CWE-306
AllowedMissing Authentication for Critical Function
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not perform any authentication for functionality that requires a provable user identity or consumes a significant amount of resources.
3634 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-6HG7-QV2M-R4HM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-06 15:31 – Updated: 2026-03-06 15:31WebSocket endpoints lack proper authentication mechanisms, enabling attackers to perform unauthorized station impersonation and manipulate data sent to the backend. An unauthenticated attacker can connect to the OCPP WebSocket endpoint using a known or discovered charging station identifier, then issue or receive OCPP commands as a legitimate charger. Given that no authentication is required, this can lead to privilege escalation, unauthorized control of charging infrastructure, and corruption of charging network data reported to the backend.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-26051"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-06T15:16:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "WebSocket endpoints lack proper authentication mechanisms, enabling attackers to perform unauthorized station impersonation and manipulate data sent to the backend. An unauthenticated attacker can connect to the OCPP WebSocket endpoint using a known or discovered charging station identifier, then issue or receive OCPP commands as a legitimate charger. Given that no authentication is required, this can lead to privilege escalation, unauthorized control of charging infrastructure, and corruption of charging network data reported to the backend.",
"id": "GHSA-6hg7-qv2m-r4hm",
"modified": "2026-03-06T15:31:30Z",
"published": "2026-03-06T15:31:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-26051"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-062-06.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mobiliti.hu/emobilitas/ugyfeltamogatas/ugyfelszolgalat"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-062-06"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-6HVJ-6W92-PCRJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-22 00:31Vulnerability in the Oracle Coherence product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Core). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0, 14.1.1.0.0, 14.1.2.0.0 and 15.1.1.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via TCP to compromise Oracle Coherence. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Coherence. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-60251"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-21T22:17:27Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Coherence product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Core). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0, 14.1.1.0.0, 14.1.2.0.0 and 15.1.1.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via TCP to compromise Oracle Coherence. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Coherence. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-6hvj-6w92-pcrj",
"modified": "2026-07-22T00:31:27Z",
"published": "2026-07-22T00:31:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-60251"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6J5F-PM23-XCWQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:56 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:00In Honeywell Performance IP Cameras and Performance NVRs, the integrated web server of the affected devices could allow remote attackers to obtain web configuration data in JSON format for IP cameras and NVRs (Network Video Recorders), which can be accessed without authentication over the network. Affected performance IP Cameras: HBD3PR2,H4D3PRV3,HED3PR3,H4D3PRV2,HBD3PR1,H4W8PR2,HBW8PR2,H2W2PC1M,H2W4PER3,H2W2PER3,HEW2PER3,HEW4PER3B,HBW2PER1,HEW4PER2,HEW4PER2B,HEW2PER2,H4W2PER2,HBW2PER2,H4W2PER3, and HPW2P1. Affected Performance Series NVRs: HEN08104,HEN08144,HEN081124,HEN16104,HEN16144,HEN16184,HEN16204,HEN162244,HEN16284,HEN16304,HEN16384,HEN32104,HEN321124,HEN32204,HEN32284,HEN322164,HEN32304, HEN32384,HEN323164,HEN64204,HEN64304,HEN643164,HEN643324,HEN643484,HEN04103,HEN04113,HEN04123,HEN08103,HEN08113,HEN08123,HEN08143,HEN16103,HEN16123,HEN16143,HEN16163,HEN04103L,HEN08103L,HEN16103L,HEN32103L.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-13523"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-200",
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-09-26T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In Honeywell Performance IP Cameras and Performance NVRs, the integrated web server of the affected devices could allow remote attackers to obtain web configuration data in JSON format for IP cameras and NVRs (Network Video Recorders), which can be accessed without authentication over the network. Affected performance IP Cameras: HBD3PR2,H4D3PRV3,HED3PR3,H4D3PRV2,HBD3PR1,H4W8PR2,HBW8PR2,H2W2PC1M,H2W4PER3,H2W2PER3,HEW2PER3,HEW4PER3B,HBW2PER1,HEW4PER2,HEW4PER2B,HEW2PER2,H4W2PER2,HBW2PER2,H4W2PER3, and HPW2P1. Affected Performance Series NVRs: HEN08104,HEN08144,HEN081124,HEN16104,HEN16144,HEN16184,HEN16204,HEN162244,HEN16284,HEN16304,HEN16384,HEN32104,HEN321124,HEN32204,HEN32284,HEN322164,HEN32304, HEN32384,HEN323164,HEN64204,HEN64304,HEN643164,HEN643324,HEN643484,HEN04103,HEN04113,HEN04123,HEN08103,HEN08113,HEN08123,HEN08143,HEN16103,HEN16123,HEN16143,HEN16163,HEN04103L,HEN08103L,HEN16103L,HEN32103L.",
