Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
7085 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-20317 (GCVE-0-2026-20317)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 16:19 – Updated: 2026-08-20 15:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
CVE Program bundle warning
The CVE Program recognizes that this CVE Record provides vulnerability information that a Supplier CNA believes is very important to consumers. The CVE Program has flagged this CVE Record as it assigns a single CVE ID to a collection of individual vulnerabilities which does not align with CVE's "one vulnerability, one ID" principle, and therefore provides incomplete information. For further clarification, please see the CVE Program's blog, "Preserving Vulnerability-Level Identification" linked below. Details within the CNA container below are viewable by clicking on the CNA name.
https://www.cve.org/Media/News/item/blog/2026/06/…Title
Cisco Secure Workload Software Security Hardening Release August 2026 - Improper Authentication Vulnerabilities
Summary
As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco Secure Workload engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in a software hardening release that addresses multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities.
The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-20317 are related to improper authentication issues that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) CWE-287.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 15:40 UTC
CWE
- CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Secure Workload |
Affected:
2.2.1.41
Affected: 3.2.1.18 Affected: 3.3.2.50 Affected: 3.4.1.28 Affected: 3.4.1.34 Affected: 2.3.1.45 Affected: 2.3.1.41 Affected: 3.3.2.28 Affected: 3.1.1.59 Affected: 2.0.2.20 Affected: 2.1.1.33 Affected: 2.1.1.29 Affected: 3.2.1.28 Affected: 3.4.1.35 Affected: 3.1.1.65 Affected: 3.1.1.67 Affected: 2.0.1.34 Affected: 2.3.1.49 Affected: 2.2.1.39 Affected: 3.4.1.19 Affected: 3.3.2.23 Affected: 3.1.1.61 Affected: 3.1.1.54 Affected: 3.5.1.17 Affected: 3.3.2.33 Affected: 3.5.1.1 Affected: 2.3.1.53 Affected: 3.5.1.20 Affected: 3.5.1.30 Affected: 3.3.2.16 Affected: 3.1.1.55 Affected: 3.4.1.6 Affected: 2.3.1.50 Affected: 2.3.1.52 Affected: 3.2.1.19 Affected: 2.2.1.35 Affected: 3.1.1.53 Affected: 3.1.1.70 Affected: 3.2.1.20 Affected: 3.5.1.2 Affected: 1.103.1.12 Affected: 2.3.1.51 Affected: 3.3.2.42 Affected: 3.4.1.1 Affected: 3.3.2.12 Affected: 2.1.1.31 Affected: 3.5.1.23 Affected: 3.3.2.53 Affected: 3.4.1.14 Affected: 3.3.2.2 Affected: 3.4.1.20 Affected: 3.3.2.35 Affected: 2.2.1.34 Affected: 1.102.21 Affected: 3.3.2.5 Affected: 3.5.1.31 Affected: 3.6.1.5 Affected: 3.2.1.31 Affected: 3.5.1.37 Affected: 3.4.1.40 Affected: 3.6.1.17 Affected: 3.6.1.21 Affected: 3.2.1.32 Affected: 3.2.1.33 Affected: 3.6.1.35 Affected: 3.6.1.36 Affected: 3.7.1.5 Affected: 3.6.1.47 Affected: 3.7.1.22 Affected: 3.6.1.52 Affected: 3.7.1.39 Affected: 3.8.1.1 Affected: 3.7.1.51 Affected: 3.8.1.19 Affected: 3.8.1.36 Affected: 3.7.1.59 Affected: 3.8.1.39 Affected: 3.9.1.1 Affected: 3.9.1.10 Affected: 3.9.1.24 Affected: 3.9.1.25 Affected: 3.9.1.28 Affected: 3.9.1.38 Affected: 3.8.1.53 Affected: 3.9.1.52 Affected: 3.10.1.1 Affected: 3.9.1.64 Affected: 3.10.2.11 Affected: 3.9.1.66 Affected: 3.10.3.19 Affected: 3.9.1.69 Affected: 3.10.4.8 Affected: 3.10.5.6 Affected: 4.0.1.1 Affected: 4.0.2.4 Affected: 4.0.2.5 Affected: 3.10.6.3 Affected: 3.10.7.4 Affected: 4.0.3.13 Affected: 4.0.3.17 Affected: 3.10.8.3 |
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GCVE-1-2026-20307 (CVE-2026-103651)
Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-10-01 07:24 – Updated: 2026-10-01 07:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
MISP HOTP Token Replay via Stale Session-Cached Counter Allows Second-Factor Authentication Bypass
Summary
MISP contains a vulnerability in its one-time password (OTP) authentication flow that allows replay of a consumed HOTP (paper) token and rewinding of the token counter.
The HOTP verification logic compared the submitted token against a counter value that was cached in the user's session at the time the password was entered, rather than against the authoritative counter stored in the database. Because the session-cached counter is not updated after a token is successfully consumed, an attacker who holds a valid session (password already submitted) can reuse a previously burned HOTP token. The stale cached counter still matches the replayed token, granting a second successful authentication and effectively rewinding the counter state.
Preconditions:
- The target user has HOTP (paper token) second-factor authentication enabled.
- The attacker possesses a valid session in which the password step has already been completed (the OTP step is pending).
- The attacker has access to at least one HOTP token value (e.g., a paper token list).
Security impact:
- Bypass of the second authentication factor, allowing unauthorized access to a user's MISP account.
- Corruption of the HOTP counter state, potentially invalidating subsequent legitimate tokens or enabling further replays.
Affected versions: <2.5.48.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
Supplier · CNA (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-01 07:22 UTC
CWE
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/f34aee2c7 | patch |
Impacted products
GCVE extensions
AI-generated
Human-reviewed
Confidence: medium
Model
qwen3.8:27b
1 event
advisory
bcp-05-x-01bcp-05-x-02bcp-05-x-03
Draft vulnerability metadata was generated from a git-format patch using an Ollama-hosted language model. Human validation is required before publication.
ai-computer-assisted:llm-generatedai-computer-assisted:classification
| Model | Source | Identifier |
|---|---|---|
| qwen3.8:27b | ollama | qwen3.8:27b |
- Generator
-
patch2vuln.pyon 2026-10-01 07:22 - Model
qwen3.8:27b- Input
-
https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/f34aee2c7.patch
9ec05e4a3d95… - Confidence
- medium
| Commit | Subject | Patch SHA-256 |
|---|---|---|
f34aee2c74e1
|
fix: [security] Burn paper OTP tokens against the stored | 9ec05e4a3d95… |
Fix summary
The fix replaces the session-cached HOTP counter lookup with a direct read of the authoritative counter from the database, performed under a Redis-based distributed lock scoped to the user. The token is verified against the current stored counter, the counter is incremented and persisted atomically within the locked section, and the lock is released in a finally block. Additionally, the cached OTP user session entry is deleted immediately after a successful login (for both TOTP and HOTP paths), preventing the stale session state from being reused.
