CWE-362
Allowed-with-ReviewConcurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product contains a concurrent code sequence that requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence operating concurrently.
2925 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-8862-4XWM-P4PP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-25 03:31 – Updated: 2026-03-25 15:31A race condition was addressed with improved state handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.5, macOS Sonoma 14.8.5, macOS Tahoe 26.4. An app may be able to gain root privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-28888"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-25T01:17:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A race condition was addressed with improved state handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.5, macOS Sonoma 14.8.5, macOS Tahoe 26.4. An app may be able to gain root privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-8862-4xwm-p4pp",
"modified": "2026-03-25T15:31:28Z",
"published": "2026-03-25T03:31:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28888"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126794"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126795"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126796"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8863-JFM6-35XM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-05 21:31 – Updated: 2025-05-17 00:30IBM Db2 for Linux, UNIX and Windows (includes DB2 Connect Server) 12.1.0 through 12.1.1
could allow an authenticated user to cause a denial of service due to concurrent execution of shared resources.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-1493"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-05T21:15:47Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Db2 for Linux, UNIX and Windows (includes DB2 Connect Server) 12.1.0 through 12.1.1 \n\n\n\n\n\ncould allow an authenticated user to cause a denial of service due to concurrent execution of shared resources.",
"id": "GHSA-8863-jfm6-35xm",
"modified": "2025-05-17T00:30:25Z",
"published": "2025-05-05T21:31:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1493"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250516-0001"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7232518"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8892-84WF-CG8F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-08-25 21:00 – Updated: 2023-06-13 21:01Affected versions of this crate unconditionally implement Send/Sync for SyncChannel<T>. SyncChannel<T> doesn't provide access to &T but merely serves as a channel that consumes and returns owned T. Users can create UB in safe Rust by sending T: !Send to other threads with SyncChannel::send/recv APIs. Using T = Arc<Cell<_> allows to create data races (which can lead to memory corruption), and using T = MutexGuard<T> allows to unlock a mutex from a thread that didn't lock the mutex.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "crates.io",
"name": "signal-simple"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "0.1.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-08-06T18:04:55Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Affected versions of this crate unconditionally implement Send/Sync for `SyncChannel\u003cT\u003e`. `SyncChannel\u003cT\u003e` doesn\u0027t provide access to `\u0026T` but merely serves as a channel that consumes and returns owned `T`. Users can create UB in safe Rust by sending `T: !Send` to other threads with `SyncChannel::send/recv` APIs. Using `T = Arc\u003cCell\u003c_\u003e` allows to create data races (which can lead to memory corruption), and using `T = MutexGuard\u003cT\u003e` allows to unlock a mutex from a thread that didn\u0027t lock the mutex.\n",
"id": "GHSA-8892-84wf-cg8f",
"modified": "2023-06-13T21:01:55Z",
"published": "2021-08-25T21:00:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/kitsuneninetails/signal-rust/issues/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/kitsuneninetails/signal-rust"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2020-0126.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "SyncChannel\u003cT\u003e can move \u0027T: !Send\u0027 to other threads"
}
GHSA-8896-F2RW-R85C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:45 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:45Core FTP Server 1.2 before build 515 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (reachable assertion and crash) via an AUTH SSL command with malformed data, as demonstrated by pressing the enter key twice.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-1441"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-05-02T01:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Core FTP Server 1.2 before build 515 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (reachable assertion and crash) via an AUTH SSL command with malformed data, as demonstrated by pressing the enter key twice.",
"id": "GHSA-8896-f2rw-r85c",
"modified": "2022-05-17T04:45:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:45:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-1441"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://coreftp.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=2985707"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/125073/Core-FTP-Server-1.2-DoS-Traversal-Disclosure.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2014/Feb/39"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/56850"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/102966"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-88C6-GHM4-22CV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-13 18:31 – Updated: 2026-01-13 18:31Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows SMB Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-20919"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-13T18:16:18Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization (\u0027race condition\u0027) in Windows SMB Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-88c6-ghm4-22cv",
"modified": "2026-01-13T18:31:10Z",
"published": "2026-01-13T18:31:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20919"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-20919"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-88FW-CM3W-8CQ5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-24 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-27 00:00A flaw was found in the way Samba handled file/directory metadata. This flaw allows an authenticated attacker with permissions to read or modify share metadata, to perform this operation outside of the share.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-20316"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-23T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in the way Samba handled file/directory metadata. This flaw allows an authenticated attacker with permissions to read or modify share metadata, to perform this operation outside of the share.",
