Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-323
AllowedReusing a Nonce, Key Pair in Encryption
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
Nonces should be used for the present occasion and only once.
87 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-81341 (GCVE-0-2026-81341)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-28 14:43 – Updated: 2026-08-28 18:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
wolfEngine reuses the AES-CCM nonce on TLS 1.2 / DTLS 1.2 records
Summary
wolfEngine before 1.4.1 sources the explicit AES-CCM nonce for TLS 1.2 and DTLS 1.2 records from the record input buffer instead of the TLS sequence number carried in the additional authenticated data. Because the record layer leaves the explicit-nonce field for the cipher to populate, the value read is constant across records, so every AES-CCM record within a connection is encrypted under an identical key and nonce pair. Reusing a CCM key and nonce weakens confidentiality (identical keystream across records, so a known record recovers the others) and integrity (authentication tag forgery). Only wolfEngine is affected; wolfProvider is not. AES-GCM under wolfEngine is tracked separately. AES-CCM cipher suites are not enabled by default and must be explicitly selected, which limits exposure. TLS 1.3 and non-TLS use of the cipher are not affected.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-28 18:17 UTC
CWE
- CWE-323 - Reusing a Nonce, Key Pair in Encryption
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| wolfSSL Inc. | wolfEngine |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.4.0
(git)
|
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CVE-2026-81020 (GCVE-0-2026-81020)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-28 14:42 – Updated: 2026-08-28 18:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
wolfEngine reuses the AES-GCM nonce on every TLS 1.2 / DTLS 1.2 record
Summary
wolfEngine before 1.4.1 generates the 8-byte explicit AES-GCM nonce once when the TLS write key is set and never increments it per record. As a result every TLS 1.2 and DTLS 1.2 AES-GCM record within a connection is encrypted under an identical key and nonce pair. Reusing a GCM key and nonce discloses the keystream (the XOR of two ciphertexts equals the XOR of their plaintexts, so one known record recovers the others) and leaks the GHASH authentication key, enabling authentication tag forgery. AES-CCM, TLS 1.3, and non-TLS use of the cipher are not affected.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-28 18:18 UTC
CWE
- CWE-323 - Reusing a Nonce, Key Pair in Encryption
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| wolfSSL Inc. | wolfEngine |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.4.0
(git)
|
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CVE-2026-81019 (GCVE-0-2026-81019)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-28 14:42 – Updated: 2026-08-28 18:22
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
wolfProvider reuses the AES-GCM nonce on every TLS 1.2 / DTLS 1.2 record
Summary
wolfProvider before 1.2.2 generates the 8-byte explicit AES-GCM nonce once when the TLS write key is set and never increments it per record. As a result every TLS 1.2 and DTLS 1.2 AES-GCM record within a connection is encrypted under an identical key and nonce pair. Reusing a GCM key and nonce discloses the keystream (the XOR of two ciphertexts equals the XOR of their plaintexts, so one known record recovers the others) and leaks the GHASH authentication key, enabling authentication tag forgery. AES-CCM, TLS 1.3, and non-TLS use of the cipher are not affected.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-28 18:22 UTC
CWE
- CWE-323 - Reusing a Nonce, Key Pair in Encryption
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| wolfSSL Inc. | wolfProvider |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.2.1
(git)
|
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CVE-2026-59099 (GCVE-0-2026-59099)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-02 19:42 – Updated: 2026-07-14 22:03 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apereo CAS 7.3.0 < 8.0.0-RC6 - AES-GCM Nonce Reuse Information Disclosure
Summary
Apereo CAS 7.3.0 before 8.0.0-RC6 contains a cryptographic vulnerability that allows remote unauthenticated attackers to recover plaintext conversation state by exploiting AES-GCM initialization vector reuse across the server lifetime. Attackers can collect multiple client-side webflow execution tokens from the unauthenticated login page and perform known-plaintext analysis to decrypt the webflow conversation state due to keystream reuse caused by a fixed all-zero IV paired with the same encryption key.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-06 12:29 UTC
CWE
- CWE-323 - Reusing a Nonce, Key Pair in Encryption
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://apereo.github.io/2026/06/18/vuln/ | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/apereo/cas/releases/tag/v8.0.0-RC6 | release-notes |
| https://github.com/geo-chen/oss/blob/main/cas.md | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://github.com/apereo/cas/commit/22c6f4adf738… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/apereo-cas-r… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-06-18 00:00
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CVE-2026-56369 (GCVE-0-2026-56369)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 22:08 – Updated: 2026-07-01 15:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ImageMagick - Information Disclosure via AES-CTR Nonce Reuse in PasskeyEncipherImage
Summary
ImageMagick before 7.1.2-22 contains an information disclosure vulnerability in the PasskeyEncipherImage method due to AES-CTR nonce reuse. Attackers can exploit nonce reuse in the cipher implementation to recover plaintext information from encrypted images.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-01 15:06 UTC
CWE
- CWE-323 - Reusing a Nonce, Key Pair in Encryption
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/securi… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/imagemagick-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
0 , < 7.1.2-22
(semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.2-22 (semver) |
|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
0 , < 6.9.13-47
(semver)
Unaffected: 6.9.13-47 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-05-16 00:00
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CVE-2026-55967 (GCVE-0-2026-55967)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-25 16:53 – Updated: 2026-06-25 17:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
AES-GCM streaming APIs do not reject >64 GiB cumulative single messages, enabling counter wrap and keystream reuse
