Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

5972 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-Q9JC-X24X-R9X9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:27 – Updated: 2022-07-11 00:00
VLAI
Details

Tenda AC18 Router through V15.03.05.05_EN and through V15.03.05.19(6318) CN devices could cause a remote code execution due to incorrect authentication handling of vulnerable logincheck() function in /usr/lib/lua/ngx_authserver/ngx_wdas.lua file if the administrator UI Interface is set to "radius".

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-24987"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-09-04T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Tenda AC18 Router through V15.03.05.05_EN and through V15.03.05.19(6318) CN devices could cause a remote code execution due to incorrect authentication handling of vulnerable logincheck() function in /usr/lib/lua/ngx_authserver/ngx_wdas.lua file if the administrator UI Interface is set to \"radius\".",
  "id": "GHSA-q9jc-x24x-r9x9",
  "modified": "2022-07-11T00:00:18Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:27:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-24987"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/287.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1iqpr0EofOBC6kCq2USTOBPRlJu_naFjQ/view?usp=sharing"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tendacn.com/en/product/AC18.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q9MJ-QFF3-9V4J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-17 00:31 – Updated: 2025-11-04 18:31
VLAI
Details

This issue was addressed through improved state management. This issue is fixed in iOS 17.7 and iPadOS 17.7, iOS 18 and iPadOS 18. Private Browsing tabs may be accessed without authentication.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-44127"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-09-17T00:15:49Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "This issue was addressed through improved state management. This issue is fixed in iOS 17.7 and iPadOS 17.7, iOS 18 and iPadOS 18. Private Browsing tabs may be accessed without authentication.",
  "id": "GHSA-q9mj-qff3-9v4j",
  "modified": "2025-11-04T18:31:21Z",
  "published": "2024-09-17T00:31:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-44127"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121246"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121250"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Sep/32"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Sep/39"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q9MP-79CP-9G8J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-09-02 22:00 – Updated: 2021-08-02 22:18
VLAI
Summary
Improper Authentication
Details

Traefik 2.x, in certain configurations, allows HTTPS sessions to proceed without mutual TLS verification in a situation where ERR_BAD_SSL_CLIENT_AUTH_CERT should have occurred.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/traefik/traefik/v2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.2.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-20894"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-08-02T22:18:22Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-07-02T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Traefik 2.x, in certain configurations, allows HTTPS sessions to proceed without mutual TLS verification in a situation where ERR_BAD_SSL_CLIENT_AUTH_CERT should have occurred.",
  "id": "GHSA-q9mp-79cp-9g8j",
  "modified": "2021-08-02T22:18:22Z",
  "published": "2021-09-02T22:00:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-20894"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/containous/traefik/issues/5312"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/containous/traefik/pull/7008"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/containous/traefik/commit/2b353971696717e980521b0e4baa1eba66c8d2bf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Improper Authentication"
}

GHSA-Q9RV-XQ5X-5RP6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-06 21:31 – Updated: 2026-04-06 21:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was identified in Totolink A8000R 5.9c.681_B20180413. This issue affects the function setLanguageCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. Such manipulation of the argument langType leads to missing authentication. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-5676"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-06T19:16:30Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was identified in Totolink A8000R 5.9c.681_B20180413. This issue affects the function setLanguageCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. Such manipulation of the argument langType leads to missing authentication. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used.",
  "id": "GHSA-q9rv-xq5x-5rp6",
  "modified": "2026-04-06T21:31:34Z",
  "published": "2026-04-06T21:31:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-5676"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/skeetabc/CVE-TOTOLINK-A800R/blob/main/vuln1_auth_bypass.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/792433"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/355503"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/355503/cti"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.totolink.net"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q9VM-VCX5-XR5R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-30 06:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:18
VLAI
Details

Improper authentication vulnerability in WL-WN531AX2 firmware versions prior to 2023526 allows a network-adjacent attacker to obtain a password for the wireless network.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-32620"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-30T05:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Improper authentication vulnerability in WL-WN531AX2 firmware versions prior to 2023526 allows a network-adjacent attacker to obtain a password for the wireless network.",
  "id": "GHSA-q9vm-vcx5-xr5r",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T05:18:43Z",
  "published": "2023-06-30T06:30:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32620"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN78634340"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wavlink.com/en_us/firmware/details/932108ffc5.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QC57-QHFX-P8P2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:01 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:01
VLAI
Details

