Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-367
AllowedTime-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product checks the state of a resource before using that resource, but the resource's state can change between the check and the use in a way that invalidates the results of the check.
1407 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-20492 (GCVE-0-2026-20492)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-03 02:05 – Updated: 2026-08-03 19:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In Audio HAL, there is a possible system becoming unresponsive due to a race condition. This could lead to local denial of service with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS10960026 (Note: For MT6880, MT6890, MT6990, MT6988) / AUTO00851250 (Note: For MT2735, MT2737); Issue ID: MSV-7583.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-03 19:46 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MediaTek, Inc. | MediaTek chipset |
Affected:
MT2735
Affected: MT2737 Affected: MT6880 Affected: MT6890 Affected: MT6988 Affected: MT6990 |
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CVE-2026-20474 (GCVE-0-2026-20474)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-03 02:05 – Updated: 2026-08-05 03:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In display, there is a possible escalation of privilege due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS11019183; Issue ID: MSV-7758.
Severity
6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-04 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MediaTek, Inc. | MediaTek chipset |
Affected:
MT6991
Affected: MT6993 Affected: MT8126 Affected: MT8171 Affected: MT8188 Affected: MT8189 Affected: MT8367 Affected: MT8668 Affected: MT8676 Affected: MT8678 Affected: MT8766 Affected: MT8768 Affected: MT8781 Affected: MT8786 Affected: MT8791T Affected: MT8799 Affected: MT8910 |
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CVE-2026-20454 (GCVE-0-2026-20454)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-01 03:20 – Updated: 2026-06-02 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In geniezone, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS10873936; Issue ID: MSV-6786.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-01 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MediaTek, Inc. | MediaTek chipset |
Affected:
MT6739
Affected: MT6761 Affected: MT6765 Affected: MT6768 Affected: MT6781 Affected: MT6789 Affected: MT6835 Affected: MT6853 Affected: MT6855 Affected: MT6877 Affected: MT6878 Affected: MT6879 Affected: MT6883 Affected: MT6885 Affected: MT6886 Affected: MT6889 Affected: MT6893 Affected: MT6895 Affected: MT6897 Affected: MT6899 Affected: MT6983 Affected: MT6985 Affected: MT6989 Affected: MT6991 Affected: MT8673 Affected: MT8765 Affected: MT8766 Affected: MT8768 Affected: MT8781 Affected: MT8786 Affected: MT8788 Affected: MT8791T Affected: MT8793 Affected: MT8797 Affected: MT8798 Affected: MT8910 |
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"status": "affected",
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"status": "affected",
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "MT8781"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "MT8786"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "MT8788"
},
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"status": "affected",
"version": "MT8791T"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "MT8793"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "MT8797"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "MT8798"
},
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}
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}
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CVE-2026-20445 (GCVE-0-2026-20445)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-02 08:39 – Updated: 2026-03-30 13:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In MDDP, there is a possible system crash due to a race condition. This could lead to local denial of service if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS10289875; Issue ID: MSV-5184.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-02 13:21 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MediaTek, Inc. | MediaTek chipset |
Affected:
MT6835
Affected: MT6855 Affected: MT6878 Affected: MT6879 Affected: MT6883 Affected: MT6885 Affected: MT6886 Affected: MT6889 Affected: MT6893 Affected: MT6895 Affected: MT6897 Affected: MT6899 Affected: MT6983 Affected: MT6985 Affected: MT6989 Affected: MT6991 Affected: MT6993 Affected: MT8188 Affected: MT8678 Affected: MT8755 Affected: MT8771 Affected: MT8797 Affected: MT8798 |
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"status": "affected",
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"status": "affected",
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"status": "affected",
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"status": "affected",
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"status": "affected",
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"status": "affected",
"version": "MT6993"
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"status": "affected",
"version": "MT8188"
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"version": "MT8678"
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"status": "affected",
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"status": "affected",
"version": "MT8798"
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CVE-2026-20438 (GCVE-0-2026-20438)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-02 08:39 – Updated: 2026-03-30 13:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In MAE, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS10431920; Issue ID: MSV-5835.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-02 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MediaTek, Inc. | MediaTek chipset |
Affected:
MT2718
Affected: MT6899 Affected: MT6991 Affected: MT8168 Affected: MT8169 Affected: MT8186 Affected: MT8188 Affected: MT8678 Affected: MT8695 Affected: MT8696 Affected: MT8793 |
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GCVE-1-2026-20315 (CVE-2026-107276)
Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-10-07 15:36 – Updated: 2026-10-07 15:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
MISP Email OTP Race Condition Allows One-Time Password to Be Consumed by Multiple Concurrent Requests
Summary
MISP contains a race condition in the email-based one-time password (OTP) login flow. When two HTTP requests carrying the same valid OTP are submitted concurrently, both can successfully authenticate and establish a session. The root cause is that the OTP value is read from the shared store, validated, and then deleted in separate non-atomic steps, allowing a second in-flight request to read the same value before the first request's deletion takes effect.
