CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
5970 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-R2JP-995W-H282
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:48 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:48OpenVPN 2.5.1 and earlier versions allows a remote attackers to bypass authentication and access control channel data on servers configured with deferred authentication, which can be used to potentially trigger further information leaks.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-15078"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-04-26T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "OpenVPN 2.5.1 and earlier versions allows a remote attackers to bypass authentication and access control channel data on servers configured with deferred authentication, which can be used to potentially trigger further information leaks.",
"id": "GHSA-r2jp-995w-h282",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:48:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:48:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15078"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://community.openvpn.net/openvpn/wiki/CVE-2020-15078"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://community.openvpn.net/openvpn/wiki/SecurityAnnouncements"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/05/msg00002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GJUXEYHUPREEBPX23VPEKMFXUPVO3PMU"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/JGEGLC4YGBDN5CGHTNWN2GH6DJJA36T2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PLDB3OBQ3AODYYRN7NRCABV6I4AUFAT6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202105-25"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/usn/usn-4933-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R2MM-QR53-2J54
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:39 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:39Race condition in the Firewall Authentication Proxy feature in Cisco IOS 12.0 through 12.4 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication, or bypass the consent web page, via a crafted request, aka Bug ID CSCsy15227.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-2863"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-09-28T19:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Race condition in the Firewall Authentication Proxy feature in Cisco IOS 12.0 through 12.4 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication, or bypass the consent web page, via a crafted request, aka Bug ID CSCsy15227.",
"id": "GHSA-r2mm-qr53-2j54",
"modified": "2022-05-02T03:39:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:39:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-2863"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/53453"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/58340"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/viewAlert.x?alertId=18882"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/products_security_advisory09186a0080af8132.shtml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/36491"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1022935"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-R2P2-GHMW-H7XW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:21 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:21BIOTRONIK CardioMessenger II, The affected products do not properly enforce mutual authentication with the BIOTRONIK Remote Communication infrastructure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-18246"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-06-29T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "BIOTRONIK CardioMessenger II, The affected products do not properly enforce mutual authentication with the BIOTRONIK Remote Communication infrastructure.",
"id": "GHSA-r2p2-ghmw-h7xw",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:21:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:21:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-18246"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/icsma-20-170-05"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-R2WC-G85M-HQ39
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:11 – Updated: 2022-07-09 00:00A vulnerability in the spam quarantine feature of Cisco Secure Email and Web Manager, formerly Cisco Security Management Appliance (SMA), could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to gain unauthorized access and modify the spam quarantine settings of another user. This vulnerability exists because access to the spam quarantine feature is not properly restricted. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending malicious requests to an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to modify another user's spam quarantine settings, possibly disabling security controls or viewing email messages stored on the spam quarantine interfaces.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1561"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-18T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the spam quarantine feature of Cisco Secure Email and Web Manager, formerly Cisco Security Management Appliance (SMA), could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to gain unauthorized access and modify the spam quarantine settings of another user. This vulnerability exists because access to the spam quarantine feature is not properly restricted. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending malicious requests to an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to modify another user\u0027s spam quarantine settings, possibly disabling security controls or viewing email messages stored on the spam quarantine interfaces.",
"id": "GHSA-r2wc-g85m-hq39",