"id": "GHSA-88fw-cm3w-8cq5",
"modified": "2022-08-27T00:00:44Z",
"published": "2022-08-24T00:00:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-20316"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-20316"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2009673"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.samba.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14842"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2021-20316"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202309-06"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.samba.org/samba/security/CVE-2021-20316.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-88M4-XJXP-H8HJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-13 18:30 – Updated: 2025-05-13 18:30Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Universal Print Management Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-29841"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-13T17:15:54Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization (\u0027race condition\u0027) in Universal Print Management Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-88m4-xjxp-h8hj",
"modified": "2025-05-13T18:30:54Z",
"published": "2025-05-13T18:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-29841"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-29841"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-88MG-HQXV-95H4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:15 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:15Race condition in the handle_to_path function in fs/fhandle.c in the Linux kernel through 3.19.1 allows local users to bypass intended size restrictions and trigger read operations on additional memory locations by changing the handle_bytes value of a file handle during the execution of this function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-1420"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-03-16T10:59:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Race condition in the handle_to_path function in fs/fhandle.c in the Linux kernel through 3.19.1 allows local users to bypass intended size restrictions and trigger read operations on additional memory locations by changing the handle_bytes value of a file handle during the execution of this function.",
"id": "GHSA-88mg-hqxv-95h4",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:15:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:15:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-1420"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1187534"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2015-07/msg00023.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2015-08/msg00011.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2015-09/msg00004.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2015-09/msg00018.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2015-09/msg00021.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel\u0026m=142247707318982\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2015/dsa-3170"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/01/29/12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/72357"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2660-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2661-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2665-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2667-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-88MG-JR8R-PQGG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-27 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-09 00:00A race condition was addressed with improved state handling. This issue is fixed in watchOS 8.6, tvOS 15.5, macOS Monterey 12.4, iOS 15.5 and iPadOS 15.5. A malicious attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-26765"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-26T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A race condition was addressed with improved state handling. This issue is fixed in watchOS 8.6, tvOS 15.5, macOS Monterey 12.4, iOS 15.5 and iPadOS 15.5. A malicious attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication.",
"id": "GHSA-88mg-jr8r-pqgg",
"modified": "2022-06-09T00:00:26Z",
"published": "2022-05-27T00:00:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26765"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213253"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213254"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213257"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213258"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-88RV-C8GV-RFV7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-06 12:30 – Updated: 2026-06-19 15:33In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
netfilter: ctnetlink: ensure safe access to master conntrack
Holding reference on the expectation is not sufficient, the master conntrack object can just go away, making exp->master invalid.
To access exp->master safely:
-
Grab the nf_conntrack_expect_lock, this gets serialized with clean_from_lists() which also holds this lock when the master conntrack goes away.
-
Hold reference on master conntrack via nf_conntrack_find_get(). Not so easy since the master tuple to look up for the master conntrack is not available in the existing problematic paths.
This patch goes for extending the nf_conntrack_expect_lock section to address this issue for simplicity, in the cases that are described below this is just slightly extending the lock section.
The add expectation command already holds a reference to the master conntrack from ctnetlink_create_expect().
However, the delete expectation command needs to grab the spinlock before looking up for the expectation. Expand the existing spinlock section to address this to cover the expectation lookup. Note that, the nf_ct_expect_iterate_net() calls already grabs the spinlock while iterating over the expectation table, which is correct.
The get expectation command needs to grab the spinlock to ensure master conntrack does not go away. This also expands the existing spinlock section to cover the expectation lookup too. I needed to move the netlink skb allocation out of the spinlock to keep it GFP_KERNEL.
For the expectation events, the IPEXP_DESTROY event is already delivered under the spinlock, just move the delivery of IPEXP_NEW under the spinlock too because the master conntrack event cache is reached through exp->master.
