Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-400

Discouraged

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.

5572 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-779H-3R69-4F5P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-14 15:30 – Updated: 2025-01-06 22:13
VLAI
Summary
json-io vulnerable to stack exhaustion
Details

An issue was discovered json-io through 4.14.0 allows attackers to cause a denial of service or other unspecified impacts via crafted object that uses cyclic dependencies.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.cedarsoftware:json-io"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.14.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-34610"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-06-14T21:04:22Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-14T14:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered json-io through 4.14.0 allows attackers to cause a denial of service or other unspecified impacts via crafted object that uses cyclic dependencies.",
  "id": "GHSA-779h-3r69-4f5p",
  "modified": "2025-01-06T22:13:08Z",
  "published": "2023-06-14T15:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-34610"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jdereg/json-io/issues/169"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jdereg/json-io/issues/174"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jdereg/json-io"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "json-io vulnerable to stack exhaustion"
}

GHSA-77HF-7FQF-F227

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-03 21:32 – Updated: 2026-03-03 21:32
VLAI
Summary
OpenClaw skills-install-download: tar.bz2 extraction bypassed archive safety parity checks (local DoS)
Details

Summary

The tar.bz2 installer path in src/agents/skills-install-download.ts used shell tar preflight/extract logic that did not share the same hardening guarantees as the centralized archive extractor.

This allowed crafted .tar.bz2 archives to bypass special-entry blocking and extracted-size guardrails enforced on other archive paths, causing local availability impact during skill install.

Affected Packages / Versions

  • Package: openclaw (npm)
  • Latest published at triage time: 2026.3.1
  • Affected range: <= 2026.3.1
  • Patched in: 2026.3.2 (released)

Impact

Local DoS / availability impact when processing untrusted .tar.bz2 skill archives.

Fix Commit(s)

  • 0dbb92dd2bcf9a32379d11c0f11ed016669dae3e

Related advisories

  • Canonical overlap (closed): GHSA-3pj7-x8jr-jvj8
  • Duplicate variant (closed): GHSA-rgr7-g85h-6v82
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2026.3.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.3.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-409"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-03T21:32:35Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nThe `tar.bz2` installer path in `src/agents/skills-install-download.ts` used shell tar preflight/extract logic that did not share the same hardening guarantees as the centralized archive extractor.\n\nThis allowed crafted `.tar.bz2` archives to bypass special-entry blocking and extracted-size guardrails enforced on other archive paths, causing local availability impact during skill install.\n\n### Affected Packages / Versions\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Latest published at triage time: `2026.3.1`\n- Affected range: `\u003c= 2026.3.1`\n- Patched in: `2026.3.2` (released)\n\n### Impact\nLocal DoS / availability impact when processing untrusted `.tar.bz2` skill archives.\n\n### Fix Commit(s)\n- `0dbb92dd2bcf9a32379d11c0f11ed016669dae3e`\n\n### Related advisories\n- Canonical overlap (closed): GHSA-3pj7-x8jr-jvj8\n- Duplicate variant (closed): GHSA-rgr7-g85h-6v82",
  "id": "GHSA-77hf-7fqf-f227",
  "modified": "2026-03-03T21:32:36Z",
  "published": "2026-03-03T21:32:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-77hf-7fqf-f227"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/0dbb92dd2bcf9a32379d11c0f11ed016669dae3e"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenClaw skills-install-download: tar.bz2 extraction bypassed archive safety parity checks (local DoS)"
}

GHSA-77J7-VM29-RWWV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-31 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in Outline.cc for Poppler prior to 23.06.0 allows a remote attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) (crash) via a crafted PDF file in OutlineItem::open.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-34872"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-31T14:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in Outline.cc for Poppler prior to 23.06.0 allows a remote attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) (crash) via a crafted PDF file in OutlineItem::open.",
  "id": "GHSA-77j7-vm29-rwwv",
  "modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:37Z",
  "published": "2023-07-31T15:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-34872"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/commit/591235c8b6c65a2eee88991b9ae73490fd9afdfe"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/issues/1399"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3XXL3L6RJOTLGCN7GLH2OLLNF4FJ4T7I"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/JQ3NYJ43U2MA7COKGMJDARZUAAOP45D4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SFBT75QHBWNMSDAHSXZQ2I3PBJWID36K"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/W3H3GOWFE3C7543GMEN7LY4GWMWJ7D2G"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3XXL3L6RJOTLGCN7GLH2OLLNF4FJ4T7I"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/JQ3NYJ43U2MA7COKGMJDARZUAAOP45D4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-77MG-86WC-VJ3G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:00 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:36
VLAI
Details

Logstash versions before 7.4.1 and 6.8.4 contain a denial of service flaw in the Logstash Beats input plugin. An unauthenticated user who is able to connect to the port the Logstash beats input could send a specially crafted network packet that would cause Logstash to stop responding.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-7620"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-10-30T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Logstash versions before 7.4.1 and 6.8.4 contain a denial of service flaw in the Logstash Beats input plugin. An unauthenticated user who is able to connect to the port the Logstash beats input could send a specially crafted network packet that would cause Logstash to stop responding.",
  "id": "GHSA-77mg-86wc-vj3g",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T02:36:47Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:00:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7620"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://discuss.elastic.co/t/elastic-stack-6-8-4-security-update/204908"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://discuss.elastic.co/t/elastic-stack-7-4-1-security-update/204909"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.elastic.co/community/security"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-77PJ-5756-VFX3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:22 – Updated: 2023-02-02 15:30
VLAI
Details

