Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-321

Allowed

Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product uses a hard-coded, unchangeable cryptographic key.

682 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-V5JG-GM3Q-H894

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:03 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:03
VLAI
Details

Schneider Electric SoMachine Basic 1.4 SP1 and Schneider Electric Modicon TM221CE16R 1.3.3.3 devices have a hardcoded-key vulnerability. The Project Protection feature is used to prevent unauthorized users from opening an XML protected project file, by prompting the user for a password. This XML file is AES-CBC encrypted; however, the key used for encryption (SoMachineBasicSoMachineBasicSoMa) cannot be changed. After decrypting the XML file with this key, the user password can be found in the decrypted data. After reading the user password, the project can be opened and modified with the Schneider product.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-7574"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321",
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-04-06T21:59:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Schneider Electric SoMachine Basic 1.4 SP1 and Schneider Electric Modicon TM221CE16R 1.3.3.3 devices have a hardcoded-key vulnerability. The Project Protection feature is used to prevent unauthorized users from opening an XML protected project file, by prompting the user for a password. This XML file is AES-CBC encrypted; however, the key used for encryption (SoMachineBasicSoMachineBasicSoMa) cannot be changed. After decrypting the XML file with this key, the user password can be found in the decrypted data. After reading the user password, the project can be opened and modified with the Schneider product.",
  "id": "GHSA-v5jg-gm3q-h894",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:03:36Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:03:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-7574"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://os-s.net/advisories/OSS-2017-02.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2017-097-01"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97518"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V5PR-8475-3JQ8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-26 15:30 – Updated: 2025-09-26 15:30
VLAI
Details

IBM Cognos Controller 11.0.0 through 11.0.1, and IBM Controller 11.1.0 through 11.1.1 could allow an attacker to obtain sensitive information due to the use of hardcoded cryptographic keys for signing session cookies.

Severity
3.7 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-36326"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-26T15:16:03Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "IBM Cognos Controller 11.0.0 through 11.0.1, and IBM Controller 11.1.0 through 11.1.1 could allow an attacker to obtain sensitive information due to the use of hardcoded cryptographic keys for signing session cookies.",
  "id": "GHSA-v5pr-8475-3jq8",
  "modified": "2025-09-26T15:30:28Z",
  "published": "2025-09-26T15:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-36326"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7246015"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V7WJ-223X-4H9H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-24 00:01
VLAI
Details

An information disclosure vulnerability exists in the router configuration export functionality of InHand Networks InRouter302 V3.5.4. A specially-crafted network request can lead to increased privileges. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-26020"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321",
      "CWE-326",
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-12T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An information disclosure vulnerability exists in the router configuration export functionality of InHand Networks InRouter302 V3.5.4. A specially-crafted network request can lead to increased privileges. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-v7wj-223x-4h9h",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T00:01:32Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T00:00:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26020"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1474"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.inhandnetworks.com/upload/attachment/202205/10/InHand-PSA-2022-01.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V84G-528V-42PP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-13 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:48
VLAI
Details

Rockwell Automation's FactoryTalk System Services uses a hard-coded cryptographic key to generate administrator cookies.  Hard-coded cryptographic key may lead to privilege escalation.  This vulnerability may allow a local, authenticated non-admin user to generate an invalid administrator cookie giving them administrative privileges to the FactoryTalk Policy Manger database. This may allow the threat actor to make malicious changes to the database that will be deployed when a legitimate FactoryTalk Policy Manager user deploys a security policy model. User interaction is required for this vulnerability to be successfully exploited.

Severity
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-2637"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321",
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-13T21:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "\nRockwell Automation\u0027s FactoryTalk System Services uses a hard-coded cryptographic key to generate administrator cookies.\u00a0 Hard-coded cryptographic key may lead to privilege escalation.\u00a0 This vulnerability may allow a local, authenticated non-admin user to generate an invalid administrator cookie giving them administrative privileges to the FactoryTalk Policy Manger database. This may allow the threat actor to make malicious changes to the database that will be deployed when a legitimate FactoryTalk Policy Manager user deploys a security policy model. User interaction is required for this vulnerability to be successfully exploited.\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-v84g-528v-42pp",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T04:48:01Z",
  "published": "2023-06-13T21:30:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2637"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rockwellautomation.custhelp.com/app/answers/answer_view/a_id/1139683"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V97V-XG2J-QQ42

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-04 21:31 – Updated: 2026-09-04 21:31
VLAI
Details

PassMark PerformanceTest before 11.1 build 1012, BurnInTest before 11.1 build 1000, and OSForensics before 11.1 build 1016 contain a hard-coded credentials vulnerability in DirectIo64.sys that allows local attackers to perform arbitrary physical memory writes by extracting an 8-byte key embedded as a hardcoded literal in the distributed binary and computing valid MD5 authentication tags for arbitrary IOCTL write requests. Attackers can additionally bypass a secondary validation gate by using the driver's own bit-clear IOCTL to clear a single bit in the gating instruction's displacement byte, causing all subsequent write requests to skip MAC verification, size checks, and Vendor ID checks entirely.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.5 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-80114"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-04T19:17:28Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "PassMark PerformanceTest before 11.1 build 1012, BurnInTest before 11.1 build 1000, and OSForensics before 11.1 build 1016 contain a hard-coded credentials vulnerability in DirectIo64.sys that allows local attackers to perform arbitrary physical memory writes by extracting an 8-byte key embedded as a hardcoded literal in the distributed binary and computing valid MD5 authentication tags for arbitrary IOCTL write requests. Attackers can additionally bypass a secondary validation gate by using the driver\u0027s own bit-clear IOCTL to clear a single bit in the gating instruction\u0027s displacement byte, causing all subsequent write requests to skip MAC verification, size checks, and Vendor ID checks entirely.",
  "id": "GHSA-v97v-xg2j-qq42",
  "modified": "2026-09-04T21:31:50Z",
  "published": "2026-09-04T21:31:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-80114"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://dkom.dev/posts/directio64-disclosure"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/floppywiggler/directio64-disclosure"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.osforensics.com/whats-new.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.passmark.com/products/burnintest/history.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.passmark.com/products/performancetest/history.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/passmark-performancetest-burnintest-and-osforensics-hard-coded-credentials-authentication-bypass-via-directio64-sys"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V9CF-GM8V-MP4M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-14 15:32 – Updated: 2026-10-14 15:32
VLAI
Details

