Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-15
AllowedExternal Control of System or Configuration Setting
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
One or more system settings or configuration elements can be externally controlled by a user.
145 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2023-4704 (GCVE-0-2023-4704)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-01 09:55 – Updated: 2024-10-01 13:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
External Control of System or Configuration Setting in instantsoft/icms2
Summary
External Control of System or Configuration Setting in GitHub repository instantsoft/icms2 prior to 2.16.1-git.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-10-01 13:12 UTC
CWE
- CWE-15 - External Control of System or Configuration Setting
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| instantsoft | instantsoft/icms2 |
Affected:
unspecified , < 2.16.1-git
(custom)
|
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CVE-2023-3321 (GCVE-0-2023-3321)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-07-24 17:06 – Updated: 2024-10-24 15:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Code Execution through Writable Mosquitto Configuration File
Summary
A vulnerability exists by allowing low-privileged users to read and update the data in various directories used by the Zenon system. An attacker could exploit the vulnerability by using specially crafted
programs to exploit the vulnerabilities by allowing them to run on the zenon installed hosts.
This issue affects ABB Ability™ zenon: from 11 build through 11 build 106404.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-10-24 15:59 UTC
CWE
- CWE-15 - External Control of System or Configuration Setting
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ABB | ABB Ability™ zenon |
Affected:
11 build , ≤ 11 build 106404
(custom)
|
Date Public
2023-07-23 18:30
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CVE-2021-38453 (GCVE-0-2021-38453)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-10-22 11:23 – Updated: 2024-09-17 01:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
AUVESY Versiondog
Summary
Some API functions allow interaction with the registry, which includes reading values as well as data modification.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-15 - External Control of System or Configuration Setting
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-292-01 | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUVESY | Versiondog |
Affected:
All , ≤ 8.0
(custom)
|
Date Public
2021-08-19 00:00
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CVE-2021-31338 (GCVE-0-2021-31338)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-08-19 10:00 – Updated: 2024-08-03 22:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in SINEMA Remote Connect Client (All versions < V3.0 SP1). Affected devices allow to modify configuration settings over an unauthenticated channel. This could allow a local attacker to escalate privileges and execute own code on the device.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-15 - External Control of System or Configuration Setting
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/s… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | SINEMA Remote Connect Client |
Affected:
All versions < V3.0 SP1
|
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CVE-2021-27406 (GCVE-0-2021-27406)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-10-14 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-16 17:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PerFact OpenVPN-Client
Summary
An attacker can take leverage on PerFact OpenVPN-Client versions 1.4.1.0 and prior to send the config command from any application running on the local host machine to force the back-end server into initializing a new open-VPN instance with arbitrary open-VPN configuration. This could result in the attacker achieving execution with privileges of a SYSTEM user.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-04-16 17:26 UTC
CWE
- CWE-15 - External Control of System or Configuration Setting
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PerFact | OpenVPN-Client |
Affected:
unspecified , ≤ 1.4.1.0
(custom)
|
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CVE-2021-3707 (GCVE-0-2021-3707)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-08-16 04:55 – Updated: 2024-08-03 17:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
D-Link router DSL-2750U with firmware vME1.16 or prior versions is vulnerable to unauthorized configuration modification. An unauthenticated attacker on the local network may exploit this, with CVE-2021-3708, to execute any OS commands on the vulnerable device.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-15 - External Control of System or Configuration Setting
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/HadiMed/firmware-analysis/blob… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announce… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU92088210/ | third-party-advisoryx_refsource_JVN |
Impacted products
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CVE-2019-25716 (GCVE-0-2019-25716)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-01 21:15 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Dräger Infinity Delta/Kappa Patient Monitor DoS via Malformed Network Packet
Summary
Dräger Infinity Delta, Delta XL, and Kappa patient monitors contain a denial-of-service vulnerability that allows remote attackers to cause the monitor to reboot by sending a malformed network packet. Attackers can repeatedly send malformed network packets to disrupt patient monitoring until the device falls back to default configuration and loses network connectivity.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-02 15:09 UTC
CWE
- CWE-15 - External Control of System or Configuration Setting
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://static.draeger.com/security/download/2019… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/dr-ger-infin… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dräger | Infinity Delta |
Affected:
Infinity Delta
(custom)
|
|
| Dräger | Infinity Delta XL |
Affected:
Infinity Delta XL
(custom)
|
|
| Dräger | Infinity Kappa |
Affected:
Infinity Kappa
(custom)
|
Date Public
2019-01-22 00:00
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GHSA-295C-QXG5-G88Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:32
VLAI
Details
Multiple external config control vulnerabilities exists in the openvpn.cgi openvpn_server_setup() functionality of Wavlink AC3000 M33A8.V5030.210505. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger these vulnerabilities.A configuration injection vulnerability exists in the open_port POST parameter.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
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"modified": "2025-11-04T00:32:17Z",
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GHSA-2FGQ-7J6H-9RM4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-03 00:40 – Updated: 2026-03-30 13:19
VLAI
Summary
OpenClaw has system.run shell-wrapper env injection via SHELLOPTS/PS4 can bypass allowlist intent (RCE)
Details
Summary
system.run allowed SHELLOPTS + PS4 environment injection to trigger command substitution during bash -lc xtrace expansion before the allowlisted command body executed.