A flaw was found in all Samba versions before 4.10.17, before 4.11.11 and before 4.12.4 in the way it processed NetBios over TCP/IP. This flaw allows a remote attacker could to cause the Samba server to consume excessive CPU use, resulting in a denial of service. This highest threat from this vulnerability is to system availability.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-10745"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-07-07T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was found in all Samba versions before 4.10.17, before 4.11.11 and before 4.12.4 in the way it processed NetBios over TCP/IP. This flaw allows a remote attacker could to cause the Samba server to consume excessive CPU use, resulting in a denial of service. This highest threat from this vulnerability is to system availability.",
  "id": "GHSA-77pj-5756-vfx3",
  "modified": "2023-02-02T15:30:37Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:22:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-10745"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1849491;"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/11/msg00041.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/6YLNQ5GRXUKYRUAOFZ4DUBVN4SMTL6Q2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202007-15"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.samba.org/samba/security/CVE-2020-10745.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-07/msg00030.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-07/msg00054.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-09/msg00002.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-783C-8P76-PRG6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:19 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:19
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in Foxit Reader and PhantomPDF before 9.7. It allows memory consumption because data is created for each page of an application level.

Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-20818"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-06-04T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Foxit Reader and PhantomPDF before 9.7. It allows memory consumption because data is created for each page of an application level.",
  "id": "GHSA-783c-8p76-prg6",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:19:13Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:19:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-20818"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.foxitsoftware.com/support/security-bulletins.php"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-784J-68HM-864C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-10 21:31 – Updated: 2025-03-11 03:30
VLAI
Details

The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 18 and iPadOS 18, macOS Sequoia 15. An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-44227"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-10T19:15:38Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 18 and iPadOS 18, macOS Sequoia 15. An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory.",
  "id": "GHSA-784j-68hm-864c",
  "modified": "2025-03-11T03:30:49Z",
  "published": "2025-03-10T21:31:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-44227"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121238"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121250"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-785G-R934-C877

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-02 21:30 – Updated: 2025-06-12 03:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in gorhill uBlock Origin up to 1.63.3b16. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is the function currentStateChanged of the file src/js/1p-filters.js of the component UI. The manipulation leads to inefficient regular expression complexity. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 1.63.3b17 is able to address this issue. The patch is identified as eaedaf5b10d2f7857c6b77fbf7d4a80681d4d46c. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.

Severity
3.1 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
2.3 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-4215"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333",
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-02T21:15:23Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in gorhill uBlock Origin up to 1.63.3b16. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is the function currentStateChanged of the file src/js/1p-filters.js of the component UI. The manipulation leads to inefficient regular expression complexity. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 1.63.3b17 is able to address this issue. The patch is identified as eaedaf5b10d2f7857c6b77fbf7d4a80681d4d46c. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.",
  "id": "GHSA-785g-r934-c877",
  "modified": "2025-06-12T03:30:25Z",
  "published": "2025-05-02T21:30:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4215"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/commit/eaedaf5b10d2f7857c6b77fbf7d4a80681d4d46c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/releases/tag/1.63.3b17"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/06/msg00013.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.307194"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.307194"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.562301"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-785H-4HH2-8XHW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:31 – Updated: 2022-10-29 12:00
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in the licensing service of Cisco Firepower Management Center (FMC) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition.The vulnerability is due to improper handling of system resource values by the affected system. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending malicious requests to the targeted system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the affected system to become unresponsive, resulting in a DoS condition and preventing the management of dependent devices.

Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-3499"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-10-21T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in the licensing service of Cisco Firepower Management Center (FMC) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition.The vulnerability is due to improper handling of system resource values by the affected system. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending malicious requests to the targeted system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the affected system to become unresponsive, resulting in a DoS condition and preventing the management of dependent devices.",
  "id": "GHSA-785h-4hh2-8xhw",
  "modified": "2022-10-29T12:00:36Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:31:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-3499"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-ftdfmc-dos-NjYvDcLA"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7889-V87R-4Q9R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:56 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:56
VLAI
Details

The Linux kernel 4.14.67 mishandles certain interaction among XFRM Netlink messages, IPPROTO_AH packets, and IPPROTO_IP packets, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (memory consumption and system hang) by leveraging root access to execute crafted applications, as demonstrated on CentOS 7.

Severity
4.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-17977"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-10-08T17:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Linux kernel 4.14.67 mishandles certain interaction among XFRM Netlink messages, IPPROTO_AH packets, and IPPROTO_IP packets, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (memory consumption and system hang) by leveraging root access to execute crafted applications, as demonstrated on CentOS 7.",
  "id": "GHSA-7889-v87r-4q9r",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T01:56:39Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T01:56:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-17977"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2018/10/05/5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105539"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
  • The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
  • The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
  • recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
  • uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.

Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.

CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death

An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.

CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement

An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.

CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup

An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.

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