"id": "GHSA-6j5f-pm23-xcwq",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:00:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:56:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-13523"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-19-260-03"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6J93-38RF-CF9G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-25 18:31 – Updated: 2026-02-25 21:31Due to missing authentication, a user with physical access to the device can misuse the mesh functionality for adding a new mesh device to the network to gain access to sensitive information, including the password for admin access to the web interface and the Wi-Fi passwords.This issue affects MR9600: 1.0.4.205530; MX4200: 1.0.13.210200.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-27846"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-25T16:23:28Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Due to missing authentication, a user with physical access to the device can misuse the mesh functionality for adding a new mesh device to the network\u00a0\nto gain access to sensitive information, including the password for admin access to the web interface and the Wi-Fi passwords.This issue affects MR9600: 1.0.4.205530; MX4200: 1.0.13.210200.",
"id": "GHSA-6j93-38rf-cf9g",
"modified": "2026-02-25T21:31:18Z",
"published": "2026-02-25T18:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27846"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Publikationen/Advisories/SYSS-2025-002.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6JW9-8FHM-RWM9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-29 04:12 – Updated: 2026-04-29 04:12Delta Electronics DIAView has an authentication bypass vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-58318"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-01T08:15:32Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Delta Electronics DIAView has an authentication bypass vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-6jw9-8fhm-rwm9",
"modified": "2026-04-29T04:12:17Z",
"published": "2026-04-29T04:12:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58318"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://filecenter.deltaww.com/news/download/doc/Delta-PCSA-2025-00015_DIAView%20Authentication%20%20Bypass%20Vulnerability.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-6M87-6G5F-CR9V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-22 00:31Vulnerability in the JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Advanced Pricing - Procurement product of Oracle JD Edwards (component: Advanced Pricing). The supported version that is affected is 9.2. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via JDENET to compromise JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Advanced Pricing - Procurement. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Advanced Pricing - Procurement. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-60496"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-21T22:17:50Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Advanced Pricing - Procurement product of Oracle JD Edwards (component: Advanced Pricing). The supported version that is affected is 9.2. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via JDENET to compromise JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Advanced Pricing - Procurement. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Advanced Pricing - Procurement. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-6m87-6g5f-cr9v",
"modified": "2026-07-22T00:31:44Z",
"published": "2026-07-22T00:31:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-60496"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6MJQ-9P26-VG33
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-25 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:40PingID Desktop prior to the latest released version 1.7.4 contains a vulnerability that can be exploited to bypass the maximum PIN attempts permitted before the time-based lockout is activated.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-40725"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-288",
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-25T19:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "PingID Desktop prior to the latest released version 1.7.4 contains a vulnerability that can be exploited to bypass the maximum PIN attempts permitted before the time-based lockout is activated.",
"id": "GHSA-6mjq-9p26-vg33",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:40:54Z",
"published": "2023-04-25T21:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40725"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.pingidentity.com/r/en-us/pingid/desktop_app_1.7.4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6MMQ-WFVF-JXF6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-02 09:32 – Updated: 2024-07-02 09:32A vulnerability allows unauthorized access to functionality inadequately constrained by ACLs. Attackers may exploit this to unauthenticated execute commands potentially leading to unauthorized data manipulation, access to privileged functions, or even the execution of arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-41918"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-02T08:15:03Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A vulnerability allows unauthorized access to functionality inadequately constrained by ACLs. Attackers may exploit this to unauthenticated execute commands potentially leading to unauthorized data manipulation, access to privileged functions, or even the execution of arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-6mmq-wfvf-jxf6",
"modified": "2024-07-02T09:32:05Z",
"published": "2024-07-02T09:32:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41918"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://advisories.ncsc.nl/advisory?id=NCSC-2024-0273"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6MRR-Q3PJ-H53W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-24 16:57 – Updated: 2026-03-25 20:59Summary
Guest users can access Config Sync updater index, obtain signed data, and execute state-changing Config Sync actions (regenerate-yaml, apply-yaml-changes) without authentication.
