CWE-400
DiscouragedUncontrolled Resource Consumption
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
5569 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-8Q93-326V-3M7G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-14 16:18 – Updated: 2026-06-09 10:18Impact
Local authenticated users can cause Synapse to starve other requests of CPU and lead to other requests failing, causing other users to be denied service.
Homeservers that trust all their local users are not at risk.
Patches
Update to Synapse 1.152.1 or later.
Workarounds
If Synapse is deployed behind a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy could be configured to limit the rate of user requests, preventing or increasing the difficulty of the attack.
Identifiers
- ELEMENTSEC-2026-1706
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please email us at security at element.io.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "matrix-synapse"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.152.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-45078"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-14T16:18:40Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-28T17:16:31Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nLocal authenticated users can cause Synapse to starve other requests of CPU and lead to other requests failing, causing other users to be denied service.\n\nHomeservers that trust all their local users are not at risk.\n\n### Patches\n\nUpdate to Synapse 1.152.1 or later.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf Synapse is deployed behind a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy could be configured to limit the rate of user requests,\npreventing or increasing the difficulty of the attack.\n\n### Identifiers\n\n- ELEMENTSEC-2026-1706\n\n### For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please email us at [security at element.io](mailto:security@element.io).",
"id": "GHSA-8q93-326v-3m7g",
"modified": "2026-06-09T10:18:03Z",
"published": "2026-05-14T16:18:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/element-hq/synapse/security/advisories/GHSA-8q93-326v-3m7g"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45078"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/element-hq/synapse/issues/19394"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/element-hq/synapse/commit/3f58bc50dfba5768ee43ce48c5e74c25ba0b078a"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/element-hq/synapse"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/matrix-synapse/PYSEC-2026-191.yaml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Synapse CPU starvation (Denial of Service)"
}
GHSA-8QP7-8Q8F-4335
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-08 18:30 – Updated: 2024-09-04 15:30In Helix Core versions prior to 2023.2, an unauthenticated remote Denial of Service (DoS) via the commit function was identified. Reported by Jason Geffner.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-45319"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-08T16:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In Helix Core versions prior to 2023.2, an unauthenticated remote Denial of Service (DoS) via the commit function was identified. Reported by Jason Geffner.\u00a0\n",
"id": "GHSA-8qp7-8q8f-4335",
"modified": "2024-09-04T15:30:31Z",
"published": "2023-11-08T18:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45319"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://perforce.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8QV2-5VQ6-G2G7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-25 00:12 – Updated: 2023-09-06 17:36When this crate is given a pathological certificate chain to validate, it will spend CPU time exponential with the number of candidate certificates at each step of path building.
Both TLS clients and TLS servers that accept client certificate are affected.
This was previously reported in https://github.com/briansmith/webpki/issues/69.
rustls-webpki is a fork of this crate which contains a fix for this issue and is actively maintained.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.22.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "crates.io",
"name": "webpki"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.22.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-08-25T00:12:39Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "When this crate is given a pathological certificate chain to validate, it will spend CPU time exponential with the number of candidate certificates at each step of path building.\n\nBoth TLS clients and TLS servers that accept client certificate are affected.\n\nThis was previously reported in https://github.com/briansmith/webpki/issues/69.\n\n`rustls-webpki` is a fork of this crate which contains a fix for this issue and is actively maintained.",
"id": "GHSA-8qv2-5vq6-g2g7",
"modified": "2023-09-06T17:36:28Z",
"published": "2023-08-25T00:12:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/briansmith/webpki/issues/69"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/briansmith/webpki/issues/69#issuecomment-1699894848"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/briansmith/webpki/commit/30a108e0802fd09585e0d071013f24b8272d139b"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/briansmith/webpki"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/crypto-com/sgx-vendor"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2023-0052.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "webpki: CPU denial of service in certificate path building"
}
GHSA-8QWH-6R32-9V26
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-06 06:30 – Updated: 2024-01-12 21:30Autel EVO NANO drone flight control firmware version 1.6.5 is vulnerable to denial of service (DoS).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-50121"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-06T05:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Autel EVO NANO drone flight control firmware version 1.6.5 is vulnerable to denial of service (DoS).",
"id": "GHSA-8qwh-6r32-9v26",
"modified": "2024-01-12T21:30:18Z",
"published": "2024-01-06T06:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-50121"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Drone-Lab/Reports-of-AUTEL-drones-losing-control-at-the-edge-of-the-no-fly-zone/tree/main"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8R35-6Q65-M8QM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:49 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:49A vulnerability in filesystem usage management for Cisco Firepower Device Manager (FDM) Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to exhaust filesystem resources, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to the insufficient management of available filesystem resources. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by uploading files to the device and exhausting available filesystem resources. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause database errors and cause the device to become unresponsive to web-based management. Manual intervention is required to free filesystem resources and return the device to an operational state.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1489"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-04-29T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in filesystem usage management for Cisco Firepower Device Manager (FDM) Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to exhaust filesystem resources, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to the insufficient management of available filesystem resources. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by uploading files to the device and exhausting available filesystem resources. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause database errors and cause the device to become unresponsive to web-based management. Manual intervention is required to free filesystem resources and return the device to an operational state.",
"id": "GHSA-8r35-6q65-m8qm",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:49:15Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:49:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1489"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-fdm-dos-nFES8xTN"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-8R4G-CG4M-X23C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-09-22 18:22 – Updated: 2025-10-03 18:27All versions of node-static are vulnerable to a Denial of Service. The package fails to catch an exception when user input includes null bytes. This allows attackers to access http://host/%00 and crash the server.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "node-static"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "0.7.11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-248",
