CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
6025 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-JGJR-5RHG-5C7W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-08 00:01 – Updated: 2022-08-10 00:00The GOautodial API prior to commit 3c3a979 made on October 13th, 2021 exposes an API router that accepts a username, password, and action that routes to other PHP files that implement the various API functions. Vulnerable versions of GOautodial validate the username and password incorrectly, allowing the caller to specify any values for these parameters and successfully authenticate. CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-43175"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-07T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The GOautodial API prior to commit 3c3a979 made on October 13th, 2021 exposes an API router that accepts a username, password, and action that routes to other PHP files that implement the various API functions. Vulnerable versions of GOautodial validate the username and password incorrectly, allowing the caller to specify any values for these parameters and successfully authenticate. CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C",
"id": "GHSA-jgjr-5rhg-5c7w",
"modified": "2022-08-10T00:00:30Z",
"published": "2021-12-08T00:01:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-43175"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.synopsys.com/blogs/software-security/cyrc-advisory-goautodial-vulnerabilities"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JGM2-M5CG-F66G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:59 – Updated: 2022-07-13 21:29org/apache/catalina/realm/RealmBase.java in Apache Tomcat 6.x before 6.0.36 and 7.x before 7.0.30, when FORM authentication is used, allows remote attackers to bypass security-constraint checks by leveraging a previous setUserPrincipal call and then placing /j_security_check at the end of a URI.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.tomcat:tomcat"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.0.36"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.tomcat:tomcat"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.0.30"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-3546"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-07-13T21:29:14Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2012-12-19T11:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "org/apache/catalina/realm/RealmBase.java in Apache Tomcat 6.x before 6.0.36 and 7.x before 7.0.30, when FORM authentication is used, allows remote attackers to bypass security-constraint checks by leveraging a previous setUserPrincipal call and then placing /j_security_check at the end of a URI.",
"id": "GHSA-jgm2-m5cg-f66g",
"modified": "2022-07-13T21:29:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:59:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-3546"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/f78c0cdfc8a3c2efdfe6df6b69e5e3daafa3f588"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/tomcat"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A19305"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/tomcat/tc7.0.x/trunk@1377892"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2012-12/msg00089.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2012-12/msg00090.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2013-01/msg00037.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=136612293908376\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=139344343412337\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0004.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0005.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0146.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0147.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0151.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0157.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0158.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0162.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0163.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0164.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0191.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0192.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0194.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0195.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0196.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0198.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0221.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0235.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0623.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0640.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0641.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0642.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/tomcat/tc7.0.x/trunk/java/org/apache/catalina/realm/RealmBase.java?r1=1377892\u0026r2=1377891\u0026pathrev=1377892"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/tomcat/tc7.0.x/trunk/webapps/docs/changelog.xml?r1=1377892\u0026r2=1377891\u0026pathrev=1377892"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=revision\u0026revision=1377892"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://tomcat.apache.org/security-6.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://tomcat.apache.org/security-7.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "Authentication Bypass in Apache Tomcat"
}
GHSA-JGQV-RG38-F3M6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:36 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:36AJ Square AJ Article allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and access administrator functionality via a direct request to (1) user.php, (2) articles.php, (3) articlesuspend.php, (4) site.php, (5) statistics.php, (6) mail.php, (7) category.php, (8) subcategory.php, (9) changepassword.php, (10) polling.php, and (11) logo.php in admin/.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-7051"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-08-24T10:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "AJ Square AJ Article allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and access administrator functionality via a direct request to (1) user.php, (2) articles.php, (3) articlesuspend.php, (4) site.php, (5) statistics.php, (6) mail.php, (7) category.php, (8) subcategory.php, (9) changepassword.php, (10) polling.php, and (11) logo.php in admin/.",
"id": "GHSA-jgqv-rg38-f3m6",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:36:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:36:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-7051"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/7081"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/32254"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/3097"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-JGV4-W58M-Q2G2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:29 – Updated: 2025-04-12 12:47Magento Community Edition (CE) 1.9.1.0 and Enterprise Edition (EE) 1.14.1.0 allow remote attackers to bypass authentication via the forwarded parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-3457"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-04-29T22:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Magento Community Edition (CE) 1.9.1.0 and Enterprise Edition (EE) 1.14.1.0 allow remote attackers to bypass authentication via the forwarded parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-jgv4-w58m-q2g2",
"modified": "2025-04-12T12:47:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:29:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-3457"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://blog.checkpoint.com/2015/04/20/analyzing-magento-vulnerability"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://magento.com/blog/technical/critical-security-advisory-remote-code-execution-rce-vulnerability"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/74420"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1032230"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-JGXR-2V2P-F979
