Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-269

Discouraged

Improper Privilege Management

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product does not properly assign, modify, track, or check privileges for an actor, creating an unintended sphere of control for that actor.

5643 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-4W4C-3FHX-C3W8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-19 03:31 – Updated: 2025-04-19 03:31
VLAI
Details

The UrbanGo Membership plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to privilege escalation in versions up to, and including, 1.0.4. This is due to the plugin allowing users who are registering new accounts to set their own role or by supplying 'user_register_role' field. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to gain elevated privileges by creating an account with the administrator role.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-3278"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-19T03:15:13Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The UrbanGo Membership plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to privilege escalation in versions up to, and including, 1.0.4. This is due to the plugin allowing users who are registering new accounts to set their own role or by supplying \u0027user_register_role\u0027 field. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to gain elevated privileges by creating an account with the administrator role.",
  "id": "GHSA-4w4c-3fhx-c3w8",
  "modified": "2025-04-19T03:31:27Z",
  "published": "2025-04-19T03:31:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-3278"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://themeforest.net/item/urbango-directory-and-listing-wordpress-theme/22712624"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/913ffe0c-c8f8-4cda-be9a-96c056d4c4a8?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4W6P-WRP4-QG7C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:02 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:02
VLAI
Details

Windows Container Isolation FS Filter Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-31190"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-05-11T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Windows Container Isolation FS Filter Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
  "id": "GHSA-4w6p-wrp4-qg7c",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:02:00Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:02:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-31190"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2021-31190"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4W7M-58CG-CMFF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-13 15:47 – Updated: 2026-03-13 15:47
VLAI
Summary
OpenClaw: Leaf subagents could steer sibling sessions across sandbox boundaries
Details

Summary

In affected versions of openclaw, sandboxed leaf subagents could still access the subagents control surface and resolve against the parent requester scope instead of remaining confined to their own session tree.

Impact

A low-privilege sandboxed leaf worker could steer or kill a sibling run owned by the same requester and cause that sibling to execute with its own broader tool policy. This is a sandbox and session-scope boundary bypass.

Affected Packages and Versions

  • Package: openclaw (npm)
  • Affected versions: <= 2026.3.8
  • Fixed in: 2026.3.11

Technical Details

Leaf subagents retained the subagents tool, and subagent control requests were authorized against the parent requester scope rather than the caller's own spawned descendants. The control path prevented only self-targeting, not cross-sibling steering.

Fix

OpenClaw now removes subagents control access from leaf subagents by default, scopes subagent control to the caller's own descendants, and rejects steer and kill requests that target runs outside that descendant tree. The fix shipped in openclaw@2026.3.11.

Workarounds

Upgrade to 2026.3.11 or later.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.3.11"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-13T15:47:34Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\nIn affected versions of `openclaw`, sandboxed leaf subagents could still access the `subagents` control surface and resolve against the parent requester scope instead of remaining confined to their own session tree.\n\n## Impact\nA low-privilege sandboxed leaf worker could steer or kill a sibling run owned by the same requester and cause that sibling to execute with its own broader tool policy. This is a sandbox and session-scope boundary bypass.\n\n## Affected Packages and Versions\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Affected versions: `\u003c= 2026.3.8`\n- Fixed in: `2026.3.11`\n\n## Technical Details\nLeaf subagents retained the `subagents` tool, and subagent control requests were authorized against the parent requester scope rather than the caller\u0027s own spawned descendants. The control path prevented only self-targeting, not cross-sibling steering.\n\n## Fix\nOpenClaw now removes `subagents` control access from leaf subagents by default, scopes subagent control to the caller\u0027s own descendants, and rejects `steer` and `kill` requests that target runs outside that descendant tree. The fix shipped in `openclaw@2026.3.11`.\n\n## Workarounds\nUpgrade to `2026.3.11` or later.",
  "id": "GHSA-4w7m-58cg-cmff",
  "modified": "2026-03-13T15:47:35Z",
  "published": "2026-03-13T15:47:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-4w7m-58cg-cmff"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/tag/v2026.3.11"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenClaw: Leaf subagents could steer sibling sessions across sandbox boundaries"
}

GHSA-4W88-WXGH-5628

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-15 21:31 – Updated: 2025-07-15 21:31
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox product of Oracle Virtualization (component: Core). The supported version that is affected is 7.1.10. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle VM VirtualBox executes to compromise Oracle VM VirtualBox. While the vulnerability is in Oracle VM VirtualBox, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle VM VirtualBox. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.2 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-53027"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-15T20:15:48Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox product of Oracle Virtualization (component: Core).   The supported version that is affected is 7.1.10. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle VM VirtualBox executes to compromise Oracle VM VirtualBox.  While the vulnerability is in Oracle VM VirtualBox, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change).  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle VM VirtualBox. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.2 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
  "id": "GHSA-4w88-wxgh-5628",
  "modified": "2025-07-15T21:31:44Z",
  "published": "2025-07-15T21:31:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53027"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2025.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4W97-63H2-XCQX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-01 09:30 – Updated: 2023-02-08 21:30
VLAI
Details

