Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-362

Allowed-with-Review

Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product contains a concurrent code sequence that requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence operating concurrently.

2925 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-88W3-X23R-C432

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-27 15:33 – Updated: 2026-06-16 15:33
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mm: fix deferred split queue races during migration

migrate_folio_move() records the deferred split queue state from src and replays it on dst. Replaying it after remove_migration_ptes(src, dst, 0) makes dst visible before it is requeued, so a concurrent rmap-removal path can mark dst partially mapped and trip the WARN in deferred_split_folio().

Move the requeue before remove_migration_ptes() so dst is back on the deferred split queue before it becomes visible again.

Because migration still holds dst locked at that point, teach deferred_split_scan() to requeue a folio when folio_trylock() fails. Otherwise a fully mapped underused folio can be dequeued by the shrinker and silently lost from split_queue.

[ziy@nvidia.com: move the comment]

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-46017"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-27T14:17:20Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmm: fix deferred split queue races during migration\n\nmigrate_folio_move() records the deferred split queue state from src and\nreplays it on dst.  Replaying it after remove_migration_ptes(src, dst, 0)\nmakes dst visible before it is requeued, so a concurrent rmap-removal path\ncan mark dst partially mapped and trip the WARN in deferred_split_folio().\n\nMove the requeue before remove_migration_ptes() so dst is back on the\ndeferred split queue before it becomes visible again.\n\nBecause migration still holds dst locked at that point, teach\ndeferred_split_scan() to requeue a folio when folio_trylock() fails. \nOtherwise a fully mapped underused folio can be dequeued by the shrinker\nand silently lost from split_queue.\n\n[ziy@nvidia.com: move the comment]",
  "id": "GHSA-88w3-x23r-c432",
  "modified": "2026-06-16T15:33:41Z",
  "published": "2026-05-27T15:33:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46017"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3bac01168982ec3e3bf87efdc1807c7933590a85"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cbf75cf212ee6e499abc1757fb4b5ae6d70ed0aa"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-894G-WR4P-3595

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-25 00:01
VLAI
Details

In lock_sock_nested of sock.c, there is a possible use after free due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-174846563References: Upstream kernel

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-20154"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-06-15T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In lock_sock_nested of sock.c, there is a possible use after free due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-174846563References: Upstream kernel",
  "id": "GHSA-894g-wr4p-3595",
  "modified": "2022-06-25T00:01:03Z",
  "published": "2022-06-16T00:00:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20154"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2022-06-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-897C-PJ95-H9CF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:19 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:19
VLAI
Details

There is a issue that trustlist strings being repeatedly inserted into the linked list in Huawei Smartphone due to race conditions. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability can cause exceptions when managing the system trustlist.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-36994"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-10-28T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "There is a issue that trustlist strings being repeatedly inserted into the linked list in Huawei Smartphone due to race conditions. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability can cause exceptions when managing the system trustlist.",
  "id": "GHSA-897c-pj95-h9cf",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:19:05Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:19:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36994"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2021/7"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-899M-9G9C-JWH3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:25 – Updated: 2022-05-17 05:25
VLAI
Details

Race condition in the runScript function in Tunnelblick 3.3beta20 and earlier allows local users to gain privileges by replacing a script file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2012-3483"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2012-08-26T19:55:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Race condition in the runScript function in Tunnelblick 3.3beta20 and earlier allows local users to gain privileges by replacing a script file.",
  "id": "GHSA-899m-9g9c-jwh3",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T05:25:05Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T05:25:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-3483"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/fulldisclosure/2012-08/0122.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://code.google.com/p/tunnelblick/issues/detail?id=212"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://git.zx2c4.com/Pwnnel-Blicker/tree/pwnnel-blicker.c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2012/08/14/1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-89R6-VQV7-M7CQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-14 18:30 – Updated: 2023-03-14 18:30
VLAI
Details

Windows Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-23407"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-14T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Windows Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
  "id": "GHSA-89r6-vqv7-m7cq",
  "modified": "2023-03-14T18:30:19Z",
  "published": "2023-03-14T18:30:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-23407"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-23407"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8C7G-VX5G-CMPG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-14 15:30 – Updated: 2024-11-06 18:31
VLAI
Details

When manipulating the selection node cache, an attacker may have been able to cause unexpected behavior, potentially leading to an exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 131.0.3.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-9936"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-14T14:15:12Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "When manipulating the selection node cache, an attacker may have been able to cause unexpected behavior, potentially leading to an exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 131.0.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-8c7g-vx5g-cmpg",
  "modified": "2024-11-06T18:31:05Z",
  "published": "2024-10-14T15:30:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9936"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1920381"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-53"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8CMC-RXQ2-8W7G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:50 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:50
VLAI
Details