Patch summary
In UsersController::otp(), the inline HOTP verification block (which used the session-cached $user['hotp_counter']) is replaced with a call to a new private method __consumeHotp(). This method acquires a Redis SETNX lock (misp:otp:hotp_lock:{userId}, 10 s TTL), re-fetches the user's totp secret and hotp_counter from the database, verifies the submitted OTP against the stored counter, increments and saves the counter, and releases the lock in a finally block. The otp_user session key is now deleted after both TOTP and HOTP successful login paths. Net change: +36 / -5 lines in app/Controller/UsersController.php.
CVSS rationale
AV:N – MISP is a network-accessible web application. AC:H – exploitation requires a valid session with the password step already completed, possession of a valid HOTP token value, and the session must still hold the stale cached counter; multiple preconditions must align. AT:N – no manipulation of the target system is needed. PR:L – the attacker must be an authenticated user with a pending OTP session. UI:N – no additional user interaction is required beyond the initial login flow. VC:H – successful exploitation grants full access to the target user's MISP account and its data. VI:H – the attacker can perform any action the user is authorized to perform, and the counter corruption may affect subsequent legitimate authentication. VA:N – no denial-of-service impact is evident. SC/SI/SA:N – no secondary system impact is indicated by the patch.
Weakness rationale
- CWE-362 The HOTP counter is shared mutable state accessed without synchronization. The session-cached copy becomes stale relative to the database copy, and no lock is held during read-verify-increment, allowing a concurrent or replayed request to operate on the old value.
- CWE-287 The OTP verification logic accepts a token that has already been consumed because it compares against a stale cached counter rather than the authoritative stored counter, effectively weakening the second-factor authentication check.
Attack pattern rationale
- CAPEC-111 The vulnerability is exploited by exploiting the time window between the session-cached counter being set (at password entry) and the token being consumed, allowing a replayed token to be validated against the stale value. CAPEC-111 (Race Condition) is the closest available CAPEC pattern; the attack is not a classic TOCTOU on a file or memory location but rather a stale-cache race on a shared counter, which falls under the broader race-condition category. No more specific CAPEC for session-cached credential state replay exists in the CAPEC catalog, so this is the best available match.
Assumptions to verify
- The tag_version_boundary metadata (v2.5.48, 41 commits after fix) is interpreted as the first release containing the fix; no explicit fixed_version or affected_version was provided in the metadata.
- The CAPEC-111 mapping is the closest available pattern; the vulnerability is specifically a stale-session-cache replay rather than a classic TOCTOU race, and no more precise CAPEC exists in the catalog.
- CVSS PR:L assumes the attacker already has a valid authenticated session (password step completed); if the threat model requires unauthenticated access, PR would be None but AC would remain High.
- The Redis lock is assumed to be available in the deployment; if Redis is not configured, the locking mechanism may be bypassed, though this is a deployment concern not reflected in the patch.
- The Co-Authored-By line references an AI assistant; it is recorded as a tool credit rather than a human remediation developer.
Model comparison
Selected qwen3.8:27b
by deterministic-consensus-v1
The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required.
| Model | Score | Agreement | Confidence | Assumptions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
qwen3.8:27b |
7 | 11 | medium | 5 |
- 2026-09-23 14:20 UTC Fix developed Corrective change authored (f34aee2c74e111fffd07e8ddde8e4843ccf998db): fix: [security] Burn paper OTP tokens against the stored https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/f34aee2c7.patch
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"The Redis lock is assumed to be available in the deployment; if Redis is not configured, the locking mechanism may be bypassed, though this is a deployment concern not reflected in the patch.",
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GCVE-1-2026-20246 (CVE-2026-90961)
Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-09-14 13:21 – Updated: 2026-09-14 13:22
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
MISP LdapAuth and LinOTPAuth Authentication Bypass via Empty or Non-String Credentials
Summary
The LdapAuth and LinOTPAuth authentication plugins in MISP contain an authentication bypass vulnerability. Both LdapAuthenticate and LinOTPAuthenticate replace CakePHP's FormAuthenticate class but fail to replicate its _checkFields() input validation guard. As a result, the email and password fields extracted from the login request are passed to downstream authentication logic without verifying that they are non-empty strings.
In the LDAP authenticator, an empty or null password is forwarded to ldap_bind(). Per RFC 4513 section 5.1.2, a bind request with a valid DN and an empty password constitutes an unauthenticated bind, which many LDAP directory servers accept as successful. An attacker who knows any valid user email address in the directory can therefore authenticate as that user without possessing a password. Additionally, non-string values (null, false, arrays) are either coerced to empty strings by ldap_bind(), raise TypeErrors, or are misinterpreted as find conditions in _findUser(), all of which can lead to unintended authentication outcomes.
In the LinOTP authenticator, the same missing guard allows non-string credentials to be concatenated into the LinOTP verification request, and in the mixed-authentication branch an empty password is accepted against a stored hash of the empty string.
A secondary issue in the LDAP authenticator is that newly created user accounts (auto-provisioned on first LDAP login) were assigned an empty password. Because the save path skips validation, the empty string is hashed and stored. If the user later ceases to be found in LDAP and the mixed-authentication fallback is used, the stored hash of the empty string verifies against an empty password, again permitting unauthenticated access.
The vulnerability requires that the affected plugin (LdapAuth or LinOTPAuth) is enabled on the MISP instance and that the attacker knows at least one valid email address registered in the directory or MISP user store. No prior authentication is required. Successful exploitation grants the attacker the full privileges of the impersonated user, which may include administrative access to threat intelligence data.
Version affected: ≤2.5.45
Severity
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/0ee058548 | patch |
GCVE extensions
AI-generated
Confidence: high
Model
qwen3.8:27b
advisory
bcp-05-x-01bcp-05-x-02
Draft vulnerability metadata was generated from a git-format patch using an Ollama-hosted language model. Human validation is required before publication.
ai-computer-assisted:llm-generatedai-computer-assisted:classification
| Model | Source | Identifier |
|---|---|---|
| qwen3.8:27b | ollama | qwen3.8:27b |
- Generator
-
patch2vuln.pyon 2026-09-14 13:14 - Model
qwen3.8:27b- Input
-
https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/0ee058548.patch
01b60b396532… - Confidence
- high
| Commit | Subject | Patch SHA-256 |
|---|---|---|
0ee0585486cd
|
fix: [security] Reject empty and non-string credentials in | 01b60b396532… |
Fix summary
The fix adds explicit type and emptiness validation for the email and password fields in both LdapAuthenticate and LinOTPAuthenticate before any authentication logic is invoked. Non-string or empty credentials are rejected with a logged error and a false return. Additionally, the LDAP authenticator now assigns a cryptographically random password to auto-provisioned user accounts instead of an empty string, preventing the stored hash of '' from being verifiable in the mixed-authentication fallback path. The LinOTP authenticator also rejects an empty password specifically in the mixed-authentication branch where the password is checked against the local database.
Patch summary
In LdapAuthenticate.php: (1) email and password are now extracted with isset() defaults to empty string; (2) a guard clause checks is_string() and non-emptiness for both fields, logging an error and returning false on failure; (3) the auto-provisioned user creation block now calls $userModel->generateRandomPassword() and stores that value in both 'password' and 'confirm_password' fields instead of empty strings. In LinOTPAuthenticate.php: (1) email, password, and otp are extracted with isset() defaults; (2) a guard clause checks is_string() and non-emptiness for email and is_string() for password, logging and returning false on failure; (3) in the mixed-authentication branch, an additional check rejects an empty password before calling _findUser().