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-10 19:01 – Updated: 2022-11-15 19:00Agentflow BPM enterprise management system has improper authentication. A remote attacker with general user privilege can change the name of the user account to acquire arbitrary account privilege, and access, manipulate system or disrupt service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-39038"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-10T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Agentflow BPM enterprise management system has improper authentication. A remote attacker with general user privilege can change the name of the user account to acquire arbitrary account privilege, and access, manipulate system or disrupt service.",
"id": "GHSA-jgxr-2v2p-f979",
"modified": "2022-11-15T19:00:52Z",
"published": "2022-11-10T19:01:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39038"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.flowring.com/2022/09/19/%e7%94%a2%e5%93%81%e6%9b%b4%e6%96%b0agentflow-v4-0%e3%80%81v3-7%e5%a4%be%e6%aa%94%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e8%b3%87%e5%ae%89%e4%bf%ae%e6%ad%a3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-6684-53149-1.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JH3G-PQCH-XQXG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:28 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:28The GenericConsumer class in the Consumer component in ZendOpenId before 2.0.2 and the Zend_OpenId_Consumer class in Zend Framework 1 before 1.12.4 violate the OpenID 2.0 protocol by ensuring only that at least one field is signed, which allows remote attackers to bypass authentication by leveraging an assertion from an OpenID provider.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-2685"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-09-04T17:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The GenericConsumer class in the Consumer component in ZendOpenId before 2.0.2 and the Zend_OpenId_Consumer class in Zend Framework 1 before 1.12.4 violate the OpenID 2.0 protocol by ensuring only that at least one field is signed, which allows remote attackers to bypass authentication by leveraging an assertion from an OpenID provider.",
"id": "GHSA-jh3g-pqch-xqxg",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:28:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:28:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-2685"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://advisories.mageia.org/MGASA-2014-0151.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://framework.zend.com/security/advisory/ZF2014-02"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/oss-sec/2014/q2/0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2015/dsa-3265"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2014:072"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/66358"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-JH4V-7Q79-JF56
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:05 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:05It was discovered that the gnome-shell lock screen since version 3.15.91 did not properly restrict all contextual actions. An attacker with physical access to a locked workstation could invoke certain keyboard shortcuts, and potentially other actions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-3820"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-02-06T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "It was discovered that the gnome-shell lock screen since version 3.15.91 did not properly restrict all contextual actions. An attacker with physical access to a locked workstation could invoke certain keyboard shortcuts, and potentially other actions.",
"id": "GHSA-jh4v-7q79-jf56",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:05:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:05:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-3820"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-3820"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gnome-shell/issues/851"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3966-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00023.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00049.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JH59-WJ27-M7P6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 06:58 – Updated: 2022-05-01 06:58Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4 does not properly validate an RPC server during mutual authentication over SSL, which allows remote attackers to spoof an RPC server, aka the "RPC Mutual Authentication Vulnerability."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2006-2380"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2006-06-13T19:06:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4 does not properly validate an RPC server during mutual authentication over SSL, which allows remote attackers to spoof an RPC server, aka the \"RPC Mutual Authentication Vulnerability.\"",
"id": "GHSA-jh59-wj27-m7p6",
"modified": "2022-05-01T06:58:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T06:58:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2006-2380"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2006/ms06-031"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/26836"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A1763"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/20637"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securitytracker.com/id?1016289"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/26438"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/18389"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2006/2328"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-JH73-52M6-CX8P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:03 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:03The m_authenticate function in modules/m_sasl.c in UnrealIRCd before 3.2.10.7 and 4.x before 4.0.6 allows remote attackers to spoof certificate fingerprints and consequently log in as another user via a crafted AUTHENTICATE parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-7144"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-01-18T17:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The m_authenticate function in modules/m_sasl.c in UnrealIRCd before 3.2.10.7 and 4.x before 4.0.6 allows remote attackers to spoof certificate fingerprints and consequently log in as another user via a crafted AUTHENTICATE parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-jh73-52m6-cx8p",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:03:26Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:03:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-7144"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/unrealircd/unrealircd/commit/f473e355e1dc422c4f019dbf86bc50ba1a34a766"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://forums.unrealircd.org/viewtopic.php?f=1\u0026t=8588"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/04/3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/05/8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92763"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JH7C-XH74-H76F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-13 09:30 – Updated: 2025-06-13 21:18Minion event bus authorization bypass. An attacker with access to a minion key can craft a message which may be able to execute a job on other minions (>= 3007.0).
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "salt"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3007.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3007.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "salt"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3006.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3006.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-22236"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-06-13T21:18:03Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-13T07:15:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Minion event bus authorization bypass. An attacker with access to a minion key can craft a message which may be able to execute a job on other minions (\u003e= 3007.0).",
"id": "GHSA-jh7c-xh74-h76f",
"modified": "2025-06-13T21:18:03Z",
"published": "2025-06-13T09:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22236"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.saltproject.io/en/3006/topics/releases/3006.12.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.saltproject.io/en/3007/topics/releases/3007.4.html"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/saltstack/salt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Salt has minion event bus authorization bypass vulnerability"
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.