The Linux kernel before 3.4.5 on the x86 platform, when Physical Address Extension (PAE) is enabled, does not properly use the Page Middle Directory (PMD), which allows local users to cause a denial of service (panic) via a crafted application that triggers a race condition.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2012-2373"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2012-08-09T10:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Linux kernel before 3.4.5 on the x86 platform, when Physical Address Extension (PAE) is enabled, does not properly use the Page Middle Directory (PMD), which allows local users to cause a denial of service (panic) via a crafted application that triggers a race condition.",
  "id": "GHSA-8cmc-rxq2-8w7g",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T03:50:07Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T03:50:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-2373"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/26c191788f18129af0eb32a358cdaea0c7479626"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=822821"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=26c191788f18129af0eb32a358cdaea0c7479626"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git;a=commit;h=26c191788f18129af0eb32a358cdaea0c7479626"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=139447903326211\u0026w=2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2012-0743.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://ubuntu.com/usn/usn-1529-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v3.x/ChangeLog-3.4.5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2012/05/18/11"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-8F6M-26FJ-7FM5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-25 06:30 – Updated: 2026-05-12 12:31
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

af_unix: Fix garbage collector racing against connect()

Garbage collector does not take into account the risk of embryo getting enqueued during the garbage collection. If such embryo has a peer that carries SCM_RIGHTS, two consecutive passes of scan_children() may see a different set of children. Leading to an incorrectly elevated inflight count, and then a dangling pointer within the gc_inflight_list.

sockets are AF_UNIX/SOCK_STREAM S is an unconnected socket L is a listening in-flight socket bound to addr, not in fdtable V's fd will be passed via sendmsg(), gets inflight count bumped

connect(S, addr) sendmsg(S, [V]); close(V) __unix_gc() ---------------- ------------------------- -----------

NS = unix_create1() skb1 = sock_wmalloc(NS) L = unix_find_other(addr) unix_state_lock(L) unix_peer(S) = NS // V count=1 inflight=0

        NS = unix_peer(S)
        skb2 = sock_alloc()
        skb_queue_tail(NS, skb2[V])

        // V became in-flight
        // V count=2 inflight=1

        close(V)

        // V count=1 inflight=1
        // GC candidate condition met

                    for u in gc_inflight_list:
                      if (total_refs == inflight_refs)
                        add u to gc_candidates

                    // gc_candidates={L, V}

                    for u in gc_candidates:
                      scan_children(u, dec_inflight)

                    // embryo (skb1) was not
                    // reachable from L yet, so V's
                    // inflight remains unchanged

__skb_queue_tail(L, skb1) unix_state_unlock(L) for u in gc_candidates: if (u.inflight) scan_children(u, inc_inflight_move_tail)

                    // V count=1 inflight=2 (!)

If there is a GC-candidate listening socket, lock/unlock its state. This makes GC wait until the end of any ongoing connect() to that socket. After flipping the lock, a possibly SCM-laden embryo is already enqueued. And if there is another embryo coming, it can not possibly carry SCM_RIGHTS. At this point, unix_inflight() can not happen because unix_gc_lock is already taken. Inflight graph remains unaffected.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-26923"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-25T06:15:57Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\naf_unix: Fix garbage collector racing against connect()\n\nGarbage collector does not take into account the risk of embryo getting\nenqueued during the garbage collection. If such embryo has a peer that\ncarries SCM_RIGHTS, two consecutive passes of scan_children() may see a\ndifferent set of children. Leading to an incorrectly elevated inflight\ncount, and then a dangling pointer within the gc_inflight_list.\n\nsockets are AF_UNIX/SOCK_STREAM\nS is an unconnected socket\nL is a listening in-flight socket bound to addr, not in fdtable\nV\u0027s fd will be passed via sendmsg(), gets inflight count bumped\n\nconnect(S, addr)\tsendmsg(S, [V]); close(V)\t__unix_gc()\n----------------\t-------------------------\t-----------\n\nNS = unix_create1()\nskb1 = sock_wmalloc(NS)\nL = unix_find_other(addr)\nunix_state_lock(L)\nunix_peer(S) = NS\n\t\t\t// V count=1 inflight=0\n\n \t\t\tNS = unix_peer(S)\n \t\t\tskb2 = sock_alloc()\n\t\t\tskb_queue_tail(NS, skb2[V])\n\n\t\t\t// V became in-flight\n\t\t\t// V count=2 inflight=1\n\n\t\t\tclose(V)\n\n\t\t\t// V count=1 inflight=1\n\t\t\t// GC candidate condition met\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\tfor u in gc_inflight_list:\n\t\t\t\t\t\t  if (total_refs == inflight_refs)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t    add u to gc_candidates\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t// gc_candidates={L, V}\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\tfor u in gc_candidates:\n\t\t\t\t\t\t  scan_children(u, dec_inflight)\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t// embryo (skb1) was not\n\t\t\t\t\t\t// reachable from L yet, so V\u0027s\n\t\t\t\t\t\t// inflight remains unchanged\n__skb_queue_tail(L, skb1)\nunix_state_unlock(L)\n\t\t\t\t\t\tfor u in gc_candidates:\n\t\t\t\t\t\t  if (u.inflight)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t    scan_children(u, inc_inflight_move_tail)\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t// V count=1 inflight=2 (!)\n\nIf there is a GC-candidate listening socket, lock/unlock its state. This\nmakes GC wait until the end of any ongoing connect() to that socket. After\nflipping the lock, a possibly SCM-laden embryo is already enqueued. And if\nthere is another embryo coming, it can not possibly carry SCM_RIGHTS. At\nthis point, unix_inflight() can not happen because unix_gc_lock is already\ntaken. Inflight graph remains unaffected.",
  "id": "GHSA-8f6m-26fj-7fm5",
  "modified": "2026-05-12T12:31:41Z",
  "published": "2024-04-25T06:30:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-26923"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-265688.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-398330.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-613116.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2e2a03787f4f0abc0072350654ab0ef3324d9db3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/343c5372d5e17b306db5f8f3c895539b06e3177f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/47d8ac011fe1c9251070e1bd64cb10b48193ec51"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/507cc232ffe53a352847893f8177d276c3b532a9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a36ae0ec2353015f0f6762e59f4c2dbc0c906423"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b75722be422c276b699200de90527d01c602ea7c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dbdf7bec5c920200077d693193f989cb1513f009"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e76c2678228f6aec74b305ae30c9374cc2f28a51"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00017.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00020.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8FF9-78X2-C89J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-13 18:31 – Updated: 2026-01-13 18:31
VLAI
Details

Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Graphics Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-20836"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-13T18:16:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization (\u0027race condition\u0027) in Graphics Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
  "id": "GHSA-8ff9-78x2-c89j",
  "modified": "2026-01-13T18:31:09Z",
  "published": "2026-01-13T18:31:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20836"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-20836"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8FQ6-P869-285X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-19 15:30 – Updated: 2023-12-22 12:31
VLAI
Details

When resolving a symlink, a race may occur where the buffer passed to readlink may actually be smaller than necessary. This bug only affects Firefox on Unix-based operating systems (Android, Linux, MacOS). Windows is unaffected. This vulnerability affects Firefox ESR < 115.6, Thunderbird < 115.6, and Firefox < 121.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-6857"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-12-19T14:15:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "When resolving a symlink, a race may occur where the buffer passed to `readlink` may actually be smaller than necessary. \n*This bug only affects Firefox on Unix-based operating systems (Android, Linux, MacOS). Windows is unaffected.* This vulnerability affects Firefox ESR \u003c 115.6, Thunderbird \u003c 115.6, and Firefox \u003c 121.",
  "id": "GHSA-8fq6-p869-285x",
  "modified": "2023-12-22T12:31:46Z",
  "published": "2023-12-19T15:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-6857"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1796023"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/12/msg00020.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/12/msg00021.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202401-10"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5581"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5582"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2023-54"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2023-55"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2023-56"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

In languages that support it, use synchronization primitives. Only wrap these around critical code to minimize the impact on performance.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use thread-safe capabilities such as the data access abstraction in Spring.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Minimize the usage of shared resources in order to remove as much complexity as possible from the control flow and to reduce the likelihood of unexpected conditions occurring.
  • Additionally, this will minimize the amount of synchronization necessary and may even help to reduce the likelihood of a denial of service where an attacker may be able to repeatedly trigger a critical section (CWE-400).
Mitigation
Implementation

When using multithreading and operating on shared variables, only use thread-safe functions.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use atomic operations on shared variables. Be wary of innocent-looking constructs such as "x++". This may appear atomic at the code layer, but it is actually non-atomic at the instruction layer, since it involves a read, followed by a computation, followed by a write.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use a mutex if available, but be sure to avoid related weaknesses such as CWE-412.

Mitigation
Implementation

Avoid double-checked locking (CWE-609) and other implementation errors that arise when trying to avoid the overhead of synchronization.

Mitigation
Implementation

Disable interrupts or signals over critical parts of the code, but also make sure that the code does not go into a large or infinite loop.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use the volatile type modifier for critical variables to avoid unexpected compiler optimization or reordering. This does not necessarily solve the synchronization problem, but it can help.

Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

CAPEC-26: Leveraging Race Conditions

The adversary targets a race condition occurring when multiple processes access and manipulate the same resource concurrently, and the outcome of the execution depends on the particular order in which the access takes place. The adversary can leverage a race condition by "running the race", modifying the resource and modifying the normal execution flow. For instance, a race condition can occur while accessing a file: the adversary can trick the system by replacing the original file with their version and cause the system to read the malicious file.

CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions

This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.