CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
10729 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-6QWG-M6GJ-JWC9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-26 15:31 – Updated: 2024-08-26 15:31A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Chengdu Everbrite Network Technology BeikeShop up to 1.5.5. Affected by this issue is the function rename of the file /Admin/Http/Controllers/FileManagerController.php. The manipulation of the argument new_name leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-8164"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-26T14:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Chengdu Everbrite Network Technology BeikeShop up to 1.5.5. Affected by this issue is the function rename of the file /Admin/Http/Controllers/FileManagerController.php. The manipulation of the argument new_name leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-6qwg-m6gj-jwc9",
"modified": "2024-08-26T15:31:15Z",
"published": "2024-08-26T15:31:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8164"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/DeepMountains/zzz/blob/main/CVE4-2.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.275762"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.275762"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.393375"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-6QWV-M9GF-JQMX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-27 21:31 – Updated: 2026-09-02 21:31Veno File Manager Project Veno File Manager Project 4.4.9 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control in admin-head-updates.php.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-37072"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-27T20:17:43Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Veno File Manager Project Veno File Manager Project 4.4.9 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control in admin-head-updates.php.",
"id": "GHSA-6qwv-m9gf-jqmx",
"modified": "2026-09-02T21:31:56Z",
"published": "2026-08-27T21:31:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-37072"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jfs-jfs/CVE-2026-37072"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://veno.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6QXM-PC52-J488
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:06 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:06The CMS Updater module 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.3 for Drupal does not properly check access permissions, which allows remote authenticated users to access and change settings by leveraging the "access administration pages" permission.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-7306"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-09-21T19:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The CMS Updater module 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.3 for Drupal does not properly check access permissions, which allows remote authenticated users to access and change settings by leveraging the \"access administration pages\" permission.",
"id": "GHSA-6qxm-pc52-j488",
"modified": "2022-05-17T04:06:55Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:06:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-7306"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.drupal.org/node/2569111"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.drupal.org/node/2569599"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-6QXR-33MW-VF6H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-15 21:32 – Updated: 2026-09-15 21:32Vulnerability in the Oracle Product Workbench product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Internal Operations). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Product Workbench. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Product Workbench accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Product Workbench accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-83434"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-15T20:18:51Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Product Workbench product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Internal Operations). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Product Workbench. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Product Workbench accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Product Workbench accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).",
"id": "GHSA-6qxr-33mw-vf6h",
"modified": "2026-09-15T21:32:39Z",
"published": "2026-09-15T21:32:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-83434"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspusep2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6R39-6CHC-XXHC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-05 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-05 00:31On affected platforms running Arista EOS with MACsec and egress ACLs configured on the same interfaces, the ACL policies may not be enforced for packets egressing on those ports. This can cause outgoing packets to incorrectly be allowed or denied.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-27891"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-04T23:16:47Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "On affected platforms running Arista EOS with MACsec and egress ACLs configured on the same interfaces, the ACL policies may not be enforced for packets egressing on those ports. This can cause outgoing packets to incorrectly be allowed or denied.",
"id": "GHSA-6r39-6chc-xxhc",
"modified": "2026-06-05T00:31:36Z",
"published": "2026-06-05T00:31:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-27891"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.arista.com/en/support/advisories-notices/security-advisory/19908-security-advisory-0102"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-6R4J-4RJC-8VW5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-12 18:22 – Updated: 2024-11-18 16:27Summary
Using an "open at the top" range definition in RBAC for etcd roles leads to some TCPs API servers being able to read, write and delete the data of other control planes.
Details
The problematic code is this: https://github.com/clastix/kamaji/blob/8cdc6191242f80d120c46b166e2102d27568225a/internal/datastore/etcd.go#L19-L24
The range created by this RBAC setup code looks like this:
etcdctl role get example
Role example
KV Read:
[/example/, \0)
KV Write:
[/example/, \0)
The range end \0 means "everything that comes after" in etcd, so potentially all the key prefixes of controlplanes with a name that comes after "example" when sorting lexically (e.g. example1, examplf, all the way to zzzzzzz if you will).
PoC
- Create two TCP in the same Namespace
- Scale Kamaji to zero to avoid reconciliations
- change the Kubernetes API Server
--etcd-prefixflag value to point to the other TCP datastore key - wait it for get it up and running
- use
kubectland will notice you're reading and writing data of another Tenant
Impact
Full control over other TCPs data, if you are able to obtain the name of other TCPs that use the same datastore and are able to obtain the user certificates used by your control plane (or you are able to configure the kube-apiserver Deployment, as shown in the PoC).