CVSS rationale
AV:N: The vulnerability is exploitable over the network via the MISP web login endpoint. AC:L: Exploitation requires only sending a login request with an empty or non-string password field; no race conditions, specific directory configuration beyond accepting unauthenticated binds (which is common), or other special conditions are needed. AT:N: No attack target manipulation is required. PR:N: No prior authentication is needed; the attacker is attempting to authenticate. UI:N: No user interaction is required. VC:H: Successful exploitation grants the attacker the full data-access privileges of the impersonated user, potentially including all MISP threat intelligence data. VI:H: The attacker can create, modify, or delete MISP objects, tags, and configurations at the privilege level of the impersonated user. VA:N: No direct availability impact is demonstrated. SC/SI/SA:N: No separate subsequent system is identified; the impact is contained to the MISP instance itself.
Weakness rationale
- CWE-287 The primary impact is an authentication bypass: empty or non-string credentials allow an unauthenticated attacker to be authenticated as a known directory user. The root cause is the absence of the credential validation guard that FormAuthenticate normally provides.
- CWE-20 The underlying technical weakness is the failure to validate that user-supplied credential fields are non-empty strings before passing them to ldap_bind(), the LinOTP verifier, or _findUser(). Non-string types (null, false, arrays) and empty strings are all accepted and produce unintended authentication behavior.
Assumptions to verify
- The LDAP directory server is configured to accept unauthenticated (empty-password) binds, which is common but not universal; if the directory rejects empty-password binds, the LDAP-specific bypass is mitigated at the directory level, though the non-string credential and empty-password-hash issues remain.
- The attacker must know at least one valid email address that exists in the LDAP directory or MISP user store.
- The LdapAuth or LinOTPAuth plugin is enabled on the affected MISP instance.
- CVSS impact ratings assume the attacker can impersonate a user with high privileges (e.g., admin); actual impact scales with the privileges of the specific user impersonated.
- The exact fixed version is not specified in the patch metadata; the fix commit is 238 commits after tag v2.5.46, suggesting the fix landed in a release after 2.5.46, but the precise version boundary is unconfirmed.
- The LinOTP empty-password bypass in the mixed-auth branch requires the mixedauth setting to be enabled.
Model comparison
Selected qwen3.8:27b
by deterministic-consensus-v1
The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required.
| Model | Score | Agreement | Confidence | Assumptions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
qwen3.8:27b |
5 | 9 | high | 6 |
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CVE-2026-20182 (GCVE-0-2026-20182)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-14 16:08 – Updated: 2026-06-16 17:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller Authentication Bypass Vulnerability
Summary
May 2026: This security advisory provides the details and fix information for a vulnerability that was discovered and fixed after the was disclosed in February 2026. This new advisory is for a new vulnerability in the control connection handshaking. The section of this advisory includes Show Control Connections guidance to help with system checks.
A vulnerability in the peering authentication in Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller, formerly SD-WAN vSmart, Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager, formerly SD-WAN vManage, and Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Validator, formerly SD-WAN vBond, could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass authentication and obtain administrative privileges on an affected system.
This vulnerability exists because the peering authentication mechanism in an affected system is not working properly. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted requests to the affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to log in to an affected Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller as an internal, high-privileged, non-root user account. Using this account, the attacker could access NETCONF, which would then allow the attacker to manipulate network configuration for the SD-WAN fabric.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-14 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
3 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller |
Affected:
20.6.4
Affected: 20.9.2 Affected: 20.3.6 Affected: 20.7.2 Affected: 20.7.1 Affected: 20.5.1 Affected: 20.6.2 Affected: 19.3.0 Affected: 20.6.1 Affected: 17.2.4 Affected: 18.2.0 Affected: 18.4.6 Affected: 19.1.0 Affected: 19.2.4 Affected: 19.2.929 Affected: 18.3.8 Affected: 18.4.303 Affected: 18.3.7 Affected: 18.4.1 Affected: 19.2.097 Affected: 19.2.0 Affected: 19.2.099 Affected: 18.3.6 Affected: 20.4.2 Affected: 19.0.0 Affected: 20.9.1 Affected: 20.3.5 Affected: 20.3.1 Affected: 18.3.5 Affected: 20.6.3 Affected: 18.4.3 Affected: 18.4.4 Affected: 18.3.3 Affected: 17.2.8 Affected: 20.8.1 Affected: 19.2.32 Affected: 19.2.2 Affected: 17.2.5 Affected: 18.4.0 Affected: 20.4.1.1 Affected: 20.1.3 Affected: 20.1.2 Affected: 17.2.10 Affected: 19.2.098 Affected: 20.1.1 Affected: 17.2.6 Affected: 19.2.1 Affected: 18.3.4 Affected: 20.4.1 Affected: 17.2.9 Affected: 19.2.31 Affected: 19.0.1a Affected: 18.3.0 Affected: 17.2.7 Affected: 18.4.5 Affected: 20.3.4 Affected: 20.3.3 Affected: 20.4.1.2 Affected: 20.3.2 Affected: 18.3.1 Affected: 20.1.12 Affected: 19.2.3 Affected: 20.10.1 Affected: 20.6.5 Affected: 20.3.7 Affected: 20.9.3 Affected: 20.11.1 Affected: 20.6.3.2 Affected: 20.4.2.3 Affected: 20.3.5.1 Affected: 20.3.4.3 Affected: 20.9.3.1 Affected: 20.6.4.1 Affected: 20.3.3.2 Affected: 20.6.5.2 Affected: 20.3.7.1 Affected: 20.11.1.1 Affected: 20.10.1.1 Affected: 20.6.1.2 Affected: 20.1.3.1 Affected: 20.9.2.2 Affected: 20.6.5.3 Affected: 20.6.3.3 Affected: 20.3.7.2 Affected: 20.6.5.4 Affected: 20.9.2.3 Affected: 20.9.4 Affected: 20.12.1 Affected: 20.3.8 Affected: 20.6.6 Affected: 20.12.2 Affected: 20.13.1 Affected: 20.9.5 Affected: 20.12.3 Affected: 20.6.7 Affected: 20.9.5.1 Affected: 20.14.1 Affected: 20.12.3.1 Affected: 20.12.4 Affected: 20.15.1 Affected: 20.9.6 Affected: 20.6.8 Affected: 20.16.1 Affected: 20.9.5.3 Affected: 20.12.4.1 Affected: 20.15.2 Affected: 20.12.5 Affected: 20.9.7 Affected: 20.15.3 Affected: 20.12.5.1 Affected: 20.12.5.2 Affected: 20.15.4 Affected: 20.9.7.1 Affected: 20.12.6 Affected: 20.9.8 Affected: 20.15.4.1 Affected: 20.15.4.2 Affected: 20.12.5.3 Affected: 20.12.6.1 Affected: 20.9.8.2 Affected: 20.15.5 Affected: 20.12.7 Affected: 20.9.9 Affected: 20.15.5.1 Affected: 20.15.4.3 Affected: 20.15.4.5 Affected: 20.15.5.3 Affected: 20.12.7.2 Affected: 20.9.9.2 |
|
| Cisco | Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager |
Affected:
20.1.12
Affected: 19.2.1 Affected: 18.4.4 Affected: 18.4.5 Affected: 20.1.1.1 Affected: 20.1.1 Affected: 19.2.099 Affected: 18.3.6 Affected: 18.3.7 Affected: 19.2.0 Affected: 19.1.0 Affected: 18.4.303 Affected: 19.2.098 Affected: 18.3.6.1 Affected: 18.2.0 Affected: 17.2.8 Affected: 18.3.3.1 Affected: 18.4.0 Affected: 18.3.1 Affected: 17.2.6 Affected: 17.2.9 Affected: 17.2.5 Affected: 18.4.0.1 Affected: 18.3.3 Affected: 18.3.0 Affected: 19.2.3 Affected: 18.4.501_ES Affected: 20.1.2 Affected: 19.2.929 Affected: 19.2.31 Affected: 20.3.2 Affected: 19.2.4 Affected: 19.2.4.0.9 Affected: 20.1.3.1 |
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CVE-2026-20129 (GCVE-0-2026-20129)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-25 16:14 – Updated: 2026-03-20 21:47
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Catayst SD-WAN Authentication Bypass Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the API user authentication of Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to gain access to an affected system as a user who has the netadmin role.