Details
ConfigSyncController extends BaseUpdaterController, and the base updater is anonymously accessible for control panel requests. index emits signed updater state (data), which can be reused by guests in subsequent requests.
Sensitive actions that are reachable via this method are actionApplyYamlChanges, actionRegenerateYaml, applyExternalChanges, and regenerateExternalConfig.
Reproduction steps
-
Guest POST to:
http POST /admin/actions/config-sync/index
-
Extract data from returned JS state:
Craft.updater = ... setState({"data":"", ...});
-
Reuse data as a guest:
POST /admin/actions/config-sync/regenerate-yaml
data=<signedData>&<csrfParam>=<csrfToken>
or
POST /admin/actions/config-sync/apply-yaml-changes
data=<signedData>&<csrfParam>=<csrfToken>
- Observe completed response and state/file changes.
Impact
Unauthenticated users can execute project configuration sync operations that should be restricted to trusted admin/deployment contexts.
Depending on the pending YAML/config state, this can cause unauthorized config state transitions and a service integrity risk.
Resources
https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/7f0ead833f7
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 5.9.13"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "craftcms/cms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.0.0-RC1"
},
{
"fixed": "5.9.14"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.17.7"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "craftcms/cms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0-RC1"
},
{
"fixed": "4.17.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33159"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-24T16:57:17Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-24T18:16:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\nGuest users can access Config Sync updater `index`, obtain signed `data`, and execute state-changing Config Sync actions (`regenerate-yaml`, `apply-yaml-changes`) without authentication.\n\n### Details\n\n`ConfigSyncController` extends `BaseUpdaterController`, and the base updater is anonymously accessible for control panel requests. `index` emits signed updater state (`data`), which can be reused by guests in subsequent requests.\n\nSensitive actions that are reachable via this method are `actionApplyYamlChanges`, `actionRegenerateYaml`, `applyExternalChanges`, and `regenerateExternalConfig`.\n\n#### Reproduction steps\n\n1. Guest POST to:\n\n http POST /admin/actions/config-sync/index\n\n 2. Extract data from returned JS state:\n\n Craft.updater = ... setState({\"data\":\"\u003csignedData\u003e\", ...});\n\n 3. Reuse data as a guest:\n\n```\n POST /admin/actions/config-sync/regenerate-yaml\n data=\u003csignedData\u003e\u0026\u003ccsrfParam\u003e=\u003ccsrfToken\u003e\n```\n\n or\n\n```\n POST /admin/actions/config-sync/apply-yaml-changes\n data=\u003csignedData\u003e\u0026\u003ccsrfParam\u003e=\u003ccsrfToken\u003e\n```\n\n 4. Observe completed response and state/file changes.\n\n### Impact\n\nUnauthenticated users can execute project configuration sync operations that should be restricted to trusted admin/deployment contexts.\n\nDepending on the pending YAML/config state, this can cause unauthorized config state transitions and a service integrity risk.\n\n### Resources\n\nhttps://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/7f0ead833f7",
"id": "GHSA-6mrr-q3pj-h53w",
"modified": "2026-03-25T20:59:54Z",
"published": "2026-03-24T16:57:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-6mrr-q3pj-h53w"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33159"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/7f0ead833f7c2b91ae12003caad833479dd08592"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/releases/tag/4.17.8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/releases/tag/5.9.14"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Craft CMS: Unauthenticated Users Can Perform Restricted Project Config Sync Operations"
}
GHSA-6P46-CG8V-F84M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-12 15:32 – Updated: 2025-02-12 15:32A CWE-306 "Missing Authentication for Critical Function" in maxprofile/setup/routes.lua in Q-Free MaxTime less than or equal to version 2.11.0 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to disable an authentication profile server via crafted HTTP requests.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-26364"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-12T14:15:37Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A CWE-306 \"Missing Authentication for Critical Function\" in maxprofile/setup/routes.lua in Q-Free MaxTime less than or equal to version 2.11.0 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to disable an authentication profile server via crafted HTTP requests.",