"modified": "2022-07-09T00:00:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:11:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1561"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-sma-spam-jPxUXMk"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R365-W92W-V4HV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-09 00:01 – Updated: 2024-10-10 15:30Affected versions of Atlassian Jira Server and Data Center allow a user who has had their Jira Service Management access revoked to export audit logs of another user's Jira Service Management project via a Broken Authentication vulnerability in the /plugins/servlet/audit/resource endpoint. The affected versions of Jira Server and Data Center are before version 8.19.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-41309"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-08T04:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Affected versions of Atlassian Jira Server and Data Center allow a user who has had their Jira Service Management access revoked to export audit logs of another user\u0027s Jira Service Management project via a Broken Authentication vulnerability in the /plugins/servlet/audit/resource endpoint. The affected versions of Jira Server and Data Center are before version 8.19.1.",
"id": "GHSA-r365-w92w-v4hv",
"modified": "2024-10-10T15:30:30Z",
"published": "2021-12-09T00:01:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-41309"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/JRASERVER-72803"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R37F-74V3-CC63
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:44 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:44The Forgot Password implementation in Consona Live Assistance, Dynamic Agent, and Subscriber Assistance allows remote attackers to reset passwords of accounts with blank Hint questions and Hint answers by sending an empty value for each of these two Hint fields.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-1910"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-05-12T11:46:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Forgot Password implementation in Consona Live Assistance, Dynamic Agent, and Subscriber Assistance allows remote attackers to reset passwords of accounts with blank Hint questions and Hint answers by sending an empty value for each of these two Hint fields.",
"id": "GHSA-r37f-74v3-cc63",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:44:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:44:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-1910"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/39740"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://wintercore.com/en/component/content/article/7-media/18-wintercore-releases-an-advisory-for-consona-products.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.consona.com/Content/CRM/Support/SecurityBulletin_April2010.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/602801"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/511176/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/40003"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-R3C3-FCPQ-4J2J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:14 – Updated: 2022-05-17 05:14The web interface on (1) Foscam and (2) Wansview IP cameras allows remote attackers to bypass authentication, and perform administrative functions or read the admin password, via a direct request to an unspecified URL.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-3002"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-12-21T11:47:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The web interface on (1) Foscam and (2) Wansview IP cameras allows remote attackers to bypass authentication, and perform administrative functions or read the admin password, via a direct request to an unspecified URL.",
"id": "GHSA-r3c3-fcpq-4j2j",
"modified": "2022-05-17T05:14:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T05:14:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-3002"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://foscam.us/forum/h264-ip-camera-web-interface-authentication-bypass-test-tool-t3252.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/50950"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/50966"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.foscam.com/help.aspx?TypeId=11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/265532"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/55873"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-R3CW-C95M-WFH9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-22 20:59 – Updated: 2026-06-22 20:59Summary
An authentication bypass vulnerability exists due to improper trust in client-controlled cookies. The application accepts user-supplied cookie values containing a username and password-hash-derived value as sufficient authentication material. These cookies can be set or modified prior to login, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to impersonate arbitrary users without knowledge of the plaintext password. This issue stems from the absence of server-side validation of authentication state and reliance on attacker-controlled cookie data
Details
The vulnerability arises because the application accepts the client-supplied cookies named meye_password_hash and meye_username as sufficient authentication material. The server does not validate these values against a server-side session or enforce proper authentication checks before establishing an authenticated state. As a result, an unauthenticated attacker can set or modify these cookies to impersonate another user if the target username and corresponding hash are known.
These cookies normally appear after using the "switch user" functionality; however, they can be added manually prior to authentication using standard browser tools (e.g., developer tools or cookie editors) or dynamically loaded by submitting blank credentials. When supplied, the server accepts them and authenticates the attacker as the specified user bypassing the intended authentication flow
Additionally, the password-hash value and username for the admin account used by the application is stored in /etc/motioneye/motion.conf which is globally readable by default on the local system. This means any local user with shell access can obtain a valid hash and values and use them to impersonate the admin via the cookie manipulation described above. While local access is required to retrieve the hash, this significantly lowers the barrier to exploitation in multi-user environments.
PoC
Starting state unauthenticated with no cookies:
After manually adding or submitting blank credentials to get the cookies loaded:
Adding the credentials and refreshing the page gives us a valid session:
version information and session interaction validation
Impact
Authentication bypass
Who is impacted?
Any MotionEye deployment where attackers have access to a username and hash, and/or the /etc/motioneye/motion.conf file with the admin username and hash.