The vulnerability is due to improper authentication for requests that are sent to the API. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted request to the API of an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute commands with the privileges of the netadmin role.
Note: Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager releases 20.18 and later are not affected by this vulnerability.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-26 04:56 UTC
CWE
- CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager |
Affected:
20.1.12
Affected: 19.2.1 Affected: 18.4.4 Affected: 18.4.5 Affected: 20.1.1.1 Affected: 20.1.1 Affected: 19.3.0 Affected: 19.2.2 Affected: 19.2.099 Affected: 18.3.6 Affected: 18.3.7 Affected: 19.2.0 Affected: 18.3.8 Affected: 19.0.0 Affected: 19.1.0 Affected: 18.4.302 Affected: 18.4.303 Affected: 19.2.097 Affected: 19.2.098 Affected: 17.2.10 Affected: 18.3.6.1 Affected: 19.0.1a Affected: 18.2.0 Affected: 18.4.3 Affected: 18.4.1 Affected: 17.2.8 Affected: 18.3.3.1 Affected: 18.4.0 Affected: 18.3.1 Affected: 17.2.6 Affected: 17.2.9 Affected: 18.3.4 Affected: 17.2.5 Affected: 18.3.1.1 Affected: 18.3.5 Affected: 18.4.0.1 Affected: 18.3.3 Affected: 17.2.7 Affected: 17.2.4 Affected: 18.3.0 Affected: 19.2.3 Affected: 18.4.501_ES Affected: 20.3.1 Affected: 20.1.2 Affected: 19.2.929 Affected: 19.2.31 Affected: 20.3.2 Affected: 19.2.32 Affected: 20.3.2_925 Affected: 20.3.2.1 Affected: 20.3.2.1_927 Affected: 18.4.6 Affected: 20.1.2_937 Affected: 20.4.1 Affected: 20.3.2_928 Affected: 20.3.2_929 Affected: 20.4.1.0.1 Affected: 20.3.2.1_930 Affected: 19.2.4 Affected: 20.5.0.1.1 Affected: 20.4.1.1 Affected: 20.3.3 Affected: 19.2.4.0.1 Affected: 20.3.2_937 Affected: 20.3.3.1 Affected: 20.5.1 Affected: 20.1.3 Affected: 20.3.3.0.4 Affected: 20.3.3.1.2 Affected: 20.3.3.1.1 Affected: 20.4.1.2 Affected: 20.3.3.0.2 Affected: 20.4.1.1.5 Affected: 20.4.1.0.01 Affected: 20.4.1.0.02 Affected: 20.3.3.1.7 Affected: 20.3.3.1.5 Affected: 20.5.1.0.1 Affected: 20.3.3.1.10 Affected: 20.3.3.0.8 Affected: 20.4.2 Affected: 20.4.2.0.1 Affected: 20.3.4 Affected: 20.3.3.0.14 Affected: 19.2.4.0.8 Affected: 19.2.4.0.9 Affected: 20.3.4.0.1 Affected: 20.3.2.0.5 Affected: 20.6.1 Affected: 20.5.1.0.2 Affected: 20.3.3.0.17 Affected: 20.6.1.1 Affected: 20.6.0.18.3 Affected: 20.3.2.0.6 Affected: 20.6.0.18.4 Affected: 20.4.2.0.2 Affected: 20.3.3.0.16 Affected: 20.3.4.0.5 Affected: 20.6.1.0.1 Affected: 20.3.4.0.6 Affected: 20.6.2 Affected: 20.7.1EFT2 Affected: 20.3.4.0.9 Affected: 20.3.4.0.11 Affected: 20.4.2.0.4 Affected: 20.3.3.0.18 Affected: 20.7.1 Affected: 20.6.2.1 Affected: 20.3.4.1 Affected: 20.5.1.1 Affected: 20.4.2.1 Affected: 20.4.2.1.1 Affected: 20.3.4.1.1 Affected: 20.3.813 Affected: 20.3.4.0.19 Affected: 20.4.2.2.1 Affected: 20.5.1.2 Affected: 20.3.4.2 Affected: 20.3.814 Affected: 20.4.2.2 Affected: 20.6.2.2 Affected: 20.3.4.2.1 Affected: 20.7.1.1 Affected: 20.3.4.1.2 Affected: 20.6.2.2.2 Affected: 20.3.4.0.20 Affected: 20.6.2.2.3 Affected: 20.4.2.2.2 Affected: 20.3.5 Affected: 20.6.2.0.4 Affected: 20.4.2.2.3 Affected: 20.3.4.0.24 Affected: 20.6.2.2.7 Affected: 20.6.3 Affected: 20.3.4.2.2 Affected: 20.4.2.2.4 Affected: 20.7.1.0.2 Affected: 20.8.1 Affected: 20.3.5.0.8 Affected: 20.3.5.0.9 Affected: 20.4.2.2.8 Affected: 20.3.5.0.7 Affected: 20.6.3.0.7 Affected: 20.6.3.0.5 Affected: 20.6.3.0.10 Affected: 20.6.3.0.2 Affected: 20.7.2 Affected: 20.9.1EFT2 Affected: 20.6.3.0.11 Affected: 20.6.3.1 Affected: 20.6.3.0.14 Affected: 20.6.4 Affected: 20.9.1 Affected: 20.6.3.0.19 Affected: 20.6.3.0.18 Affected: 20.3.6 Affected: 20.9.1.1 Affected: 20.6.3.0.23 Affected: 20.6.4.0.4 Affected: 20.6.3.0.25 Affected: 20.6.5 Affected: 20.6.3.0.27 Affected: 20.9.2 Affected: 20.9.2.1 Affected: 20.6.3.0.29 Affected: 20.6.3.0.31 Affected: 20.6.3.0.32 Affected: 20.10.1 Affected: 20.6.3.0.33 Affected: 20.9.2.0.01 Affected: 20.9.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.10.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.2_LI_Images Affected: 20.3.7 Affected: 20.9.3 Affected: 20.6.5.1 Affected: 20.11.1 Affected: 20.11.