vlife through 2.0.1 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to forge JWTs using the hardcoded HS256 signing key in TokenUtil. Attackers can sign a token with superUser=true and arbitrary groupIds claims to gain super administrator access to any URL on vlife instances.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-110612"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-10-14T15:17:13Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "vlife through 2.0.1 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to forge JWTs using the hardcoded HS256 signing key in TokenUtil. Attackers can sign a token with superUser=true and arbitrary groupIds claims to gain super administrator access to any URL on vlife instances.",
  "id": "GHSA-v9cf-gm8v-mp4m",
  "modified": "2026-10-14T15:32:25Z",
  "published": "2026-10-14T15:32:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-110612"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/wwwlike/vlife"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/wwwlike/vlife/blob/4f03b19b91d82781939653f5b0d9a70721734d6d/vlife-base/src/main/java/cn/wwwlike/config/VlifeUrlDecisionManager.java#L25"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/wwwlike/vlife/blob/4f03b19b91d82781939653f5b0d9a70721734d6d/vlife-boot-starter-web/src/main/java/cn/wwwlike/web/security/filter/TokenUtil.java#L33-L58"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackmd.io/@1ExmmukzRMWN7B4gQ4W-4Q/vlife-hardcoded-jwt-secret-token-forgery"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vlife-through-2.0.1-authentication-bypass-via-hardcoded-jwt-secret-in-tokenutil"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VFW8-4P7F-CJJH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:38 – Updated: 2022-12-13 18:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE X-300 switch family (incl. X408 and SIPLUS NET variants) (All versions < V4.1.0). Devices do not create a new unique private key after factory reset. An attacker could leverage this situation to a man-in-the-middle situation and decrypt previously captured traffic.

Severity
5.9 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-28395"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321",
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-01-12T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE X-300 switch family (incl. X408 and SIPLUS NET variants) (All versions \u003c V4.1.0). Devices do not create a new unique private key after factory reset. An attacker could leverage this situation to a man-in-the-middle situation and decrypt previously captured traffic.",
  "id": "GHSA-vfw8-4p7f-cjjh",
  "modified": "2022-12-13T18:30:27Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:38:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28395"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-274900.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-012-02"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-061"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VG5W-CVP2-CJ2P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-13 21:36 – Updated: 2026-08-13 21:36
VLAI
Details

IBM Documentation Offline 1.0.0 through 1.4.1 could allow a remote attacker to forge valid session tokens due to the use of a hardcoded cryptographic key.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-17468"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-13T21:17:42Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "IBM Documentation Offline 1.0.0 through 1.4.1 could allow a remote attacker to forge valid session tokens due to the use of a hardcoded cryptographic key.",
  "id": "GHSA-vg5w-cvp2-cj2p",
  "modified": "2026-08-13T21:36:13Z",
  "published": "2026-08-13T21:36:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-17468"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7283484"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VHQP-G9VM-GC6G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:54 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:43
VLAI
Details

Metasys? ADS/ADX servers and NAE/NIE/NCE engines prior to 9.0 make use of a hardcoded RC2 key for certain encryption operations involving the Site Management Portal (SMP).

Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-7594"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321",
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-08-20T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Metasys? ADS/ADX servers and NAE/NIE/NCE engines prior to 9.0 make use of a hardcoded RC2 key for certain encryption operations involving the Site Management Portal (SMP).",
  "id": "GHSA-vhqp-g9vm-gc6g",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T01:43:39Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:54:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7594"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.johnsoncontrols.com/-/media/jci/cyber-solutions/product-security-advisories/2019/jci-psa-2019-06-v1-metasys-icsa-19-227-01.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-19-227-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VJV8-GHPR-HW4Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-17 18:31 – Updated: 2026-09-17 18:31
VLAI
Details

SolarWinds Access Rights Manager was reported to be affected by an unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability. The issue stems from a hardcoded static key.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-28326"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-17T17:16:39Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "SolarWinds Access Rights Manager was reported to be affected by an unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability. The issue stems from a hardcoded static key.",
  "id": "GHSA-vjv8-ghpr-hw4q",
  "modified": "2026-09-17T18:31:47Z",
  "published": "2026-09-17T18:31:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28326"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://documentation.solarwinds.com/en/success_center/arm/content/secure-your-arm-deployment.htm"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://documentation.solarwinds.com/en/success_center/whd/content/release_notes/arm_2026-2-1_release_notes.htm"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.solarwinds.com/trust-center/security-advisories/CVE-2026-28326"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Prevention schemes mirror that of hard-coded password storage.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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