CWE-400

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-20922"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-26T21:18:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In setMimeGroup of PackageManagerService.java, there is a possible crash loop due to resource exhaustion. This could lead to local denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11 Android-12 Android-12L Android-13Android ID: A-237291548",
  "id": "GHSA-2v8g-w9jx-fc2w",
  "modified": "2023-02-01T21:30:24Z",
  "published": "2023-01-26T21:30:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-20922"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2023-01-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-46658"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-01-29T23:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "save_window_function_values in MariaDB before 10.6.3 allows an application crash because of incorrect handling of with_window_func=true for a subquery.",
  "id": "GHSA-2vgr-c24v-3xf3",
  "modified": "2022-03-17T00:06:06Z",
  "published": "2022-01-31T00:00:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46658"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jira.mariadb.org/browse/MDEV-25630"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mariadb.com/kb/en/security"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20220221-0002"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-5961"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-03-12T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "NVIDIA vGPU graphics driver for guest OS contains a vulnerability in which an incorrect resource clean up on a failure path can impact the guest VM, leading to denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-2vhp-vv3f-jj79",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:11:20Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:11:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5961"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/4996"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-27508"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-26T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Unauthenticated denial of service",
  "id": "GHSA-2vw3-r555-jwcc",
  "modified": "2023-02-01T21:30:22Z",
  "published": "2023-01-26T21:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-27508"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.citrix.com/article/CTX457048/citrix-adc-and-citrix-gateway-security-bulletin-for-cve202227507-and-cve202227508"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-13940"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-02-11T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU family (incl. SIPLUS variants) (All versions \u003c V4.1), SIMATIC S7-300 PN/DP CPU family (incl. related ET200 CPUs and SIPLUS variants) (All versions), SIMATIC S7-400 PN/DP V6 and below CPU family (incl. SIPLUS variants) (All versions), SIMATIC S7-400 PN/DP V7 CPU family (incl. SIPLUS variants) (All versions). Affected devices contain a vulnerability that could cause a Denial-of-Service condition of the web server by sending specially crafted HTTP requests to ports 80/tcp and 443/tcp. The security vulnerability could be exploited by an attacker with network access to an affected device. Successful exploitation requires no system privileges and no user interaction. An attacker could use the vulnerability to compromise the availability of the device\u2019s web server. Beyond the web service, no other functions or interfaces are affected by the Denial-of-Service condition.",
  "id": "GHSA-2w4m-xhc4-2cxx",
  "modified": "2023-01-10T12:30:26Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T22:28:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-13940"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-431678.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-20-042-05"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2026.3.28"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.3.31"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-41400"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-03T03:13:35Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-28T19:37:43Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\nIncomplete fix for CVE-2026-32062: voice-call still parses large WebSocket frames before start validation\n\n## Current Maintainer Triage\n- Normalized severity: medium\n- Assessment: v2026.3.28 still parses oversized pre-start voice-call WebSocket frames before start validation, and the unreleased maxPayload fix confirms the shipped resource-consumption bug remains open.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Latest published npm version: `2026.3.31`\n- Vulnerable version range: `\u003c=2026.3.28`\n- Patched versions: `\u003e= 2026.3.31`\n- First stable tag containing the fix: `v2026.3.31`\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n- `9abcfdadf591bf266d85fbdfe14ae833e557a110` \u2014 2026-03-31T19:47:10+09:00\n\nOpenClaw thanks @Kazamayc for reporting.",
  "id": "GHSA-2w79-r9g8-wmcr",
  "modified": "2026-05-06T02:40:46Z",
  "published": "2026-04-03T03:13:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-2w79-r9g8-wmcr"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41400"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/9abcfdadf591bf266d85fbdfe14ae833e557a110"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/tag/v2026.3.31"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-resource-consumption-via-oversized-websocket-frames-in-voice-call"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenClaw: Voice-call still parses large WebSocket frames before start validation (Incomplete fix for CVE-2026-32062)"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-10344"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-11T14:15:14Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Helix Core versions prior to 2024.2, an unauthenticated remote Denial of Service (DoS) via the refuse function was identified.  Reported by Karol Wi\u0119sek.",
  "id": "GHSA-2w8x-pfh9-cp77",
  "modified": "2024-11-12T15:30:39Z",
  "published": "2024-11-11T15:31:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10344"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.perforce.com/s/detail/a91PA000001SZOrYAO"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-5522"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-17T10:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Mattermost Mobile fails to limit\u00a0the maximum number of Markdown elements in a post allowing an attacker to send a post with hundreds of emojis to a channel and\u00a0freeze the mobile app of users when viewing that particular channel.\u00a0\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-2w9p-mj8f-374x",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T08:42:56Z",