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-09-22T18:21:20Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "All versions of node-static are vulnerable to a Denial of Service. The package fails to catch an exception when user input includes null bytes. This allows attackers to access `http://host/%00` and crash the server.",
"id": "GHSA-8r4g-cg4m-x23c",
"modified": "2025-10-03T18:27:42Z",
"published": "2021-09-22T18:22:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11149"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cloudhead/node-static/pull/213"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/github/advisory-database/pull/6248"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/cloudhead/node-static"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cloudhead/node-static/blob/643a528ec7bbd05a59c4030655d94810570afb3f/CHANGES.md#-unreleased"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-NODESTATIC-1297183"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "Denial of Service in node-static"
}
GHSA-8R4X-GQ7M-X9Q4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-21 21:33 – Updated: 2025-10-21 21:33Vulnerability in the Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Kit product of Oracle Systems (component: Remote Replication). The supported version that is affected is 8.8. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Kit. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Kit. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-62477"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-21T20:20:54Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Kit product of Oracle Systems (component: Remote Replication). The supported version that is affected is 8.8. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Kit. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Kit. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-8r4x-gq7m-x9q4",
"modified": "2025-10-21T21:33:44Z",
"published": "2025-10-21T21:33:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62477"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2025.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8R87-V86X-7QM3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:17 – Updated: 2022-07-08 00:00Uncontrolled resource consumption in MELSEC iQ-R series C Controller Module R12CCPU-V all versions allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition by sending a large number of packets in a short time while the module starting up.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-20600"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-08T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Uncontrolled resource consumption in MELSEC iQ-R series C Controller Module R12CCPU-V all versions allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition by sending a large number of packets in a short time while the module starting up.",
"id": "GHSA-8r87-v86x-7qm3",
"modified": "2022-07-08T00:00:45Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:17:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-20600"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/vu/JVNVU94914666/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-280-04"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mitsubishielectric.com/en/psirt/vulnerability/pdf/2021-015_en.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8RH3-RVV2-3MR4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-17 21:31 – Updated: 2026-02-17 21:31A vulnerability in the management API of the affected product could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to trigger service restarts. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to disrupt services and negatively impact system availability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-23596"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-288",
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-17T21:22:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the management API of the affected product could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to trigger service restarts. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to disrupt services and negatively impact system availability.",
"id": "GHSA-8rh3-rvv2-3mr4",
"modified": "2026-02-17T21:31:15Z",
"published": "2026-02-17T21:31:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23596"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpesc/public/docDisplay?docId=hpesbnw05002en_us\u0026docLocale=en_US"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8RM2-7QQF-34QM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-05 19:34 – Updated: 2026-06-08 16:22Impact
The remote read endpoint (/api/v1/read) does not validate the declared decoded length in a snappy-compressed request body before allocating memory.
An unauthenticated attacker can send a small payload that causes a huge heap allocation per request. Under concurrent load this can exhaust available memory and crash the Prometheus process.
Patches
Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to?
Fixed in 3.11.3 and 3.5.3 LTS. Users should upgrade to these versions or later.
Workarounds
User who can not upgrade can place Prometheus behind a reverse proxy or firewall that requires authentication before requests reach /api/v1/read.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/prometheus/prometheus"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.306.0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.311.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/prometheus/prometheus"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.305.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/prometheus/prometheus"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.0.0-rc.0"
},
{
"last_affected": "2.5.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-42154"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-789"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-05T19:34:05Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-04T19:16:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nThe remote read endpoint (`/api/v1/read`) does not validate the declared decoded length in a snappy-compressed request body before allocating memory.\nAn unauthenticated attacker can send a small payload that causes a huge heap allocation per request. Under concurrent load this can exhaust available memory and crash the Prometheus process.\n\n### Patches\n_Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to?_\n\nFixed in 3.11.3 and 3.5.3 LTS. Users should upgrade to these versions or later.\n\n### Workarounds\nUser who can not upgrade can place Prometheus behind a reverse proxy or firewall that requires authentication before requests reach /api/v1/read.",
"id": "GHSA-8rm2-7qqf-34qm",
"modified": "2026-06-08T16:22:14Z",
"published": "2026-05-05T19:34:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/security/advisories/GHSA-8rm2-7qqf-34qm"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42154"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/pull/18584"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/pull/18585"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/tag/v3.11.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/tag/v3.5.3"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Prometheus: Remote read endpoint allows denial of service via crafted snappy payload"
}
Mitigation
Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.
Mitigation
- Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
- The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
- The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
- recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
- uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.
Mitigation
Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.
CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death
An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.
CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement
An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.
CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup
An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.