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.3_LI_ Images Affected: 20.6.3.1.1 Affected: 20.9.3.0.2 Affected: 20.6.5.1.2 Affected: 20.9.3.0.3 Affected: 20.4.2.3 Affected: 20.6.3.2 Affected: 20.6.4.1 Affected: 20.6.3.0.38 Affected: 20.6.3.0.39 Affected: 20.3.5.1 Affected: 20.3.4.3 Affected: 20.9.3.1 Affected: 20.3.3.2 Affected: 20.6.5.2 Affected: 20.3.7.1 Affected: 20.10.1.1 Affected: 20.6.5.2.1 Affected: 20.3.4.0.25 Affected: 20.6.2.2.4 Affected: 20.6.1.2 Affected: 20.11.1.1 Affected: 20.9.3.0.5 Affected: 20.3.4.0.26 Affected: 20.6.5.1.3 Affected: 20.6.3.0.40 Affected: 20.1.3.1 Affected: 20.9.2.2 Affected: 20.6.5.2.3 Affected: 20.6.5.1.4 Affected: 20.6.5.3 Affected: 20.6.3.0.41 Affected: 20.9.3.0.7 Affected: 20.6.5.1.5 Affected: 20.9.3.0.4 Affected: 20.6.4.0.19 Affected: 20.6.5.1.6 Affected: 20.9.3.0.8 Affected: 20.6.3.3 Affected: 20.3.7.2 Affected: 20.6.5.4 Affected: 20.6.5.1.7 Affected: 20.9.3.0.12 Affected: 20.6.4.2 Affected: 20.6.5.5 Affected: 20.9.3.2 Affected: 20.11.1.2 Affected: 20.6.3.4 Affected: 20.10.1.2 Affected: 20.6.5.1.9 Affected: 20.9.3.0.16 Affected: 20.6.3.0.45 Affected: 20.6.5.1.10 Affected: 20.9.3.0.17 Affected: 20.6.5.2.4 Affected: 20.6.4.0.21 Affected: 20.9.3.0.18 Affected: 20.6.3.0.46 Affected: 20.6.3.0.47 Affected: 20.9.2.3 Affected: 20.9.3.2_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.3.0.21 Affected: 20.9.3.0.20 Affected: 20.9.4_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.4 Affected: 20.6.5.1.11 Affected: 20.12.1 Affected: 20.12.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.6.5.1.13 Affected: 20.9.3.0.23 Affected: 20.6.5.2.8 Affected: 20.9.4.1 Affected: 20.9.4.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.3.0.25 Affected: 20.9.3.0.24 Affected: 20.6.5.1.14 Affected: 20.3.8 Affected: 20.6.6 Affected: 20.9.3.0.26 Affected: 20.6.3.0.51 Affected: 20.9.3.0.29 Affected: 20.12.2 Affected: 20.12.2_LI_Images Affected: 20.6.6.0.1 Affected: 20.13.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.4.0.4 Affected: 20.13.1 Affected: 20.9.4.1.1 Affected: 20.9.5 Affected: 20.9.5_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.3_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.3 Affected: 20.9.4.1.3 Affected: 20.6.7 Affected: 20.9.5.1 Affected: 20.9.5.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.4.1.6 Affected: 20.14.1 Affected: 20.14.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.5.2 Affected: 20.9.5.2.1 Affected: 20.9.5.2_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.3.1 Affected: 20.12.4 Affected: 20.15.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.15.1 Affected: 20.9.5.1.4 Affected: 20.9.5.2.7 Affected: 20.9.5.2.13 Affected: 20.9.6 Affected: 20.9.6_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.5.2.14 Affected: 20.6.8 Affected: 20.12.4.0.03 Affected: 20.16.1 Affected: 20.16.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.4_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.5.2.16 Affected: 20.12.4.0.4 Affected: 20.12.401 Affected: 20.9.5.3 Affected: 20.9.5.3_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.4.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.4.1 Affected: 20.9.5.2.21 Affected: 20.9.6.0.3 Affected: 20.12.4.0.6 Affected: 20.15.2_LI_Images Affected: 20.15.2 Affected: 20.12.4_Monthly_ES5 Affected: 20.12.5 Affected: 20.12.5_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.7_LI _Images Affected: 20.9.7 Affected: 20.15.3 Affected: 20.15.3_ LI _Images Affected: 20.12.501 Affected: 20.12.5.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.5.1 Affected: 20.12.5.2_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.5.2 Affected: 20.15.3.1 Affected: 20.15.4_LI_Images Affected: 20.15.4 Affected: 20.9.7.1_LI _Images Affected: 20.9.7.1 Affected: 20.18.1 Affected: 20.18.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.6_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.6 Affected: 20.12.5.1.01 Affected: 20.9.8 Affected: 20.9.8_LI_Images Affected: 20.18.2 Affected: 20.15.4.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.15.4.1 Affected: 20.18.2_LI_Images |
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"value": "The Cisco PSIRT is not aware of any public announcements or malicious use of the vulnerabilities that are described in CVE-2026-20133, CVE-2026-20126, and CVE-2026-20129.\r\n\r\nIn March 2026, the Cisco PSIRT became aware of active exploitation of the vulnerabilities that are described in CVE-2026-20128 and CVE-2026-20122 only. The vulnerabilities that are described in the other CVEs in this advisory are not known to have been compromised. Cisco strongly recommends that customers upgrade to a fixed software release to remediate these vulnerabilities."
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CVE-2026-20127 (GCVE-0-2026-20127)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-25 16:14 – Updated: 2026-06-16 17:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller Authentication Bypass Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the peering authentication in Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller, formerly SD-WAN vSmart, Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager, formerly SD-WAN vManage, and Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Validator, formerly SD-WAN vBond, could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass authentication and obtain administrative privileges on an affected system.