  "published": "2023-10-17T12:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-5522"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mattermost.com/security-updates"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.8.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "soupsieve"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.8.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-49476"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-09T13:37:40Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nThe CSS selector parser in soupsieve (the CSS selector engine for Beautiful Soup 4) allocates unbounded memory when compiling large comma-separated selector lists. An attacker who can supply a crafted CSS selector string to `soupsieve.compile()` or Beautiful Soup\u0027s `.select()` / `.select_one()` can cause the application to allocate hundreds of megabytes of heap memory from a relatively small input, leading to memory exhaustion and denial of service.\n\nTo be completely transparent, AI tools helped surface this issue. However, it was independently reproduced and carefully validated. Researchers follow responsible disclosure practices and originally shared this report privately.\n\nA **500 KB** selector string triggers allocation of approximately **244 MB** of heap memory - a 488x\u2014 amplification ratio**.\n\n### Details\n\n**Affected code:** `soupsieve/css_parser.py`, lines ~204, 925, 1106\n\nThe soupsieve CSS parser splits comma-separated selector lists and creates one `CSSSelector` object per list item. Each `CSSSelector` object contains parsed selector data structures including `SelectorList`, `Selector`, and associated tag/attribute/pseudo-class metadata.\n\nWhen a selector string such as `a,a,a,...` (with 250,000 comma-separated items) is passed to `sv.compile()`, the parser:\n\n1. Tokenises the entire string and identifies each comma-delimited segment (line ~1106)\n2. Parses each segment into a full `Selector` object with all associated metadata (line ~925)\n3. Stores all parsed selectors in a `SelectorList` (line ~204)\n\n**Root cause:** No limit is enforced on the number of selectors in a comma-separated list. The parser will attempt to parse and store an arbitrary number of selectors, with each selector object consuming approximately **976 bytes** of heap memory. The total allocation scales linearly with the number of list items, but the amplification ratio (output memory / input bytes) is extremely high because each single-character selector like `a` expands into a complex object graph.\n\n**Attack surface:** Any application that passes user-supplied CSS selectors to `soupsieve.compile()` or Beautiful Soup\u0027s `.select()` / `.select_one()`.\n\n### Proof of Concept\n\n```python\nimport tracemalloc\nimport soupsieve as sv\n\ntracemalloc.start()\n\n# Build a 500 KB selector string: \"a,a,a,...,a\" (250,000 items)\ncount = 250_000\nselector = \",\".join(\"a\" for _ in range(count))\nprint(f\"Selector string size: {len(selector):,} bytes ({len(selector) / 1024:.0f} KB)\")\n\n# Compile the selector \u00e2\u20ac\u201d this allocates ~244 MB\ncompiled = sv.compile(selector)\n\ncurrent, peak = tracemalloc.get_traced_memory()\ntracemalloc.stop()\n\nprint(f\"Compiled selector count: {len(compiled.selectors):,}\")\nprint(f\"Current memory: {current / 1024 / 1024:.1f} MB\")\nprint(f\"Peak memory: {peak / 1024 / 1024:.1f} MB\")\nprint(f\"Amplification ratio: {peak / len(selector):.0f}x\")\n\n# Expected output:\n# Selector string size: 499,999 bytes (488 KB)\n# Compiled selector count: 250,000\n# Current memory: ~244 MB\n# Peak memory: ~244 MB\n# Amplification ratio: ~488x\n```\n\n### Impact\n\n**Severity: High**\n\nAn attacker can exhaust available memory on any server-side Python application that compiles user-supplied CSS selectors via soupsieve. This can cause:\n\n- **OOM kills** in containerised deployments (Kubernetes pods, Docker containers) with memory limits\n- **Swap thrashing** on bare-metal servers, degrading performance for all co-located processes\n- **Process termination** via Python\u0027s `MemoryError` exception if the system runs out of addressable memory\n\n| Parameter | Value |\n|---|---|\n| Input size | ~500 KB selector string |\n| Memory allocated | ~244 MB |\n| Amplification ratio | ~488\u00c3\u2014 |\n| Per-object overhead | ~976 bytes per selector |\n| Authentication required | None |\n| User interaction required | None |\n\n**Scalability of attack:** The memory allocation scales linearly - doubling the selector count doubles memory usage. An attacker can tune the payload to exactly exhaust a target\u0027s memory limits. Multiple concurrent requests multiply the effect.\n\n**Downstream exposure:** soupsieve is an automatic dependency of `beautifulsoup4`, one of the most widely installed Python packages. Any web application accepting CSS selectors from users (e.g., web scraping APIs, content filtering tools, CMS preview features) is potentially affected.\n\n---\n### Credit\n\nDiscovered by a security research team from the University of Sydney, focused on detecting open source software vulnerabilities.\nLiyi Zhou: https://lzhou1110.github.io/\nZiyue Wang: https://zyy0530.github.io/\nStrick: https://str1ckl4nd.github.io/\nMaurice: https://maurice.busystar.org/\nChenchen Yu: https://7thparkk.github.io/",
  "id": "GHSA-2wc2-fm75-p42x",
  "modified": "2026-07-09T13:37:40Z",
  "published": "2026-07-09T13:37:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/facelessuser/soupsieve/security/advisories/GHSA-2wc2-fm75-p42x"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/facelessuser/soupsieve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Soup Sieve has Memory Exhaustion via Large Comma-Separated Selector Lists"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-63015"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-20T16:17:28Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in Apache InLong.\u00a0Non-template responsible persons can view template information.\n\nThis issue affects Apache InLong: from 2.0.0 before 2.4.0.\n\n\n\nUsers are advised to upgrade to Apache InLong\u0027s  2.4.0\u00a0or cherry-pick [1] to solve it.\n\n[1] \n\n https://github.com/apache/inlong/pull/12093 https://github.com/apache/inlong/pull/11732",
  "id": "GHSA-2wf7-pq8q-vp44",
  "modified": "2026-08-20T18:30:52Z",
  "published": "2026-08-20T18:30:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-63015"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/b7bvsg59bo619rywwpd7tj66rkzz62k4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/08/20/9"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}