Preconditions:
- The target MISP instance has email OTP login enabled.
- The attacker possesses a valid, unexpired OTP (e.g., via email interception or social engineering).
- The attacker can issue two HTTP POST requests in close temporal proximity.
Impact:
- The one-time-use guarantee of the OTP is violated; a single code can yield two authenticated sessions.
- This weakens the authentication control and may facilitate unauthorized access if the OTP is shared or intercepted.
Affected versions: <2.5.48
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
Supplier · CNA (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 15:34 UTC
CWE
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/ba95e67d5 | patch |
Impacted products
GCVE extensions
AI-generated
Human-reviewed
Confidence: medium
Model
qwen3.8:27b
1 event
advisory
bcp-05-x-01bcp-05-x-02bcp-05-x-03
Draft vulnerability metadata was generated from a git-format patch using an Ollama-hosted language model. Human validation is required before publication.
ai-computer-assisted:llm-generatedai-computer-assisted:classification
| Model | Source | Identifier |
|---|---|---|
| qwen3.8:27b | ollama | qwen3.8:27b |
- Generator
-
patch2vuln.pyon 2026-10-07 15:34 - Model
qwen3.8:27b- Input
-
https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/ba95e67d5.patch
810e97a648a3… - Confidence
- medium
| Commit | Subject | Patch SHA-256 |
|---|---|---|
ba95e67d545e
|
fix: [login] Let only one request spend an e-mailed OTP | 810e97a648a3… |
Fix summary
The fix makes OTP consumption atomic by moving the deletion of the OTP from the shared store into the validation condition itself. The return value of the delete operation (1 if the key was actually removed, 0 otherwise) is now part of the success check, so only the request that successfully removes the OTP from the store is permitted to proceed with login. A session-state cleanup call was also added to remove the OTP user reference from the session.
Patch summary
In UsersController::email_otp(), the $redis->del() call was moved from after the hash_equals comparison into the if-condition as an additional conjunct. The condition now requires $redis->del('misp:otp:' . $user_id) === 1, meaning only the request whose delete actually removed the key (returning 1) can proceed to Auth->login(). A $this->Session->delete('email_otp_user') call was added before the login step to clean up session state. Net change: 6 insertions, 3 deletions in one file.
CVSS rationale
AV:N: Exploitation occurs over the network via HTTP POST. AC:H: Exploiting the race condition requires precise timing of two concurrent requests so both read the OTP before either deletes it; this is non-trivial to achieve reliably. AT:N: No data corruption or manipulation is required. PR:N: The attacker does not need prior authentication to MISP; they only need possession of a valid OTP (e.g., intercepted email). UI:N: No victim interaction beyond the initial login flow is needed. VC:N: No direct confidentiality loss of system data. VI:L: The one-time-use property of the OTP is violated, allowing a second authenticated session. VA:N: No availability impact. SC/SI:L: Limited integrity impact on the authentication process; no cross-system impact. SA:N: No impact on security authority.
