CWE-367
AllowedTime-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product checks the state of a resource before using that resource, but the resource's state can change between the check and the use in a way that invalidates the results of the check.
1408 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-H8G9-6GVH-5MRC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-06 23:12 – Updated: 2022-10-06 23:12Vulnerability type
Authentication
Workarounds
Refer to the gateway documentation. The vulnerability was spotted due to unclear documentation of how the gateway handles endpoints validation.
Detail
The gateway only authenticates endpoints detected from DNS SRV records, and it only authenticates the detected endpoints once. Therefore, if an endpoint changes its authentication settings, the gateway will continue to assume the endpoint is still authenticated. The auditors has noted that appropriate documentation of this validation functionality plus deprecation of this misleading functionality is an acceptable path forward.
References
Find out more on this vulnerability in the security audit report
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Contact the etcd security committee
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "go.etcd.io/etcd/v3"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.4.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "go.etcd.io/etcd/v3"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.3.23"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-10-06T23:12:38Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "### Vulnerability type\nAuthentication\n\n### Workarounds\nRefer to the [gateway documentation](https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/blob/master/Documentation/op-guide/gateway.md). The vulnerability was spotted due to unclear documentation of how the gateway handles endpoints validation. \n\n### Detail\nThe gateway only authenticates endpoints detected from DNS SRV records, and it only authenticates the detected endpoints once. Therefore, if an endpoint changes its authentication settings, the gateway will continue to assume the endpoint is still authenticated. The auditors has noted that appropriate documentation of this validation functionality plus deprecation of this misleading functionality is an acceptable path forward.\n\n### References\nFind out more on this vulnerability in the [security audit report](https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/blob/master/security/SECURITY_AUDIT.pdf)\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Contact the [etcd security committee](https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/blob/master/security/security-release-process.md#product-security-committee-psc)",
"id": "GHSA-h8g9-6gvh-5mrc",
"modified": "2022-10-06T23:12:38Z",
"published": "2022-10-06T23:12:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/security/advisories/GHSA-h8g9-6gvh-5mrc"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "etcd vulnerable to TOCTOU of gateway endpoint authentication"
}
GHSA-H9VQ-R34H-Q3FM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-06 21:31 – Updated: 2026-10-07 18:32Race condition in CacheStorage in Google Chrome prior to 155.0.8059.39 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to read memory outside the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-106300"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-06T19:17:58Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Race condition in CacheStorage in Google Chrome prior to 155.0.8059.39 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to read memory outside the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-h9vq-r34h-q3fm",
"modified": "2026-10-07T18:32:02Z",
"published": "2026-10-06T21:31:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-106300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/10/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_086471744.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/500106110"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HC2G-HVV2-QXV7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-14 18:30 – Updated: 2025-05-14 18:30Time-of-check time-of-use race condition in some Zoom Workplace Apps may allow an authenticated user to conduct an escalation of privilege via local access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-30663"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-14T18:15:30Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Time-of-check time-of-use race condition in some Zoom Workplace Apps may allow an authenticated user to conduct an escalation of privilege via local access.",
"id": "GHSA-hc2g-hvv2-qxv7",
"modified": "2025-05-14T18:30:51Z",
"published": "2025-05-14T18:30:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30663"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zoom.com/en/trust/security-bulletin/zsb-25016"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HF76-WR32-WV5W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-11 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-08 18:30Double fetch in sandbox kernel driver in Avast/AVG Antivirus <25.3 on windows allows local attacker to escalate privelages via pool overflow.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-13032"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-11T17:15:39Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Double fetch in sandbox kernel driver in Avast/AVG Antivirus \u003c25.3\u00a0 on windows allows local attacker to escalate privelages via pool overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-hf76-wr32-wv5w",
"modified": "2025-12-08T18:30:25Z",
"published": "2025-11-11T18:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-13032"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.gendigital.com/us/en/contact-us/security-advisories"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HGJR-W9MF-43M9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-09 03:30 – Updated: 2026-09-09 15:34Race condition in DataTransfer in Google Chrome prior to 153.0.8010.36 allowed a remote attacker leveraging social engineering to obtain sensitive information via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-87523"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-09T01:17:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Race condition in DataTransfer in Google Chrome prior to 153.0.8010.36 allowed a remote attacker leveraging social engineering to obtain sensitive information via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-hgjr-w9mf-43m9",
"modified": "2026-09-09T15:34:59Z",
"published": "2026-09-09T03:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-87523"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/09/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0808145027.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/532933816"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HJ3G-99FF-6R7C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-09 15:35 – Updated: 2026-09-09 15:35Dell SCG 5.0 Appliance versions prior to 5.36.00.16 and Dell SCG 5.0 Application versions prior to 5.36.00.00, contains a Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to denial of service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-79968"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-09T13:20:39Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Dell SCG 5.0 Appliance versions prior to 5.36.00.16 and Dell SCG 5.0 Application versions prior to 5.36.00.00, contains a Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-hj3g-99ff-6r7c",
