… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| hapifhir | org.hl7.fhir.core |
Affected:
< 6.9.12
|
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CVE-2026-80189 (GCVE-0-2026-80189)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-25 23:18 – Updated: 2026-08-29 11:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
LeafWiki 0.10.0 through 0.12.0 Uncontrolled Resource Consumption via Unbounded ZIP Extraction
Summary
LeafWiki extracts an uploaded ZIP archive without limiting how much data it will write. ZipExtractor.ExtractToDir in internal/importer/zip_extractor.go opens each entry and copies it to the destination with io.Copy, which runs to the end of the decompressed stream, so only the size of the uploaded archive is bounded and the size it expands to is not. The import route that reaches this code requires the Editor or Admin role, and the upload itself is capped at 500 MiB compressed. Because a ZIP entry can compress at a very high ratio, an archive well inside that cap can expand to hundreds of gigabytes as it is written out. The extraction directory defaults to a location under the operating system temporary directory, so the written data consumes the disk backing that path, which on a tmpfs-backed temporary directory is memory. A user holding the Editor role can therefore exhaust the storage the service depends on and keep it from serving, using far more resource than the upload limit alone would permit.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-26 15:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/perber/leafwiki | product |
| https://github.com/perber/leafwiki/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/perber/leafwiki/blob/v0.12.0/i… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/perber/leafwiki/releases/tag/v0.12.1 | release-notes |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/leafwiki-0.1… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-24 00:00
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CVE-2026-79695 (GCVE-0-2026-79695)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-09 11:31 – Updated: 2026-09-14 13:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Dell SCG 5.0 Appliance versions prior to 5.36.00.16 and Dell SCG 5.0 Application versions prior to 5.36.00.00, contains an Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification) vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to denial of service.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-14 13:09 UTC
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-in/00050342… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dell | Secure Connect Gateway 5.0 - Application |
Affected:
0 , < 5.36.00.00 or later
(semver)
|
|
| Dell | Secure Connect Gateway 5.0 - Appliance |
Affected:
0 , < 5.36.00.16 or later
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-08-31 06:30
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CVE-2026-78594 (GCVE-0-2026-78594)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-02 14:43 – Updated: 2026-09-02 15:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data in APM Server Leading to Persistent Denial of Service
Summary
Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (CWE-409) in APM Server can lead to a persistent denial of service via Excessive Allocation (CAPEC-130). An authenticated user with write access to source map content could store specially crafted, highly compressed content that exhausts the memory available to APM Server when it is later processed, terminating the process. The condition recurs on every restart until the stored content is removed.
Severity
4.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-02 15:44 UTC
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Elastic | Apm Server |
Affected:
8.0.0 , ≤ 8.19.19
(semver)
Affected: 9.0.0 , ≤ 9.4.4 (semver) Affected: 9.5.0 (semver) |
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CVE-2026-78206 (GCVE-0-2026-78206)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-24 00:30 – Updated: 2026-08-29 11:47
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
exceljs through 4.4.0 Uncontrolled Resource Consumption via Unbounded xlsx Decompression
Summary
exceljs through 4.4.0 decompresses all entries from supplied xlsx archives into memory without limits on entry size, total size, or compression ratio. Attackers can upload highly compressed workbooks that expand to gigabytes in memory, exhausting available resources and causing denial of service.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-26 18:09 UTC
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/exceljs/exceljs | product |
| https://github.com/mateocallec/exceljs-hardened/s… | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/exceljs/exceljs/blob/v4.4.0/li… | technical-description |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/exceljs-thro… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-23 00:00
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CVE-2026-77620 (GCVE-0-2026-77620)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-22 15:18 – Updated: 2026-09-22 15:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Vector: Unauthenticated denial of service in the `logstash` source via nested compressed frames (stack exhaustion and decompression amplification).
Summary
Vector is a high-performance observability data pipeline. From 0.15.0 until 0.57.0, the logstash source feeds each decompressed frame back into its decoder without limiting nested compression depth. An unauthenticated remote peer that can reach the default 0.0.0.0:5044 listener can send many nested compressed frames, causing recursive decoding that exhausts the worker thread stack and aborts the process. The same nested construction amplifies decompressed input, and process termination can halt log ingestion for every tenant on a shared pipeline. This issue is fixed in version 0.57.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-22 15:40 UTC
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vectordotdev/vector/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/vectordotdev/vector/pull/25825 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/vectordotdev/vector/commit/57f… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/vectordotdev/vector/releases/t… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| vectordotdev | vector |
Affected:
>= 0.15.0, < 0.57.0
|
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CVE-2026-77528 (GCVE-0-2026-77528)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-18 19:42 – Updated: 2026-09-19 14:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Autobahn Python permessage-deflate bypasses maxMessagePayloadSize after inflation
Summary
Autobahn Python is a WebSocket and WAMP implementation for Python that supports Twisted and asyncio. Prior to 26.7.1, WebSocket endpoints that accept permessage-deflate and rely on maxMessagePayloadSize enforce that limit against the compressed frame length before inflation but do not recheck the decompressed message size before delivery. A remote unauthenticated client can send a valid compressed frame below the configured wire-size limit that expands beyond the application message limit, causing oversized data to be allocated, joined, validated, and passed to application callbacks. This can create resource-exhaustion pressure, but the advisory does not establish confidentiality or integrity impact. This issue is fixed in version 26.7.1.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-19 13:37 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/crossbario/autobahn-python/sec… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/crossbario/autobahn-python/pull/1916 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/crossbario/autobahn-python/com… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/crossbario/autobahn-python/rel… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| crossbario | autobahn-python |
Affected:
< 26.7.1
|
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CVE-2026-77021 (GCVE-0-2026-77021)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-21 10:57 – Updated: 2026-09-21 19:40
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Missing decompression size limit in agent receiver allows memory exhaustion via push agent data
Summary
Improper handling of highly compressed data (data amplification) in Checkmk <2.5.0p14, <2.4.0p37, <2.3.0p51 and 2.2.0 (EOL) allows an attacker who controls a host registered for push mode to exhaust the memory of the agent receiver by sending a small zlib compressed payload that decompresses to an arbitrary size.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-21 14:40 UTC
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://checkmk.com/werk/22116 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Checkmk GmbH | Checkmk |
Affected:
2.5.0 , < 2.5.0p14
(semver)
Affected: 2.4.0 , < 2.4.0p37 (semver) Affected: 2.3.0 , < 2.3.0p51 (semver) Affected: 2.2.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:checkmk:checkmk:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:checkmk:checkmk:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:checkmk:checkmk:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:checkmk:checkmk:2.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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No mitigation information available for this CWE.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.