Potential consequences:
- Account lockouts
- Attacker persistence by changing the password
- Enumeration of data
- Destruction of data
- Exfiltration of data
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "motioneye"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.44.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46488"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-256",
"CWE-287",
"CWE-328",
"CWE-836"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-22T20:59:31Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Summary\nAn authentication bypass vulnerability exists due to improper trust in client-controlled cookies. The application accepts user-supplied cookie values containing a username and password-hash-derived value as sufficient authentication material. These cookies can be set or modified prior to login, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to impersonate arbitrary users without knowledge of the plaintext password. This issue stems from the absence of server-side validation of authentication state and reliance on attacker-controlled cookie data\n\n### Details\nThe vulnerability arises because the application accepts the client-supplied cookies named `meye_password_hash` and `meye_username` as sufficient authentication material. The server does not validate these values against a server-side session or enforce proper authentication checks before establishing an authenticated state. As a result, an unauthenticated attacker can set or modify these cookies to impersonate another user if the target username and corresponding hash are known.\n\nThese cookies normally appear after using the \"switch user\" functionality; however, they can be added manually prior to authentication using standard browser tools (e.g., developer tools or cookie editors) or dynamically loaded by submitting blank credentials. When supplied, the server accepts them and authenticates the attacker as the specified user bypassing the intended authentication flow\n\nAdditionally, the password-hash value and username for the admin account used by the application is stored in `/etc/motioneye/motion.conf` which is globally readable by default on the local system. This means any local user with shell access can obtain a valid hash and values and use them to impersonate the admin via the cookie manipulation described above. While local access is required to retrieve the hash, this significantly lowers the barrier to exploitation in multi-user environments. \n\n### PoC\nStarting state unauthenticated with no cookies:\n\u003cimg width=\"644\" height=\"475\" alt=\"start state\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/cf4aff78-65f7-4f67-99e2-9134c8f04277\" /\u003e\n\nAfter manually adding or submitting blank credentials to get the cookies loaded:\n\u003cimg width=\"643\" height=\"470\" alt=\"empty cookies\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/223878eb-f085-4ac5-a92a-2ac21831c594\" /\u003e\n\n\nAdding the credentials and refreshing the page gives us a valid session:\n\u003cimg width=\"641\" height=\"466\" alt=\"admin login with hash\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/94b350ef-dd32-4cae-8bd8-e48841873f79\" /\u003e\n\n\nversion information and session interaction validation\n\u003cimg width=\"643\" height=\"468\" alt=\"verison\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/94290ad6-4e82-4026-8e27-5374e2f3a631\" /\u003e\n\n\n### Impact\nAuthentication bypass\n\n### Who is impacted?\n\nAny MotionEye deployment where attackers have access to a username and hash, and/or the `/etc/motioneye/motion.conf` file with the admin username and hash.\n\nPotential consequences:\n\n- Account lockouts \n- Attacker persistence by changing the password\n- Enumeration of data\n- Destruction of data\n- Exfiltration of data",
"id": "GHSA-r3cw-c95m-wfh9",
"modified": "2026-06-22T20:59:31Z",
"published": "2026-06-22T20:59:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/motioneye-project/motioneye/security/advisories/GHSA-r3cw-c95m-wfh9"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/motioneye-project/motioneye"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "motionEye: Authentication possible via password hash"
}
GHSA-R3FJ-QH7Q-9M82
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:52 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:27cPanel before 55.9999.141 allows FTP cPHulk bypass via account name munging (SEC-102).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-10832"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-08-01T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "cPanel before 55.9999.141 allows FTP cPHulk bypass via account name munging (SEC-102).",
"id": "GHSA-r3fj-qh7q-9m82",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:27:51Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:52:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-10832"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.cpanel.net/display/CL/56+Change+Log"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R3HF-Q3MF-7H6W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-23 15:30 – Updated: 2026-03-27 17:53A vulnerability was found in HybridAuth up to 3.12.2. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file src/HttpClient/Curl.php of the component SSL Handler. The manipulation of the argument curlOptions results in improper certificate validation. The attack can be launched remotely. This attack is characterized by high complexity. The exploitability is assessed as difficult. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "hybridauth/hybridauth"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "3.12.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-4587"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-27T17:53:22Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-23T13:16:31Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in HybridAuth up to 3.12.2. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file src/HttpClient/Curl.php of the component SSL Handler. The manipulation of the argument curlOptions results in improper certificate validation. The attack can be launched remotely. This attack is characterized by high complexity. The exploitability is assessed as difficult. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.",
"id": "GHSA-r3hf-q3mf-7h6w",
"modified": "2026-03-27T17:53:22Z",
"published": "2026-03-23T15:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4587"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/hybridauth/hybridauth/issues/1444"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/hybridauth/hybridauth"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.352423"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.352423"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.775463"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "HybridAuth Has Improper SSL Certificate Validation in Curl HTTP Client"
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.