"id": "GHSA-6p46-cg8v-f84m",
"modified": "2025-02-12T15:32:01Z",
"published": "2025-02-12T15:32:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-26364"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/labs/vulnerability-advisories-cve-2025-26364"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- Divide the software into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Identify which of these areas require a proven user identity, and use a centralized authentication capability.
- Identify all potential communication channels, or other means of interaction with the software, to ensure that all channels are appropriately protected, including those channels that are assumed to be accessible only by authorized parties. Developers sometimes perform authentication at the primary channel, but open up a secondary channel that is assumed to be private. For example, a login mechanism may be listening on one network port, but after successful authentication, it may open up a second port where it waits for the connection, but avoids authentication because it assumes that only the authenticated party will connect to the port.
- In general, if the software or protocol allows a single session or user state to persist across multiple connections or channels, authentication and appropriate credential management need to be used throughout.
Mitigation MIT-15
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation
- Where possible, avoid implementing custom, "grow-your-own" authentication routines and consider using authentication capabilities as provided by the surrounding framework, operating system, or environment. These capabilities may avoid common weaknesses that are unique to authentication; support automatic auditing and tracking; and make it easier to provide a clear separation between authentication tasks and authorization tasks.
- In environments such as the World Wide Web, the line between authentication and authorization is sometimes blurred. If custom authentication routines are required instead of those provided by the server, then these routines must be applied to every single page, since these pages could be requested directly.
Mitigation MIT-4.5
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator [REF-45].
Mitigation
When storing data in the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), use the provider's controls to require strong authentication for users who should be allowed to access the data [REF-1297] [REF-1298] [REF-1302].
CAPEC-12: Choosing Message Identifier
This pattern of attack is defined by the selection of messages distributed via multicast or public information channels that are intended for another client by determining the parameter value assigned to that client. This attack allows the adversary to gain access to potentially privileged information, and to possibly perpetrate other attacks through the distribution means by impersonation. If the channel/message being manipulated is an input rather than output mechanism for the system, (such as a command bus), this style of attack could be used to change the adversary's identifier to more a privileged one.
CAPEC-166: Force the System to Reset Values
An attacker forces the target into a previous state in order to leverage potential weaknesses in the target dependent upon a prior configuration or state-dependent factors. Even in cases where an attacker may not be able to directly control the configuration of the targeted application, they may be able to reset the configuration to a prior state since many applications implement reset functions.
CAPEC-216: Communication Channel Manipulation
An adversary manipulates a setting or parameter on communications channel in order to compromise its security. This can result in information exposure, insertion/removal of information from the communications stream, and/or potentially system compromise.
CAPEC-36: Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality
An adversary searches for and invokes interfaces or functionality that the target system designers did not intend to be publicly available. If interfaces fail to authenticate requests, the attacker may be able to invoke functionality they are not authorized for.
CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery
An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.