Summary
AES-GCM encryption/decryption with extremely large cumulative single message sizes (>64 GiB) were not properly rejected by the streaming APIs, allowing counter wrap, keystream reuse, and consequent plaintext recovery.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-25 17:57 UTC
CWE
- CWE-323 - Reusing a Nonce, Key Pair in Encryption
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-50577 (GCVE-0-2026-50577)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 16:52 – Updated: 2026-08-19 14:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ePA 3.x Integration: AES-GCM Nonce Reuse via Frozen VAU Request Counter
Summary
ePA 3.x Integration implements the authorization workflow and writes Medical Information Objects to Germany's electronic patient record. Prior to 1.3.0, ePA 3.x Integration leaves request_counter unchanged in app/vau/VAUProtokoll.py while constructing VAU messages. The frozen client request counter causes the server side to reuse AES-GCM nonce and key combinations across responses. A network attacker who collects repeated ciphertexts can recover the XOR of plaintexts and use predictable inner HTTP headers and JSON fields to recover sensitive data, including patient health records. Repeated nonces can also enable recovery of the GHASH authentication key through the Joux forbidden attack, allowing forged AES-GCM messages and injection of malicious responses. The response-counter check also fails to maintain last_response_counter, weakening replay and ordering validation. This issue is fixed in version 1.3.0.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-19 14:52 UTC
CWE
- CWE-323 - Reusing a Nonce, Key Pair in Encryption
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/fbeta-GmbH/ePA3-Service-OpenSo… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/fbeta-GmbH/ePA3-Service-OpenSo… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/fbeta-GmbH/ePA3-Service-OpenSo… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/fbeta-GmbH/ePA3-Service-OpenSo… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.machinespirits.de/advisory/df27cd | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| fbeta-GmbH | ePA3-Service-OpenSource |
Affected:
< 1.3.0
|
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CVE-2026-49952 (GCVE-0-2026-49952)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-15 18:43 – Updated: 2026-07-28 01:49 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Discuz! X5.0 Authentication Bypass via dbbak.php Encryption Oracle
Summary
Discuz! X5.0 releases 20260320 through 20260501 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to gain unauthorized access to database backup and restore functionality by exploiting a shared cryptographic key between UCenter integration and the database backup API exposed by dbbak.php. Attackers can inject a crafted payload through the username parameter during login to abuse the encryption oracle in logging_ctl::logging_more(), obtain a legitimately signed token, and use it to bypass authorization for database export and import operations, with the additional ability to trigger a race condition to impersonate arbitrary users.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-15 19:58 UTC
CWE
- CWE-323 - Reusing a Nonce, Key Pair in Encryption
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://karmainsecurity.com/KIS-2026-09 | technical-description |
| https://karmainsecurity.com/chaining-bugs-in-disc… | exploit |
| https://gitee.com/Discuz/DiscuzX/commit/9962dad52… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/discuz-x5-0-… | third-party-advisory |
| http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2026/Jun/3 |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Discuz! | Discuz! X5.0 |
Affected:
20260320 , ≤ 20260501
(date)
cpe:2.3:a:discuz:discuzx:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-05-09 00:00
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CVE-2026-45028 (GCVE-0-2026-45028)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-13 15:50 – Updated: 2026-05-14 18:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Astro: Server island encrypted parameters vulnerable to cross-component replay
Summary
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Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-14 18:29 UTC
CWE
- CWE-323 - Reusing a Nonce, Key Pair in Encryption
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/withastro/astro/pull/16457 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-30785 (GCVE-0-2026-30785)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-05 16:04 – Updated: 2026-03-06 10:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
RustDesk Encrypts Local Passwords with World-Readable Machine ID and Fixed Zero Nonce (XSalsa20-Poly1305)
Summary
Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution'), Use of Password Hash With Insufficient Computational Effort vulnerability in rustdesk-client RustDesk Client rustdesk, hbb_common on Windows, MacOS, Linux (Password security module, config encryption, machine UID modules) allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data. This vulnerability is associated with program files hbb_common/src/password_security.Rs, hbb_common/src/config.Rs, hbb_common/src/lib.Rs (get_uuid), machine-uid/src/lib.Rs and program routines symmetric_crypt(), encrypt_str_or_original(), decrypt_str_or_original(), get_uuid(), get_machine_id().
This issue affects RustDesk Client: through 1.4.5.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-06 10:32 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/rustdesk/rustdesk/discussions/9229 | technical-descriptionx_--config documentation |
| https://github.com/rustdesk/rustdesk/discussions/4979 | technical-descriptionx_--config documentation |
| https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vSds6… | third-party-advisoryexploit |
| https://www.vulsec.org/ | vdb-entrythird-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| rustdesk-client | RustDesk Client |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.4.5
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-03-05 13:45
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"assignerShortName": "VULSec",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-30785",
"datePublished": "2026-03-05T16:04:36.443Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-03-05T14:13:35.407Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-06T10:32:38.348Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Implementation
Refuse to reuse nonce values.
Mitigation
Implementation
Use techniques such as requiring incrementing, time based and/or challenge response to assure uniqueness of nonces.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.