Weakness rationale
- CWE-362 The OTP stored in Redis is a shared resource accessed by concurrent HTTP requests. The original code performed read, compare, and delete as separate non-atomic operations, allowing two concurrent requests to both read and validate the same OTP before either deletes it. This is a textbook race condition on a shared resource.
- CWE-367 The check (reading and comparing the OTP) and the use (logging in) are separated in time, and the state (OTP presence in the store) can change between the two steps due to a concurrent request. This is a TOCTOU variant of the race condition.
Attack pattern rationale
- CAPEC-111 The attack pattern involves an adversary issuing two or more concurrent requests to exploit a non-atomic check-and-use sequence on a shared resource (the OTP in Redis). CAPEC-111 directly describes exploiting timing dependencies between sub-processes. This is the closest CAPEC to the observed vulnerability; no more specific CAPEC for OTP replay via race condition exists in the CAPEC catalog.
Assumptions to verify
- The exact affected version range is not explicitly stated in the patch; the tag boundary v2.5.48 with 39 commits after the fix suggests the fix landed shortly after that tag, but the precise first-fixed version is unconfirmed.
- The CAPEC-111 mapping is the closest available; no CAPEC specifically covers OTP replay via race condition, so this is the best-fit pattern.
- CVSS AC:H assumes the race window is narrow and requires precise timing; if the Redis round-trip latency is large, exploitation may be easier, but no evidence supports lowering AC.
- The commit message states the issue was 'found during the internal review, not externally reported,' but no specific individual is named as finder, so no finder credit is assigned.
- PR:N assumes the attacker obtains the OTP through out-of-band means (email interception); if MISP requires prior authentication to request an OTP, PR could be L.
Model comparison
Selected qwen3.8:27b
by deterministic-consensus-v1
The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required.
| Model | Score | Agreement | Confidence | Assumptions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
qwen3.8:27b |
7 | 11 | medium | 5 |
- 2026-09-23 14:26 UTC Fix developed Corrective change authored (ba95e67d545efa313435ae39dd481879d72e72e6): fix: [login] Let only one request spend an e-mailed OTP https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/ba95e67d5.patch
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CVE-2026-19975 (GCVE-0-2026-19975)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 02:30 – Updated: 2026-08-19 14:40 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Azuriom CMS Money Transfer ProfileController.php transferMoney toctou
Summary
A weakness has been identified in Azuriom CMS up to 1.2.12. This issue affects the function transferMoney of the file app/Http/Controllers/ProfileController.php of the component Money Transfer Handler. This manipulation causes time-of-check time-of-use. The attack may be initiated remotely. A high degree of complexity is needed for the attack. The exploitability is assessed as difficult. Upgrading to version 1.2.13 is capable of addressing this issue. Patch name: ae5596a9548e010a8a79838806eff60ef9554539. Upgrading the affected component is advised. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-19 14:39 UTC
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/391154 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/391154/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-19975 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/873734 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/Azuriom/Azuriom/commit/ae5596a… | patch |
| https://github.com/Azuriom/Azuriom/releases/tag/v1.2.13 | patch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Azuriom | CMS |
Affected:
1.2.0
Affected: 1.2.1 Affected: 1.2.2 Affected: 1.2.3 Affected: 1.2.4 Affected: 1.2.5 Affected: 1.2.6 Affected: 1.2.7 Affected: 1.2.8 Affected: 1.2.9 Affected: 1.2.10 Affected: 1.2.11 Affected: 1.2.12 Unaffected: 1.2.13 cpe:2.3:a:azuriom:cms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-19410 (GCVE-0-2026-19410)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-31 08:14 – Updated: 2026-08-31 11:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Google Cloud Build Comment Control Bypass via Webhook Suppression
Summary
An Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in GitHub Trigger Comment Control in Google Cloud Build prior to 2026-06-24 on Google Cloud Platform allows a remote attacker to execute unreviewed code in the build environment using webhook suppression.