HPSFViewer might allow Escalation of Privilege. This potential vulnerability was remediated on July 29th, 2022. Customers who opted for automatic updates should have already received the remediation.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-3990"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-02-01T07:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "HPSFViewer might allow Escalation of Privilege. This potential vulnerability was remediated on July 29th, 2022. Customers who opted for automatic updates should have already received the remediation.",
  "id": "GHSA-4w97-63h2-xcqx",
  "modified": "2023-02-08T21:30:22Z",
  "published": "2023-02-01T09:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3990"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.hp.com/us-en/document/ish_7256634-7256658-16"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4WFX-J4JH-2943

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:01 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:01
VLAI
Details

Windows Container Manager Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2021-31165, CVE-2021-31167, CVE-2021-31168, CVE-2021-31169.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-31208"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-05-11T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Windows Container Manager Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2021-31165, CVE-2021-31167, CVE-2021-31168, CVE-2021-31169.",
  "id": "GHSA-4wfx-j4jh-2943",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:01:59Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:01:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-31208"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2021-31208"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4WG8-3VHC-R47F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-12 00:00 – Updated: 2024-11-14 21:31
VLAI
Details

Windows Storage Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-21875"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-01-11T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Windows Storage Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-4wg8-3vhc-r47f",
  "modified": "2024-11-14T21:31:47Z",
  "published": "2022-01-12T00:00:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21875"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-21875"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2022-21875"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4WGJ-Q9MJ-M6VR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-10 18:31 – Updated: 2024-04-04 08:30
VLAI
Details

Microsoft Office Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-36569"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-10T18:15:13Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Microsoft Office Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
  "id": "GHSA-4wgj-q9mj-m6vr",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T08:30:55Z",
  "published": "2023-10-10T18:31:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-36569"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-36569"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4WP6-5FRP-X2FQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-11 00:01 – Updated: 2022-01-15 00:03
VLAI
Details

A unnecessary privilege vulnerability in Trend Micro Apex One and Trend Micro Worry-Free Business Security 10.0 SP1 (on-prem versions only) could allow a local attacker to abuse an impersonation privilege and elevate to a higher level of privileges. Please note: an attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-45440"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-01-10T14:10:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A unnecessary privilege vulnerability in Trend Micro Apex One and Trend Micro Worry-Free Business Security 10.0 SP1 (on-prem versions only) could allow a local attacker to abuse an impersonation privilege and elevate to a higher level of privileges. Please note: an attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-4wp6-5frp-x2fq",
  "modified": "2022-01-15T00:03:30Z",
  "published": "2022-01-11T00:01:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-45440"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://success.trendmicro.com/solution/000289996"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-016"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-4WXH-FPJF-C8WF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-08 21:30 – Updated: 2024-05-08 00:31
VLAI
Details

An issue was found in CPython 3.12.0 subprocess module on POSIX platforms. The issue was fixed in CPython 3.12.1 and does not affect other stable releases.

When using the extra_groups= parameter with an empty list as a value (ie extra_groups=[]) the logic regressed to not call setgroups(0, NULL) before calling exec(), thus not dropping the original processes' groups before starting the new process. There is no issue when the parameter isn't used or when any value is used besides an empty list.

This issue only impacts CPython processes run with sufficient privilege to make the setgroups system call (typically root).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-6507"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-12-08T19:15:08Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue was found in CPython 3.12.0 `subprocess` module on POSIX platforms. The issue was fixed in CPython 3.12.1 and does not affect other stable releases.\n\nWhen using the `extra_groups=` parameter with an empty list as a value (ie `extra_groups=[]`) the logic regressed to not call `setgroups(0, NULL)` before calling `exec()`, thus not dropping the original processes\u0027 groups before starting the new process. There is no issue when the parameter isn\u0027t used or when any value is used besides an empty list.\n\nThis issue only impacts CPython processes run with sufficient privilege to make the `setgroups` system call (typically `root`).\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-4wxh-fpjf-c8wf",
  "modified": "2024-05-08T00:31:12Z",
  "published": "2023-12-08T21:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-6507"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/112334"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/pull/112617"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/10e9bb13b8dcaa414645b9bd10718d8f7179e82b"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/85bbfa8a4bbdbb61a3a84fbd7cb29a4096ab8a06"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/9fe7655c6ce0b8e9adc229daf681b6d30e6b1610"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mail.python.org/archives/list/security-announce@python.org/thread/AUL7QFHBLILGISS7U63B47AYSSGJJQZD"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design Operation

Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.

Mitigation MIT-48
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

Follow the principle of least privilege when assigning access rights to entities in a software system.

Mitigation MIT-49
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

Consider following the principle of separation of privilege. Require multiple conditions to be met before permitting access to a system resource.

CAPEC-122: Privilege Abuse

An adversary is able to exploit features of the target that should be reserved for privileged users or administrators but are exposed to use by lower or non-privileged accounts. Access to sensitive information and functionality must be controlled to ensure that only authorized users are able to access these resources.

CAPEC-233: Privilege Escalation

An adversary exploits a weakness enabling them to elevate their privilege and perform an action that they are not supposed to be authorized to perform.

CAPEC-58: Restful Privilege Elevation

An adversary identifies a Rest HTTP (Get, Put, Delete) style permission method allowing them to perform various malicious actions upon server data due to lack of access control mechanisms implemented within the application service accepting HTTP messages.