This vulnerability exists because the peering authentication mechanism in an affected system is not working properly. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted requests to an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to log in to an affected Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller as an internal, high-privileged, non-root user account. Using this account, the attacker could access NETCONF, which would then allow the attacker to manipulate network configuration for the SD-WAN fabric.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-26 04:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/c… | |
| https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit… | government-resource |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager |
Affected:
20.1.12
Affected: 19.2.1 Affected: 18.4.4 Affected: 18.4.5 Affected: 20.1.1.1 Affected: 20.1.1 Affected: 19.3.0 Affected: 19.2.2 Affected: 19.2.099 Affected: 18.3.6 Affected: 18.3.7 Affected: 19.2.0 Affected: 18.3.8 Affected: 19.0.0 Affected: 19.1.0 Affected: 18.4.302 Affected: 18.4.303 Affected: 19.2.097 Affected: 19.2.098 Affected: 17.2.10 Affected: 18.3.6.1 Affected: 19.0.1a Affected: 18.2.0 Affected: 18.4.3 Affected: 18.4.1 Affected: 17.2.8 Affected: 18.3.3.1 Affected: 18.4.0 Affected: 18.3.1 Affected: 17.2.6 Affected: 17.2.9 Affected: 18.3.4 Affected: 17.2.5 Affected: 18.3.1.1 Affected: 18.3.5 Affected: 18.4.0.1 Affected: 18.3.3 Affected: 17.2.7 Affected: 17.2.4 Affected: 18.3.0 Affected: 19.2.3 Affected: 18.4.501_ES Affected: 20.3.1 Affected: 20.1.2 Affected: 19.2.929 Affected: 19.2.31 Affected: 20.3.2 Affected: 19.2.32 Affected: 20.3.2_925 Affected: 20.3.2.1 Affected: 20.3.2.1_927 Affected: 18.4.6 Affected: 20.1.2_937 Affected: 20.4.1 Affected: 20.3.2_928 Affected: 20.3.2_929 Affected: 20.4.1.0.1 Affected: 20.3.2.1_930 Affected: 19.2.4 Affected: 20.5.0.1.1 Affected: 20.4.1.1 Affected: 20.3.3 Affected: 19.2.4.0.1 Affected: 20.3.2_937 Affected: 20.3.3.1 Affected: 20.5.1 Affected: 20.1.3 Affected: 20.3.3.0.4 Affected: 20.3.3.1.2 Affected: 20.3.3.1.1 Affected: 20.4.1.2 Affected: 20.3.3.0.2 Affected: 20.4.1.1.5 Affected: 20.4.1.0.01 Affected: 20.4.1.0.02 Affected: 20.3.3.1.7 Affected: 20.3.3.1.5 Affected: 20.5.1.0.1 Affected: 20.3.3.1.10 Affected: 20.3.3.0.8 Affected: 20.4.2 Affected: 20.4.2.0.1 Affected: 20.3.4 Affected: 20.3.3.0.14 Affected: 19.2.4.0.8 Affected: 19.2.4.0.9 Affected: 20.3.4.0.1 Affected: 20.3.2.0.5 Affected: 20.6.1 Affected: 20.5.1.0.2 Affected: 20.3.3.0.17 Affected: 20.6.1.1 Affected: 20.6.0.18.3 Affected: 20.3.2.0.6 Affected: 20.6.0.18.4 Affected: 20.4.2.0.2 Affected: 20.3.3.0.16 Affected: 20.3.4.0.5 Affected: 20.6.1.0.1 Affected: 20.3.4.0.6 Affected: 20.6.2 Affected: 20.7.1EFT2 Affected: 20.3.4.0.9 Affected: 20.3.4.0.11 Affected: 20.4.2.0.4 Affected: 20.3.3.0.18 Affected: 20.7.1 Affected: 20.6.2.1 Affected: 20.3.4.1 Affected: 20.5.1.1 Affected: 20.4.2.1 Affected: 20.4.2.1.1 Affected: 20.3.4.1.1 Affected: 20.3.813 Affected: 20.3.4.0.19 Affected: 20.4.2.2.1 Affected: 20.5.1.2 Affected: 20.3.4.2 Affected: 20.3.814 Affected: 20.4.2.2 Affected: 20.6.2.2 Affected: 20.3.4.2.1 Affected: 20.7.1.1 Affected: 20.3.4.1.2 Affected: 20.6.2.2.2 Affected: 20.3.4.0.20 Affected: 20.6.2.2.3 Affected: 20.4.2.2.2 Affected: 20.3.5 Affected: 20.6.2.0.4 Affected: 20.4.2.2.3 Affected: 20.3.4.0.24 Affected: 20.6.2.2.7 Affected: 20.6.3 Affected: 20.3.4.2.2 Affected: 20.4.2.2.4 Affected: 20.7.1.0.2 Affected: 20.8.1 Affected: 20.3.5.0.8 Affected: 20.3.5.0.9 Affected: 20.4.2.2.8 Affected: 20.3.5.0.7 Affected: 20.6.3.0.7 Affected: 20.6.3.0.5 Affected: 20.6.3.0.10 Affected: 20.6.3.0.2 Affected: 20.7.2 Affected: 20.9.1EFT2 Affected: 20.6.3.0.11 Affected: 20.6.3.1 Affected: 20.6.3.0.14 Affected: 20.6.4 Affected: 20.9.1 Affected: 20.6.3.0.19 Affected: 20.6.3.0.18 Affected: 20.3.6 Affected: 20.9.1.1 Affected: 20.6.3.0.23 Affected: 20.6.4.0.4 Affected: 20.6.3.0.25 Affected: 20.6.5 Affected: 20.6.3.0.27 Affected: 20.9.2 Affected: 20.9.2.1 Affected: 20.6.3.0.29 Affected: 20.6.3.0.31 Affected: 20.6.3.0.32 Affected: 20.10.1 Affected: 20.6.3.0.33 Affected: 20.9.2.0.01 Affected: 20.9.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.10.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.2_LI_Images Affected: 20.3.7 Affected: 20.9.3 Affected: 20.6.5.1 Affected: 20.11.1 Affected: 20.11.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.3_LI_ Images Affected: 20.6.3.1.1 Affected: 20.9.3.0.2 Affected: 20.6.5.1.2 Affected: 20.9.3.0.3 Affected: 20.4.2.3 Affected: 20.6.3.2 Affected: 20.6.4.1 Affected: 20.6.3.0.38 Affected: 20.6.3.0.39 Affected: 20.3.5.1 Affected: 20.3.4.3 Affected: 20.9.3.1 Affected: 20.3.3.2 Affected: 20.6.5.2 Affected: 20.3.7.1 Affected: 20.10.1.1 Affected: 20.6.5.2.1 Affected: 20.3.4.0.25 Affected: 20.6.2.2.4 Affected: 20.6.1.2 Affected: 20.11.1.1 Affected: 20.9.3.0.5 Affected: 20.3.4.0.26 Affected: 20.6.5.1.3 Affected: 20.6.3.0.40 Affected: 20.1.3.1 Affected: 20.9.2.2 Affected: 20.6.5.2.3 Affected: 20.6.5.1.4 Affected: 20.6.5.3 Affected: 20.6.3.0.41 Affected: 20.9.3.0.7 Affected: 20.6.5.1.5 Affected: 20.9.3.0.4 Affected: 20.6.4.0.19 Affected: 20.6.5.1.6 Affected: 20.9.3.0.8 Affected: 20.6.3.3 Affected: 20.3.7.2 Affected: 20.6.5.4 Affected: 20.6.5.1.7 Affected: 20.9.3.0.12 Affected: 20.6.4.2 Affected: 20.6.5.5 Affected: 20.9.3.2 Affected: 20.11.1.2 Affected: 20.6.3.4 Affected: 20.10.1.2 Affected: 20.6.5.1.9 Affected: 20.9.3.0.16 Affected: 20.6.3.0.45 Affected: 20.6.5.1.10 Affected: 20.9.3.0.17 Affected: 20.6.5.2.4 Affected: 20.6.4.0.21 Affected: 20.9.3.0.18 Affected: 20.6.3.0.46 Affected: 20.6.3.0.47 Affected: 20.9.2.3 Affected: 20.9.3.2_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.3.0.21 Affected: 20.9.3.0.20 Affected: 20.9.4_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.4 Affected: 20.6.5.1.11 Affected: 20.12.1 Affected: 20.12.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.6.5.1.13 Affected: 20.9.3.0.23 Affected: 20.6.5.2.8 Affected: 20.9.4.1 Affected: 20.9.4.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.3.0.25 Affected: 20.9.3.0.24 Affected: 20.6.5.1.14 Affected: 20.3.8 Affected: 20.6.6 Affected: 20.9.3.0.26 Affected: 20.6.3.0.51 Affected: 20.9.3.0.29 Affected: 20.12.2 Affected: 20.12.2_LI_Images Affected: 20.6.6.0.1 Affected: 20.13.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.4.0.4 Affected: 20.13.1 Affected: 20.9.4.1.1 Affected: 20.9.5 Affected: 20.9.5_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.3_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.3 Affected: 20.9.4.1.3 Affected: 20.6.7 Affected: 20.9.5.1 Affected: 20.9.5.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.4.1.6 Affected: 20.14.1 Affected: 20.14.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.5.2 Affected: 20.9.5.2.1 Affected: 20.9.5.2_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.3.1 Affected: 20.12.4 Affected: 20.15.