LG SuperSign CMS allows authentication bypass because the CAPTCHA requirement is skipped if a captcha:pass cookie is sent, and because the PIN is limited to four digits.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-16286"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-09-14T21:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "LG SuperSign CMS allows authentication bypass because the CAPTCHA requirement is skipped if a captcha:pass cookie is sent, and because the PIN is limited to four digits.",
  "id": "GHSA-qc57-qhfx-p8p2",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T02:01:42Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T02:01:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-16286"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://mamaquieroserpentester.blogspot.com/2018/09/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-lg.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QC72-GFVW-76H7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:23 – Updated: 2023-10-10 14:39
VLAI
Summary
Keycloak Oauth Implementation Error
Details

It was found that Keycloak oauth would permit an authenticated resource to obtain an access/refresh token pair from the authentication server, permitting indefinite usage in the case of permission revocation. An attacker on an already compromised resource could use this flaw to grant himself continued permissions and possibly conduct further attacks.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.keycloak:keycloak-parent"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.3.0.Final"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-12160"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-25T23:36:36Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-10-26T17:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "It was found that Keycloak oauth would permit an authenticated resource to obtain an access/refresh token pair from the authentication server, permitting indefinite usage in the case of permission revocation. An attacker on an already compromised resource could use this flaw to grant himself continued permissions and possibly conduct further attacks.",
  "id": "GHSA-qc72-gfvw-76h7",
  "modified": "2023-10-10T14:39:13Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:23:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12160"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:2904"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:2905"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:2906"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1484154"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Keycloak Oauth Implementation Error"
}

GHSA-QC73-MCQM-3M29

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-19 00:00 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:30
VLAI
Details

A flaw was found in 389-ds-base. If an asterisk is imported as password hashes, either accidentally or maliciously, then instead of being inactive, any password will successfully match during authentication. This flaw allows an attacker to successfully authenticate as a user whose password was disabled.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-3652"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-04-18T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was found in 389-ds-base. If an asterisk is imported as password hashes, either accidentally or maliciously, then instead of being inactive, any password will successfully match during authentication. This flaw allows an attacker to successfully authenticate as a user whose password was disabled.",
  "id": "GHSA-qc73-mcqm-3m29",
  "modified": "2025-11-03T21:30:38Z",
  "published": "2022-04-19T00:00:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3652"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/389ds/389-ds-base/issues/4817"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1982782"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/04/msg00026.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/01/msg00015.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QCGX-Q6P2-G27P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:32 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:32
VLAI
Details

The Belkin N300 (F7D7301v1) router allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain privileges via vectors related to incorrect validation of the HTTP Authorization header.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2013-3092"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2014-09-29T22:55:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Belkin N300 (F7D7301v1) router allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain privileges via vectors related to incorrect validation of the HTTP Authorization header.",
  "id": "GHSA-qcgx-q6p2-g27p",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T04:32:24Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T04:32:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-3092"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://securityevaluators.com/knowledge/case_studies/routers/Vulnerability_Catalog.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://securityevaluators.com/knowledge/case_studies/routers/belkin_n900.php"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-QCQ4-VPJF-WXHH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-27 21:31 – Updated: 2026-04-28 18:30
VLAI
Details

MERCURY MIPC252W IP camera 1.0.5 Build 230306 Rel.79931n contains an improper authentication vulnerability in the RTSP service. After successful Digest authentication in an initial DESCRIBE request, the device does not verify the Digest response parameter in subsequent RTSP requests within the same session. As a result, RTSP methods such as SETUP, PLAY, and TEARDOWN can be processed even when the Authorization header contains an empty or invalid response value, as long as the nonce and session identifier correspond to a previously authenticated session. This allows an attacker with network access to reuse session parameters and issue unauthorized RTSP control commands without computing a valid Digest response.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-35903"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-27T19:16:52Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "MERCURY MIPC252W IP camera 1.0.5 Build 230306 Rel.79931n contains an improper authentication vulnerability in the RTSP service. After successful Digest authentication in an initial DESCRIBE request, the device does not verify the Digest response parameter in subsequent RTSP requests within the same session. As a result, RTSP methods such as SETUP, PLAY, and TEARDOWN can be processed even when the Authorization header contains an empty or invalid response value, as long as the nonce and session identifier correspond to a previously authenticated session. This allows an attacker with network access to reuse session parameters and issue unauthorized RTSP control commands without computing a valid Digest response.",
  "id": "GHSA-qcq4-vpjf-wxhh",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T18:30:30Z",
  "published": "2026-04-27T21:31:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35903"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/izxnfirh8148/CVE_REQUESTS_references/blob/main/MERCURY_MIPC252W/MERCURY_MIPC252W_4th/README.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.