Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

5966 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-VV3P-4CQ3-5PPC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:14 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:14
VLAI
Details

The implementations of EAP-PWD in hostapd EAP Server, when built against a crypto library missing explicit validation on imported elements, do not validate the scalar and element values in EAP-pwd-Commit. An attacker may be able to use invalid scalar/element values to complete authentication, gaining session key and network access without needing or learning the password. Both hostapd with SAE support and wpa_supplicant with SAE support prior to and including version 2.4 are affected. Both hostapd with EAP-pwd support and wpa_supplicant with EAP-pwd support prior to and including version 2.7 are affected.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-9498"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-04-17T14:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The implementations of EAP-PWD in hostapd EAP Server, when built against a crypto library missing explicit validation on imported elements, do not validate the scalar and element values in EAP-pwd-Commit. An attacker may be able to use invalid scalar/element values to complete authentication, gaining session key and network access without needing or learning the password. Both hostapd with SAE support and wpa_supplicant with SAE support prior to and including version 2.4 are affected. Both hostapd with EAP-pwd support and wpa_supplicant with EAP-pwd support prior to and including version 2.7 are affected.",
  "id": "GHSA-vv3p-4cq3-5ppc",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:14:20Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:14:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9498"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/07/msg00030.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/56OBBOJJSKRTDGEXZOVFSTP4HDSDBLAE"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SVMJOFEYBGXZLFF5IOLW67SSOPKFEJP3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/TDOZGR3T7FVO5JSZWK2QPR7AOFIEJTIZ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/May/40"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.FreeBSD.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-19:03.wpa.asc"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://w1.fi/security/2019-4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.synology.com/security/advisory/Synology_SA_19_16"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-02/msg00021.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VV43-WV7X-5VM2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:21 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:21
VLAI
Details

J-Web in Juniper Junos OS before 12.1X46-D45, 12.1X46-D50, 12.1X47 before 12.1X47-D35, 12.3 before 12.3R12, 12.3X48 before 12.3X48-D25, 13.3 before 13.3R10, 13.3R9 before 13.3R9-S1, 14.1 before 14.1R7, 14.1X53 before 14.1X53-D35, 14.2 before 14.2R6, 15.1 before 15.1A2 or 15.1F4, 15.1X49 before 15.1X49-D30, and 15.1R before 15.1R3 might allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive information and consequently gain administrative privileges via unspecified vectors.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-1279"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-09-09T14:05:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "J-Web in Juniper Junos OS before 12.1X46-D45, 12.1X46-D50, 12.1X47 before 12.1X47-D35, 12.3 before 12.3R12, 12.3X48 before 12.3X48-D25, 13.3 before 13.3R10, 13.3R9 before 13.3R9-S1, 14.1 before 14.1R7, 14.1X53 before 14.1X53-D35, 14.2 before 14.2R6, 15.1 before 15.1A2 or 15.1F4, 15.1X49 before 15.1X49-D30, and 15.1R before 15.1R3 might allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive information and consequently gain administrative privileges via unspecified vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-vv43-wv7x-5vm2",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T01:21:59Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T01:21:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-1279"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://kb.juniper.net/InfoCenter/index?page=content\u0026id=JSA10754"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91759"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036302"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VV47-C6MC-7W69

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-14 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-22 00:01
VLAI
Details

VMware Workspace ONE Access has two authentication bypass vulnerabilities (CVE-2022-22955 & CVE-2022-22956) in the OAuth2 ACS framework. A malicious actor may bypass the authentication mechanism and execute any operation due to exposed endpoints in the authentication framework.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-22955"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-04-13T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "VMware Workspace ONE Access has two authentication bypass vulnerabilities (CVE-2022-22955 \u0026 CVE-2022-22956) in the OAuth2 ACS framework. A malicious actor may bypass the authentication mechanism and execute any operation due to exposed endpoints in the authentication framework.",
  "id": "GHSA-vv47-c6mc-7w69",
  "modified": "2022-04-22T00:01:07Z",
  "published": "2022-04-14T00:00:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22955"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2022-0011.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VV4F-XCQH-2XQQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:42 – Updated: 2025-04-11 03:42
VLAI
Details

Pointter PHP Content Management System 1.0 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and obtain administrative privileges via arbitrary values of the auser and apass cookies.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2010-4332"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2010-12-22T03:00:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Pointter PHP Content Management System 1.0 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and obtain administrative privileges via arbitrary values of the auser and apass cookies.",
  "id": "GHSA-vv4f-xcqh-2xqq",
  "modified": "2025-04-11T03:42:11Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T02:42:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-4332"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/42662"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/15740"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/515314/100/0/threaded"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.uncompiled.com/2010/12/pointter-php-content-management-system-unauthorized-privilege-escalation-cve-2010-4332"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-VV54-C2M8-PW38