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.15.1 Affected: 20.9.5.1.4 Affected: 20.9.5.2.7 Affected: 20.9.5.2.13 Affected: 20.9.6 Affected: 20.9.6_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.5.2.14 Affected: 20.6.8 Affected: 20.12.4.0.03 Affected: 20.16.1 Affected: 20.16.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.4_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.5.2.16 Affected: 20.12.4.0.4 Affected: 20.12.401 Affected: 20.9.5.3 Affected: 20.9.5.3_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.4.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.4.1 Affected: 20.9.5.2.21 Affected: 20.9.6.0.3 Affected: 20.12.4.0.6 Affected: 20.15.2_LI_Images Affected: 20.15.2 Affected: 20.12.4_Monthly_ES5 Affected: 20.12.5 Affected: 20.12.5_LI_Images Affected: 20.9.7_LI _Images Affected: 20.9.7 Affected: 20.15.3 Affected: 20.15.3_ LI _Images Affected: 20.12.501 Affected: 20.12.5.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.5.1 Affected: 20.12.5.2_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.5.2 Affected: 20.15.3.1 Affected: 20.15.4_LI_Images Affected: 20.15.4 Affected: 20.9.7.1_LI _Images Affected: 20.9.7.1 Affected: 20.18.1 Affected: 20.18.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.6_LI_Images Affected: 20.12.6 Affected: 20.12.5.1.01 Affected: 20.9.8 Affected: 20.9.8_LI_Images Affected: 20.18.2 Affected: 20.15.4.1_LI_Images Affected: 20.15.4.1 Affected: 20.18.2_LI_Images |
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],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A vulnerability in the peering authentication in Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller, formerly SD-WAN vSmart, Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager, formerly SD-WAN vManage, and Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Validator, formerly SD-WAN vBond, could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass authentication and obtain administrative privileges on an affected system.\r\n\r\nThis vulnerability exists because the peering authentication mechanism in an affected system is not working properly. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted requests to an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to log in to an affected Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller as an internal, high-privileged, non-root\u0026nbsp;user account. Using this account, the attacker could access NETCONF, which would then allow the attacker to manipulate network configuration for the SD-WAN fabric.\u0026nbsp;"
}
],
"exploits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "The Cisco PSIRT is aware of limited exploitation of this vulnerability. Cisco continues to strongly recommend that customers upgrade to a fixed software release to remediate this vulnerability."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 10,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "cvssV3_1"
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-287",
"description": "Improper Authentication",
"lang": "en",
"type": "cwe"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-16T17:57:59.054Z",
"orgId": "d1c1063e-7a18-46af-9102-31f8928bc633",
"shortName": "cisco"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "cisco-sa-sdwan-rpa-EHchtZk",
"url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-sdwan-rpa-EHchtZk"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "cisco-sa-sdwan-rpa-EHchtZk",
"defects": [
"CSCws52722"
],
"discovery": "INTERNAL"
},
"title": "Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller Authentication Bypass Vulnerability"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "d1c1063e-7a18-46af-9102-31f8928bc633",
"assignerShortName": "cisco",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-20127",
"datePublished": "2026-02-25T16:14:20.137Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-10-08T11:59:15.379Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-16T17:57:59.054Z",
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GCVE-1-2026-20116 (CVE-2026-107180)
Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-10-07 12:49 – Updated: 2026-10-07 12:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
MISP: Forced TOTP Enrolment Bypassed via Non-Browser Request Types on otp_required Instances
Summary
On MISP instances configured to require TOTP enrolment (Security.otp_required), the enforcement of the mandatory two-factor authentication setup applied only to standard browser requests. An authenticated user who had not yet enrolled in TOTP could bypass the forced setup by issuing any non-browser request type, including AJAX/XHR calls, REST API requests, .json format URLs, restSearch queries, or automation actions. Because these machine-readable request shapes cannot follow the redirect that the browser path uses to send the user to the TOTP enrolment page, the guard simply skipped the check and the user retained full access to the instance without completing the required second-factor setup.
The initial fix (commit 8deb0619e) added a guard specifically for AJAX requests. A follow-up fix (commit 6b527ba6e) broadened the guard to cover every non-browser request shape, while preserving the exemption for identities authenticated via API key (logged_by_authkey flag).
Impact: an authenticated user on an otp_required instance can operate with full access indefinitely without enrolling in TOTP, nullifying the instance-level two-factor authentication policy.
Affected version: <2.5.48
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
Supplier · CNA (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 12:45 UTC
References
2 references
Impacted products
GCVE extensions
AI-generated
Human-reviewed
Confidence: medium
Model
qwen3.8:27b
2 events
advisory
bcp-05-x-01bcp-05-x-02bcp-05-x-03
Draft vulnerability metadata was generated from a git-format patch using an Ollama-hosted language model. Human validation is required before publication.
ai-computer-assisted:llm-generatedai-computer-assisted:classification
| Model | Source | Identifier |
|---|---|---|
| qwen3.8:27b | ollama | qwen3.8:27b |
- Generator
-
patch2vuln.pyon 2026-10-07 12:45 - Model
qwen3.8:27b- Input
-
patch set (2 sources)
38ec10c8e322… - Confidence
- medium
| Commit | Subject | Patch SHA-256 |
|---|---|---|
8deb0619e5ed
|
fix: [login] enforce TOTP enrolment on AJAX requests | 9e42ef967102… |
6b527ba6e6a3
|
fix: [login] Refuse every unenrolled session request, not | f97d3076e297… |
Fix summary
The TOTP enrolment enforcement in the user verification path was extended from covering only standard browser requests to covering all non-browser request types (AJAX, REST, .json, automation). Any request that cannot follow the browser redirect to the TOTP setup page is now refused with a 403 Forbidden response if the user has not enrolled in TOTP and the instance requires it. Identities authenticated via API key remain exempt, as they are not browser sessions subject to the redirect-based enrolment flow.