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/clastix/kamaji"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "1.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-42480"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-08-12T18:22:06Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-12T16:15:15Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Summary\n_Using an \"open at the top\" range definition in RBAC for etcd roles leads to some TCPs API servers being able to read, write and delete the data of other control planes._\n\n### Details\n\nThe problematic code is this: https://github.com/clastix/kamaji/blob/8cdc6191242f80d120c46b166e2102d27568225a/internal/datastore/etcd.go#L19-L24\n\nThe range created by this RBAC setup code looks like this:\n\n```\netcdctl role get example\nRole example\nKV Read:\n\t[/example/, \\0)\nKV Write:\n\t[/example/, \\0)\n```\n\nThe range end `\\0` means \"everything that comes after\" in etcd, so potentially all the key prefixes of controlplanes with a name that comes after \"example\" when sorting lexically (e.g. `example1`, `examplf`, all the way to `zzzzzzz` if you will).\n\n### PoC\n\n1. Create two TCP in the same Namespace\n2. Scale Kamaji to zero to avoid reconciliations\n3. change the Kubernetes API Server `--etcd-prefix` flag value to point to the other TCP datastore key\n4. wait it for get it up and running\n5. use `kubectl` and will notice you\u0027re reading and writing data of another Tenant\n\n### Impact\n\nFull control over other TCPs data, if you are able to obtain the name of other TCPs that use the same datastore and are able to obtain the user certificates used by your control plane (or you are able to configure the kube-apiserver Deployment, as shown in the PoC).\n",
"id": "GHSA-6r4j-4rjc-8vw5",
"modified": "2024-11-18T16:27:03Z",
"published": "2024-08-12T18:22:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/clastix/kamaji/security/advisories/GHSA-6r4j-4rjc-8vw5"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-42480"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/clastix/kamaji/commit/1731e8c2ed5148b125ecfbdf091ee177bd44f3db"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/clastix/kamaji"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/clastix/kamaji/blob/8cdc6191242f80d120c46b166e2102d27568225a/internal/datastore/etcd.go#L19-L24"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "RBAC Roles for `etcd` created by Kamaji are not disjunct"
}
GHSA-6R5P-V74C-3PG2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35Vulnerability in the Oracle Complex Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Production). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.15. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Complex Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul. While the vulnerability is in Oracle Complex Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Complex Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.5 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46915"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T10:54:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Complex Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Production). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.15. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Complex Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul. While the vulnerability is in Oracle Complex Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Complex Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.5 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-6r5p-v74c-3pg2",
"modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:36Z",
"published": "2026-06-17T18:35:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46915"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspujun2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6R5V-HP32-FJQW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:57 – Updated: 2026-04-17 13:26Apache WSS4J before 1.6.17 and 2.x before 2.0.2 allows remote attackers to bypass the requireSignedEncryptedDataElements configuration via a vectors related to "wrapping attacks."
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.ws.security:wss4j"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.6.17"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.ws.security:wss4j"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.02"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "wss4j:wss4j"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.6.17"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-0227"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-07-06T20:29:35Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2015-02-12T16:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Apache WSS4J before 1.6.17 and 2.x before 2.0.2 allows remote attackers to bypass the requireSignedEncryptedDataElements configuration via a vectors related to \"wrapping attacks.\"",
"id": "GHSA-6r5v-hp32-fjqw",
"modified": "2026-04-17T13:26:03Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:57:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-0227"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/100837"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpsc/doc/public/display?docLocale=en_US\u0026docId=emr_na-hpesbgn03900en_us"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2019-5072835.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-0773.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-0846.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-0847.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-0848.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-0849.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-1176.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-1177.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://ws.apache.org/wss4j/advisories/CVE-2015-0227.txt.asc"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "Improper Access Control in Apache WSS4J"
}
GHSA-6R89-GJQ3-65WW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:14 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:14Cisco TelePresence TC before 7.3.4 on Integrator C devices allows remote attackers to bypass authentication via vectors involving multiple request parameters, aka Bug ID CSCuv00604.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-4271"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-07-15T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cisco TelePresence TC before 7.3.4 on Integrator C devices allows remote attackers to bypass authentication via vectors involving multiple request parameters, aka Bug ID CSCuv00604.",
"id": "GHSA-6r89-gjq3-65ww",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:14:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:14:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-4271"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/viewAlert.x?alertId=39880"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1032931"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-6R8Q-7M8P-M2C2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-15 21:31 – Updated: 2026-09-15 21:31Vulnerability in the Oracle WebCenter Enterprise Capture product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Client Bundle). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle WebCenter Enterprise Capture. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle WebCenter Enterprise Capture. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-83005"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-15T20:18:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle WebCenter Enterprise Capture product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Client Bundle). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle WebCenter Enterprise Capture. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle WebCenter Enterprise Capture. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-6r8q-7m8p-m2c2",
"modified": "2026-09-15T21:31:39Z",
"published": "2026-09-15T21:31:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-83005"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspusep2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.