While at it, add lockdep notations to help identify what codepaths need to grab the spinlock.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-43116"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-06T10:16:25Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: ctnetlink: ensure safe access to master conntrack\n\nHolding reference on the expectation is not sufficient, the master\nconntrack object can just go away, making exp-\u003emaster invalid.\n\nTo access exp-\u003emaster safely:\n\n- Grab the nf_conntrack_expect_lock, this gets serialized with\n clean_from_lists() which also holds this lock when the master\n conntrack goes away.\n\n- Hold reference on master conntrack via nf_conntrack_find_get().\n Not so easy since the master tuple to look up for the master conntrack\n is not available in the existing problematic paths.\n\nThis patch goes for extending the nf_conntrack_expect_lock section\nto address this issue for simplicity, in the cases that are described\nbelow this is just slightly extending the lock section.\n\nThe add expectation command already holds a reference to the master\nconntrack from ctnetlink_create_expect().\n\nHowever, the delete expectation command needs to grab the spinlock\nbefore looking up for the expectation. Expand the existing spinlock\nsection to address this to cover the expectation lookup. Note that,\nthe nf_ct_expect_iterate_net() calls already grabs the spinlock while\niterating over the expectation table, which is correct.\n\nThe get expectation command needs to grab the spinlock to ensure master\nconntrack does not go away. This also expands the existing spinlock\nsection to cover the expectation lookup too. I needed to move the\nnetlink skb allocation out of the spinlock to keep it GFP_KERNEL.\n\nFor the expectation events, the IPEXP_DESTROY event is already delivered\nunder the spinlock, just move the delivery of IPEXP_NEW under the\nspinlock too because the master conntrack event cache is reached through\nexp-\u003emaster.\n\nWhile at it, add lockdep notations to help identify what codepaths need\nto grab the spinlock.",
"id": "GHSA-88rv-c8gv-rfv7",
"modified": "2026-06-19T15:33:09Z",
"published": "2026-05-06T12:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-43116"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/497f99b26fffdc5635706d1b4811f1ed8ee21a5b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5e1c1d22268ae710c238342c8030c21daf298168"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9e1196d27ef496f404c76f7a9d03761142d991c4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bffcaad9afdfe45d7fc777397d3b83c1e3ebffe5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d52fa1fa7440676b8c238037a050ab008c22737f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f338ced0473849c9f6ed0b77ca99f1aab5826787"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
In languages that support it, use synchronization primitives. Only wrap these around critical code to minimize the impact on performance.
Mitigation
Use thread-safe capabilities such as the data access abstraction in Spring.
Mitigation
- Minimize the usage of shared resources in order to remove as much complexity as possible from the control flow and to reduce the likelihood of unexpected conditions occurring.
- Additionally, this will minimize the amount of synchronization necessary and may even help to reduce the likelihood of a denial of service where an attacker may be able to repeatedly trigger a critical section (CWE-400).
Mitigation
When using multithreading and operating on shared variables, only use thread-safe functions.
Mitigation
Use atomic operations on shared variables. Be wary of innocent-looking constructs such as "x++". This may appear atomic at the code layer, but it is actually non-atomic at the instruction layer, since it involves a read, followed by a computation, followed by a write.
Mitigation
Use a mutex if available, but be sure to avoid related weaknesses such as CWE-412.
Mitigation
Avoid double-checked locking (CWE-609) and other implementation errors that arise when trying to avoid the overhead of synchronization.
Mitigation
Disable interrupts or signals over critical parts of the code, but also make sure that the code does not go into a large or infinite loop.
Mitigation
Use the volatile type modifier for critical variables to avoid unexpected compiler optimization or reordering. This does not necessarily solve the synchronization problem, but it can help.
Mitigation MIT-17
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
CAPEC-26: Leveraging Race Conditions
The adversary targets a race condition occurring when multiple processes access and manipulate the same resource concurrently, and the outcome of the execution depends on the particular order in which the access takes place. The adversary can leverage a race condition by "running the race", modifying the resource and modifying the normal execution flow. For instance, a race condition can occur while accessing a file: the adversary can trick the system by replacing the original file with their version and cause the system to read the malicious file.
CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions
This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.