Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-22

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.

15937 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-102627 (GCVE-0-2026-102627)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-12 22:47 – Updated: 2026-10-13 14:39
VLAI
Title
Security Vulnerability identified in IBM TRIRIGA - Zip Slip
Summary
IBM TRIRIGA Application Platform 5.0.0 through 5.0.8 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper validation of file paths during archive extraction.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-13 14:02 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
ibm CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 88/100 over 1335 records in the last 180 days details
References
URL Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7292037 vendor-advisorypatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM TRIRIGA Application Platform Affected: 5.0.0 , ≤ 5.0.8 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:tririga_application_platform:5.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:tririga_application_platform:5.0.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-102457 (GCVE-0-2026-102457)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 08:32 – Updated: 2026-09-30 15:28
VLAI
Title
DigiWin｜EasyFlow .NET - Arbitrary File Read
Summary
EasyFlow .NET developed by Digiwin has an Arbitrary File Read vulnerability. Authenticated remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability to download arbitrary system files.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 14:54 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory
Assigner
twcert CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 80/100 over 96 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
DigiWin EasyFlow .NET Affected: 6.1.*
Affected: 6.6 , ≤ 6.6.19 (custom)
Affected: 8.1 , ≤ 8.1.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-30 08:31
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-102424 (GCVE-0-2026-102424)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-29 17:07 – Updated: 2026-10-01 04:55
VLAI
Title
Joomla Extension - balbooa.com - Unauthenticated path traversal exfiltrates local files through auto-reply attachments in Balbooa Forms < 2.4.3.4
Summary
Joomla Extension - balbooa.com - Unauthenticated path traversal exfiltrates local files through auto-reply attachments in Balbooa Forms < 2.4.3.4 - Balbooa Forms accepts upload-field state as Guest-controlled JSON during public form submission. For every object whose `id` merely looks numeric, the component trusts the supplied `filename`, concatenates it below the configured upload directory, and adds the result to an array of local attachment paths. It does not load the referenced attachment row, verify ownership/session/form/field, require that the ID exists, canonicalize the path, or enforce containment. If the form's normal “auto reply” and “attach uploaded files” options are enabled, the component sends those local paths as email attachments to the address submitted in an email field. A Guest can therefore submit a nonexistent numeric ID plus a traversal filename such as `../../../../configuration.php` and receive any file readable by the Joomla process.
Severity
8.9 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 19:51 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
Joomla CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 73/100 over 361 records in the last 180 days details
References
URL Tags
https://www.balbooa.com/ product
Impacted products
Credits
Łukasz Rybak
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-102332 (GCVE-0-2026-102332)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-28 22:21 – Updated: 2026-10-01 15:10
VLAI
Title
Dozzle before 11.1.2 Path Traversal via Log ZIP Download
Summary
Dozzle versions before 11.1.2 fail to sanitize container display names when building ZIP archive entry names in the log download endpoint. Attackers who can label containers can use path traversal sequences to write files outside the extraction directory when users download and extract logs.
Severity
4.6 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-01 15:09 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7402 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
amir20 dozzle Affected: 8.9.1 , < 11.1.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:amirraminfar:dozzle:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-25 00:00
Credits
Lazizbek Djurayev (Haad TC)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-102262 (GCVE-0-2026-102262)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-05 20:37 – Updated: 2026-10-11 17:05
VLAI
Title
Newell Brands DYMO ID parent directory open to path traversal through improper spheres of control
Summary
Newell Brands DYMO ID 1.5.1.71 resolves its plugin Modules directory relative to the process working directory. An attacker could store a job file alongside malicious modules / DLL that sets the process working directory to the job file's folder when a victim clicks on the file, resulting in code execution at the victim's privilege level. Fixed in 1.6.0.
Severity
7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · cisa-cg (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-01 14:37 UTC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-11 16:53 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-668 - Exposure of Resource to Wrong Sphere
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
cisa-cg CNA under the CISA root
CNA scorecard B 76/100 over 130 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Newell Brands DYMO ID Affected: 1.5.1.71 , < 1.6.0 (custom)
Unaffected: 1.6.0
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-02 00:00
Credits
Paweł Karwowski, GetResponse S.A. Bartosz Nowicki, GetResponse S.A.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-102257 (GCVE-0-2026-102257)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 13:12 – Updated: 2026-10-08 03:55
VLAI
Summary
A Zip Slip vulnerability in the in the SMA1000 Appliance Management Console (AMC) interface allows an attacker to extract files outside the intended destination directory using a specially crafted archive, resulting in remote code execution.
Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
sonicwall CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 54/100 over 27 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SonicWall SMA1000 Affected: 12.4.3-03526 (platform-hotfix) and older versions
Affected: 12.5.0-02952 (platform-hotfix) and older versions
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-07 13:01
Credits
Brian Mariani
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-102252 (GCVE-0-2026-102252)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-29 19:41 – Updated: 2026-09-30 15:28
VLAI
Title
Path Traversal in VMDK Extractor in OSV-SCALIBR
Summary
A path traversal vulnerability (CWE-22) in the embedded VMDK filesystem extractor in Google OSV-SCALIBR versions 0.3.6 through 0.5.0 allows an attacker who controls the scan target to write arbitrary files to the host system. When scanning crafted VMDK images, insufficient validation of archive path entries allows file extractions to escape destination directories.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 15:20 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  • CWE-23 - Relative Path Traversal
Assigner
Google CNA under the Google root
CNA scorecard B 77/100 over 40 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Google OSV-SCALIBR Affected: 0.3.6 , < 0.5.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
0xXA (https://github.com/0xXA)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-102242 (GCVE-0-2026-102242)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-29 17:47 – Updated: 2026-09-29 18:35
VLAI
Title
Path Traversal via Symlink Following in allowedLocalRoots in MCP Toolbox for Databases
Summary
Improper link resolution (CWE-59 / CWE-22) in the allowedLocalRoots path validation in Google MCP Toolbox for Databases versions 1.2.0 through 1.9.0 allows a remote authenticated attacker with tool execution permissions to bypass directory boundary restrictions via symbolic links. Because path validation checks directories lexically without resolving symbolic links first, an attacker can access or overwrite arbitrary local files located outside the permitted root directories.
Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-29 18:35 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-59 - Improper Link Resolution Before File Access ('Link Following')
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
Google CNA under the Google root
CNA scorecard B 77/100 over 40 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Google MCP Toolbox for Databases Affected: 1.2.0 , ≤ 1.9.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Emmanuel David Karganilla
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-102238 (GCVE-0-2026-102238)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 18:59 – Updated: 2026-10-31 18:00
VLAI
Title
Visual Studio Code Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('path traversal') in Visual Studio Code allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
9.6 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-13 21:14 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
microsoft CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 3962 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Visual Studio Code Affected: 1.0.0 , < 1.141.1 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:visual_studio_code:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-13 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-102229 (GCVE-0-2026-102229)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 18:59 – Updated: 2026-10-31 18:00
VLAI
Title
Visual Studio Code Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('path traversal') in Visual Studio Code allows an authorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-13 21:15 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
microsoft CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 3962 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Visual Studio Code Affected: 1.0.0 , < 1.141.1 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:visual_studio_code:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-13 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-5.1
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
  • Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation MIT-20.1
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
  • Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59). This includes:
  • realpath() in C
  • getCanonicalPath() in Java
  • GetFullPath() in ASP.NET
  • realpath() or abs_path() in Perl
  • realpath() in PHP
Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].