"modified": "2026-09-09T15:35:09Z",
"published": "2026-09-09T15:35:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-79968"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-in/000503426/dsa-2026-382-security-update-for-dell-secure-connect-gateway-virtual-edition-multiple-vulnerabilities"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HJF6-MVH5-6GQQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-17 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-21 00:00Memory corruption or temporary denial of service due to improper handling of concurrent hypervisor operations to attach or detach IRQs from virtual interrupt sources in Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-22093"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-16T06:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Memory corruption or temporary denial of service due to improper handling of concurrent hypervisor operations to attach or detach IRQs from virtual interrupt sources in Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile",
"id": "GHSA-hjf6-mvh5-6gqq",
"modified": "2022-09-21T00:00:51Z",
"published": "2022-09-17T00:00:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22093"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qualcomm.com/company/product-security/bulletins/september-2022-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HJJG-H2XG-WPG8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-21 21:30 – Updated: 2023-12-29 18:30A race condition in GitHub Enterprise Server was identified that could allow an attacker administrator access. To exploit this, an organization needs to be converted from a user. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server since 3.7 and was fixed in version 3.7.19, 3.8.12, 3.9.7, 3.10.4, and 3.11.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-46649"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-21T21:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A race condition in GitHub Enterprise Server was identified that could allow an attacker administrator access. To exploit this, an organization needs to be converted from a user.\u00a0This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server since 3.7 and was fixed in version 3.7.19, 3.8.12, 3.9.7, 3.10.4, and 3.11.1.\u00a0",
"id": "GHSA-hjjg-h2xg-wpg8",
"modified": "2023-12-29T18:30:30Z",
"published": "2023-12-21T21:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46649"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.10/admin/release-notes#3.10.4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.11/admin/release-notes#3.11.1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.7/admin/release-notes#3.7.19"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.8/admin/release-notes#3.8.12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.9/admin/release-notes#3.9.7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HJMC-MW59-WQQP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-11 19:00 – Updated: 2026-08-11 15:30Time-of-check time-of-use race condition in the BIOS firmware for some Intel(R) Processors may allow a privileged user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-21198"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-11T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Time-of-check time-of-use race condition in the BIOS firmware for some Intel(R) Processors may allow a privileged user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.",
"id": "GHSA-hjmc-mw59-wqqp",
"modified": "2026-08-11T15:30:42Z",
"published": "2022-11-11T19:00:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21198"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-686975.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00688.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HJXC-462X-X77J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-09 22:49 – Updated: 2023-09-08 23:56The package integrity validation in yarn < 1.19.0 contains a TOCTOU vulnerability where the hash is computed before writing a package to cache. It's not computed again when reading from the cache. This may lead to a cache pollution attack. This issue is fixed in 1.19.0.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "yarn"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.19.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-15608"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-04-08T22:21:40Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-03-15T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The package integrity validation in yarn \u003c 1.19.0 contains a TOCTOU vulnerability where the hash is computed before writing a package to cache. It\u0027s not computed again when reading from the cache. This may lead to a cache pollution attack. This issue is fixed in 1.19.0.",
"id": "GHSA-hjxc-462x-x77j",
"modified": "2023-09-08T23:56:07Z",
"published": "2022-02-09T22:49:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-15608"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/yarnpkg/yarn/commit/0474b8c66a8ea298f5e4dedc67b2de464297ad1c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/703138"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/yarnpkg/yarn/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md#1190"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "TOCTOU Race Condition in Yarn"
}
Mitigation
The most basic advice for TOCTOU vulnerabilities is to not perform a check before the use. This does not resolve the underlying issue of the execution of a function on a resource whose state and identity cannot be assured, but it does help to limit the false sense of security given by the check.
Mitigation
When the file being altered is owned by the current user and group, set the effective gid and uid to that of the current user and group when executing this statement.
Mitigation
Limit the interleaving of operations on files from multiple processes.
Mitigation
If you cannot perform operations atomically and you must share access to the resource between multiple processes or threads, then try to limit the amount of time (CPU cycles) between the check and use of the resource. This will not fix the problem, but it could make it more difficult for an attack to succeed.
Mitigation
Recheck the resource after the use call to verify that the action was taken appropriately.
Mitigation
Ensure that some environmental locking mechanism can be used to protect resources effectively.
Mitigation
Ensure that locking occurs before the check, as opposed to afterwards, such that the resource, as checked, is the same as it is when in use.
CAPEC-27: Leveraging Race Conditions via Symbolic Links
This attack leverages the use of symbolic links (Symlinks) in order to write to sensitive files. An attacker can create a Symlink link to a target file not otherwise accessible to them. When the privileged program tries to create a temporary file with the same name as the Symlink link, it will actually write to the target file pointed to by the attackers' Symlink link. If the attacker can insert malicious content in the temporary file they will be writing to the sensitive file by using the Symlink. The race occurs because the system checks if the temporary file exists, then creates the file. The attacker would typically create the Symlink during the interval between the check and the creation of the temporary file.
CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions
This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.