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:20 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:01
VLAI
Details

Unauthorized system access in the login form in ServiceTonic Helpdesk software version < 9.0.35937 allows attacker to login without using a password.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-28024"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-11-08T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Unauthorized system access in the login form in ServiceTonic Helpdesk software version \u003c 9.0.35937 allows attacker to login without using a password.",
  "id": "GHSA-vv54-c2m8-pw38",
  "modified": "2022-07-13T00:01:14Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:20:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-28024"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.servicetonic.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.srlabs.de/bites/chaining-three-zero-day-exploits-in-itsm-software-servicetonic-for-remote-code-execution"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VV5R-9WCQ-CQCM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-26 00:01
VLAI
Details

The impacted products, when configured to use SSO, are affected by an improper authentication vulnerability. This vulnerability allows the application to accept manual entry of any active directory (AD) account provisioned in the application without supplying a password, resulting in access to the application as the supplied AD account, with all associated privileges.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-43935"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-288"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-12-15T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The impacted products, when configured to use SSO, are affected by an improper authentication vulnerability. This vulnerability allows the application to accept manual entry of any active directory (AD) account provisioned in the application without supplying a password, resulting in access to the application as the supplied AD account, with all associated privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-vv5r-9wcq-cqcm",
  "modified": "2022-07-26T00:01:12Z",
  "published": "2021-12-16T00:00:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-43935"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsma-21-343-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VV7Q-66VV-9JP3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-02 15:31 – Updated: 2025-05-02 15:31
VLAI
Details

Improper access controls in the web management portal of the Tenda RX2 Pro 16.03.30.14 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to enable telnet access to the router's OS by sending a /goform/telnet web request.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-46631"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-01T20:15:39Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Improper access controls in the web management portal of the Tenda RX2 Pro 16.03.30.14 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to enable telnet access to the router\u0027s OS by sending a /goform/telnet web request.",
  "id": "GHSA-vv7q-66vv-9jp3",
  "modified": "2025-05-02T15:31:46Z",
  "published": "2025-05-02T15:31:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46631"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.uturn.dev/#/writeups/iot-village/tenda-rx2pro/README?id=cve-2025-46631-enable-telnet-unauthenticated-through-httpd"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tendacn.com/us/default.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VVF3-5GQJ-WP29

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:35 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:35
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in the web application in the Cisco Prime Collaboration Provisioning tool could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to hijack another user's session. More Information: CSCvc90346. Known Affected Releases: 12.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-6703"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-07-04T00:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in the web application in the Cisco Prime Collaboration Provisioning tool could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to hijack another user\u0027s session. More Information: CSCvc90346. Known Affected Releases: 12.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-vvf3-5gqj-wp29",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T02:35:46Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:35:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-6703"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20170621-pcp1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/99224"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1038744"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VVM8-MJ6G-PQ9P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:44 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:44
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered on MECO USB Memory Stick with Fingerprint MECOZiolsamDE601 devices. The fingerprint authentication requirement for data access can be bypassed. An attacker with physical access can send a static packet to a serial port exposed on the PCB to unlock the key and get access to the data without possessing the required fingerprint.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-16242"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-03-22T15:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered on MECO USB Memory Stick with Fingerprint MECOZiolsamDE601 devices. The fingerprint authentication requirement for data access can be bypassed. An attacker with physical access can send a static packet to a serial port exposed on the PCB to unlock the key and get access to the data without possessing the required fingerprint.",
  "id": "GHSA-vvm8-mj6g-pq9p",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:44:05Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:44:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16242"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/audebert/ef6e206a27ededd1386cff48604e9335"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/us-17/thursday/us-17-Picod-Attacking-Encrypted-USB-Keys-The-Hard(ware)-Way.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.blackhat.com/us-17/briefings/schedule/index.html#attacking-encrypted-usb-keys-the-hardware-way-7443"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.elie.net/talk/attacking-encrypted-usb-keys-the-hardware-way"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VVPF-H42Q-V96V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-04 06:30 – Updated: 2026-06-04 21:31
VLAI
Details

The local MQTT broker does not enforce topic-level Access Control Lists (ACLs). This allows any client to subscribe using wildcard characters (# or +) to enumerate hidden network devices or publish rogue control commands.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-49186"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-04T04:17:15Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The local MQTT broker does not enforce topic-level Access Control Lists (ACLs). This allows any client to subscribe using wildcard characters (#\u00a0or\u00a0+) to enumerate hidden network devices or publish rogue control commands.",
  "id": "GHSA-vvpf-h42q-v96v",
  "modified": "2026-06-04T21:31:20Z",
  "published": "2026-06-04T06:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49186"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://community.acer.com/en/kb/articles/19707"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.