Mitigation MIT-29
Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

Mitigation MIT-21.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

  • When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
  • For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.
Mitigation MIT-22
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

  • Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
  • OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-34
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

  • Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
  • This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
Mitigation MIT-39
Implementation
  • Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
  • If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
  • Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
  • In the context of path traversal, error messages which disclose path information can help attackers craft the appropriate attack strings to move through the file system hierarchy.
Mitigation MIT-16
Operation Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.

CAPEC-126: Path Traversal

An adversary uses path manipulation methods to exploit insufficient input validation of a target to obtain access to data that should be not be retrievable by ordinary well-formed requests. A typical variety of this attack involves specifying a path to a desired file together with dot-dot-slash characters, resulting in the file access API or function traversing out of the intended directory structure and into the root file system. By replacing or modifying the expected path information the access function or API retrieves the file desired by the attacker. These attacks either involve the attacker providing a complete path to a targeted file or using control characters (e.g. path separators (/ or \) and/or dots (.)) to reach desired directories or files.

CAPEC-64: Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic

This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple ways of encoding a URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. A URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

CAPEC-78: Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the use of the backslash in alternate encoding. An adversary can provide a backslash as a leading character and causes a parser to believe that the next character is special. This is called an escape. By using that trick, the adversary tries to exploit alternate ways to encode the same character which leads to filter problems and opens avenues to attack.

CAPEC-79: Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the encoding of the Slash characters. An adversary would try to exploit common filtering problems related to the use of the slashes characters to gain access to resources on the target host. Directory-driven systems, such as file systems and databases, typically use the slash character to indicate traversal between directories or other container components. For murky historical reasons, PCs (and, as a result, Microsoft OSs) choose to use a backslash, whereas the UNIX world typically makes use of the forward slash. The schizophrenic result is that many MS-based systems are required to understand both forms of the slash. This gives the adversary many opportunities to discover and abuse a number of common filtering problems. The goal of this pattern is to discover server software that only applies filters to one version, but not the other.

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