Patch summary
In app/Controller/AppController.php, the __verifyUser method was modified. Patch 1 added a conditional block after the $isUserRequest definition that checks: the request is not a standard user request, it is an AJAX request, the user has no TOTP configured, Security.otp_required is enabled, the role does not have perm_skip_otp, and the current action is not one of the allowed exceptions (terms, change_pw, logout, login, totp_new). If all conditions are met, a ForbiddenException is thrown. Patch 2 replaced the $this->request->is('ajax') condition with empty($user['logged_by_authkey']), broadening the guard to all non-browser request types while explicitly exempting API-key-authenticated sessions.
CVSS rationale
AV:N - the bypass is achieved over the network via HTTP requests. AC:L - the attack is trivially simple: change the request type (add X-Requested-With header, append .json, use REST endpoint). AT:N - no special target conditions. PR:L - the attacker needs a valid authenticated session (low privilege: any user account). UI:N - no victim interaction beyond the attacker's own request. VC:H - the two-factor authentication requirement is completely bypassed, meaning the confidentiality protection provided by mandatory 2FA is nullified; the user retains full data access without the second factor. VI:N, VA:N - no integrity or availability impact on the MISP component. SC:N, SI:N, SA:N - no impact on subsequent components. The primary impact is the bypass of an authentication control (confidentiality of the 2FA gate).
Weakness rationale
- CWE-287 The TOTP (two-factor) authentication requirement is not properly enforced across all request types. The authentication gate (forced TOTP enrolment) is bypassed for non-browser requests, allowing a user to operate without completing the required second factor. This is a failure to properly enforce an authentication requirement.
- CWE-306 The critical function of enforcing TOTP enrolment on otp_required instances is missing for AJAX, REST, .json, and automation request paths. The authentication check is present for browser requests but absent for all other request shapes, constituting a missing authentication control on a critical security function.
Attack pattern rationale
- CAPEC-128 The access control policy requiring TOTP enrolment is incorrectly scoped to only standard browser requests. An attacker (or the legitimate user) exploits this misconfiguration by issuing requests in a non-browser format (AJAX, REST, .json) that the access control check does not cover. This is the closest CAPEC to the observed bypass of a security control due to incomplete scoping of the enforcement logic. The mapping is approximate because the bypass is of an authentication requirement rather than a traditional authorization rule, but CAPEC-128 best captures the pattern of exploiting an access control that is not uniformly applied.
Assumptions to verify
- The affected MISP version range is not specified in the patch metadata; the vulnerability is assumed to affect all versions prior to the fix commits (8deb0619e and 6b527ba6e) that contain the otp_required enforcement logic without the non-browser request guard.
- The CAPEC-128 mapping is approximate; the bypass is of an authentication requirement (forced TOTP enrolment) rather than a traditional authorization rule, but CAPEC-128 is the closest available pattern for exploiting an access control that is not uniformly applied across all request paths.
- CVSS VC:H assumes that bypassing the mandatory 2FA requirement constitutes a high confidentiality impact on the vulnerability component, as the instance-level security policy (requiring all users to have 2FA) is nullified for the affected user. If the instance's threat model considers 2FA as a defense-in-depth layer rather than a primary control, VC could be rated Lower.
- The patch evidence does not indicate whether the vulnerability is exploitable by an external unauthenticated attacker; the analysis assumes the attacker is an authenticated user (PR:L) who has not yet enrolled in TOTP.
- The two commits are treated as a single vulnerability per the patch_set_assumption; the first commit is an incomplete fix and the second is the complete fix.
Model comparison
Selected qwen3.8:27b
by deterministic-consensus-v1
The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required.
| Model | Score | Agreement | Confidence | Assumptions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
qwen3.8:27b |
7 | 11 | medium | 5 |
- 2026-09-23 07:53 UTC Fix developed Corrective change authored (8deb0619e5ed6b12a1aa94967c68c977eb05398f): fix: [login] enforce TOTP enrolment on AJAX requests https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/8deb0619e.patch
- 2026-09-28 11:55 UTC Fix developed Corrective change authored (6b527ba6e6a32aa574aa050eadf36207506dcea2): fix: [login] Refuse every unenrolled session request, not https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/6b527ba6e.patch
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GCVE-1-2026-20081 (CVE-2026-10611)
Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-06-02 12:44 – Updated: 2026-06-02 12:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OTP bypass via plugin-based LDAP authentication in MISP when LDAP mixed authentication is enabled
Summary
An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in MISP when LDAP mixed authentication is enabled with OTP enforcement. In deployments configured with LdapAuth.mixedAuth=true and Security.require_otp=true, users authenticated through an authentication plugin, such as LDAP, may have their authenticated session established during the application beforeFilter phase before the normal login flow enforces the OTP challenge.
As a result, an attacker with valid primary authentication credentials could bypass the required OTP step by authenticating through the plugin-backed login flow and then directly accessing another application URL instead of completing the OTP verification page. This allows access to the application as the affected user without providing a valid TOTP, HOTP, or email OTP code.
The issue affects configurations where plugin-based authentication is enabled and OTP is expected to be mandatory. The fix ensures that OTP requirements are checked immediately after plugin authentication and before the user session is established, redirecting users to the appropriate OTP challenge when required.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/39b3cb15aac43… | patch |
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CVE-2026-19977 (GCVE-0-2026-19977)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 03:00 – Updated: 2026-08-18 14:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
EFM ipTIME A3004T Session Validation httpcon_check_session_url improper authentication
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in EFM ipTIME A3004T 14.19.0. The affected element is the function httpcon_check_session_url of the component Session Validation. Performing a manipulation results in improper authentication. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 14:18 UTC
CWE
- CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/391156 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/391156/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-19977 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/873848 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/AdminSafe/CVE/issues/1 | exploitissue-tracking |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| EFM | ipTIME A3004T |
Affected:
14.19.0
cpe:2.3:a:efm:iptime_a3004t:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-19974 (GCVE-0-2026-19974)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 02:15 – Updated: 2026-08-18 13:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
treefrogframework treefrog-framework Session Cookie tsessioncookiestore.cpp strncmp improper authentication
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in treefrogframework treefrog-framework up to 2.11.2. This vulnerability affects the function std::strncmp of the file src/tsessioncookiestore.cpp of the component Session Cookie Handler. The manipulation results in improper authentication. The attack can be launched remotely. A high complexity level is associated with this attack. It is stated that the exploitability is difficult. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 13:24 UTC
CWE
- CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/391153 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/391153/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-19974 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/873625 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/theopaid/Authentication-Bypass… | exploit |
| https://github.com/treefrogframework/treefrog-fra… | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/treefrogframework/treefrog-fra… | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| treefrogframework | treefrog-framework |
Affected:
2.11.0
Affected: 2.11.1 Affected: 2.11.2 cpe:2.3:a:treefrogframework:treefrog-framework:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.