This vulnerability was patched on 24 June 2026, and no customer action is needed.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 11:11 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Google Cloud | Google Cloud Build |
Affected:
0 , < 2026-06-24
(date)
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CVE-2026-19118 (GCVE-0-2026-19118)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-01 21:55 – Updated: 2026-09-02 14:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Race condition vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed remote code execution
Summary
A time-of-check time-of-use race condition vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed remote code execution. Exploitation required an authenticated user with write access to a repository and precise timing of concurrent upload requests. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.22 and was fixed in versions 3.17.20, 3.18.14, 3.19.11, 3.20.7, and 3.21.5. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-02 13:09 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.17… | release-notes |
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.18… | release-notes |
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.19… | release-notes |
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.20… | release-notes |
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.21… | release-notes |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GitHub | Enterprise Server |
Affected:
3.17.0 , ≤ 3.17.19
(semver)
Affected: 3.18.0 , ≤ 3.18.13 (semver) Affected: 3.19.0 , ≤ 3.19.10 (semver) Affected: 3.20.0 , ≤ 3.20.6 (semver) Affected: 3.21.0 , ≤ 3.21.4 (semver) Unaffected: 3.22.0 (semver) |
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CVE-2026-19079 (GCVE-0-2026-19079)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-07 07:21 – Updated: 2026-09-01 12:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Policycoreutils: policycoreutils: toctou race condition in fixfiles allows arbitrary selinux label manipulation
Summary
A TOCTOU (Time-of-Check-Time-of-Use) race condition vulnerability was found in the fixfiles script in policycoreutils. When running fixfiles relabel or fixfiles restore, the script used find and chcon commands to locate and relabel unlabeled files under /tmp and other directories. A local attacker could exploit a race window between the file discovery and the label change operation by swapping directory components with symlinks, causing chcon to follow the symlink and modify SELinux labels on arbitrary system files. This could undermine SELinux mandatory access control protections on critical files such as /etc/shadow.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-07 17:40 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:51861 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-19079 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2511976 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://github.com/SELinuxProject/selinux/commit/… |
Impacted products
7 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Hardened Images |
Unaffected:
3.11-2.2.hum1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
|
Date Public
2026-07-08 00:00
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Mitigation
Implementation
The most basic advice for TOCTOU vulnerabilities is to not perform a check before the use. This does not resolve the underlying issue of the execution of a function on a resource whose state and identity cannot be assured, but it does help to limit the false sense of security given by the check.
Mitigation
Implementation
When the file being altered is owned by the current user and group, set the effective gid and uid to that of the current user and group when executing this statement.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Limit the interleaving of operations on files from multiple processes.
Mitigation
Implementation
Architecture and Design
If you cannot perform operations atomically and you must share access to the resource between multiple processes or threads, then try to limit the amount of time (CPU cycles) between the check and use of the resource. This will not fix the problem, but it could make it more difficult for an attack to succeed.
Mitigation
Implementation
Recheck the resource after the use call to verify that the action was taken appropriately.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Ensure that some environmental locking mechanism can be used to protect resources effectively.
Mitigation
Implementation
Ensure that locking occurs before the check, as opposed to afterwards, such that the resource, as checked, is the same as it is when in use.
CAPEC-27: Leveraging Race Conditions via Symbolic Links
This attack leverages the use of symbolic links (Symlinks) in order to write to sensitive files. An attacker can create a Symlink link to a target file not otherwise accessible to them. When the privileged program tries to create a temporary file with the same name as the Symlink link, it will actually write to the target file pointed to by the attackers' Symlink link. If the attacker can insert malicious content in the temporary file they will be writing to the sensitive file by using the Symlink. The race occurs because the system checks if the temporary file exists, then creates the file. The attacker would typically create the Symlink during the interval between the check and the creation of the temporary file.
CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions
This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.