Affected Packages / Versions
- Package:
openclaw(npm) - Affected:
<= 2026.2.21-2(includes latest published npm version at triage time) - Patched (planned next release):
2026.2.22
Impact
In allowlist mode, an attacker who can invoke system.run with request-scoped env could execute additional shell commands outside the intended allowlisted command body.
Root Cause
Host exec env sanitization blocked startup-file vectors (BASH_ENV, ENV, etc.) but did not block SHELLOPTS/PS4. For shell wrappers (bash|sh|zsh ... -c/-lc), request env overrides were passed through and bash evaluated PS4 under xtrace, enabling command substitution.
Fix
- Block
SHELLOPTSandPS4in host exec env sanitizers (Node + macOS). - For shell wrappers (
bash|sh|zsh ... -c/-lc), reduce request-scoped env overrides to an explicit allowlist (TERM,LANG,LC_*,COLORTERM,NO_COLOR,FORCE_COLOR). - Add regression tests for TS and macOS paths.
Fix Commit(s)
e80c803fa887f9699ad87a9e906ab5c1ff85bd9a
Release Process Note
patched_versions is pre-set to the planned next release (2026.2.22). Once npm release 2026.2.22 is published, advisory publication is a final state action only.
Severity Rationale
This advisory is rated medium because exploitation requires a caller that can already invoke system.run with request-scoped env.
Under OpenClaw's documented trust model (SECURITY.md), authenticated Gateway callers are treated as trusted operators, and adversarial multi-operator / prompt-injection scenarios are out of scope.
The bug remains a real allowlist-intent bypass, but it does not cross a separate trust boundary in the documented deployment assumptions.
OpenClaw thanks @tdjackey for reporting.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "openclaw"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.2.22"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-32003"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-15",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-03T00:40:56Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-19T22:16:32Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\n`system.run` allowed `SHELLOPTS` + `PS4` environment injection to trigger command substitution during `bash -lc` xtrace expansion before the allowlisted command body executed.\n\n### Affected Packages / Versions\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Affected: `\u003c= 2026.2.21-2` (includes latest published npm version at triage time)\n- Patched (planned next release): `2026.2.22`\n\n### Impact\nIn `allowlist` mode, an attacker who can invoke `system.run` with request-scoped `env` could execute additional shell commands outside the intended allowlisted command body.\n\n### Root Cause\nHost exec env sanitization blocked startup-file vectors (`BASH_ENV`, `ENV`, etc.) but did not block `SHELLOPTS`/`PS4`. For shell wrappers (`bash|sh|zsh ... -c/-lc`), request env overrides were passed through and `bash` evaluated `PS4` under `xtrace`, enabling command substitution.\n\n### Fix\n- Block `SHELLOPTS` and `PS4` in host exec env sanitizers (Node + macOS).\n- For shell wrappers (`bash|sh|zsh ... -c/-lc`), reduce request-scoped env overrides to an explicit allowlist (`TERM`, `LANG`, `LC_*`, `COLORTERM`, `NO_COLOR`, `FORCE_COLOR`).\n- Add regression tests for TS and macOS paths.\n\n### Fix Commit(s)\n- `e80c803fa887f9699ad87a9e906ab5c1ff85bd9a`\n\n### Release Process Note\n`patched_versions` is pre-set to the planned next release (`2026.2.22`). Once npm release `2026.2.22` is published, advisory publication is a final state action only.\n\n### Severity Rationale\nThis advisory is rated **medium** because exploitation requires a caller that can already invoke `system.run` with request-scoped `env`.\n\nUnder OpenClaw\u0027s documented trust model (`SECURITY.md`), authenticated Gateway callers are treated as trusted operators, and adversarial multi-operator / prompt-injection scenarios are out of scope.\n\nThe bug remains a real allowlist-intent bypass, but it does not cross a separate trust boundary in the documented deployment assumptions.\n\nOpenClaw thanks @tdjackey for reporting.",
"id": "GHSA-2fgq-7j6h-9rm4",
"modified": "2026-03-30T13:19:17Z",
"published": "2026-03-03T00:40:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-2fgq-7j6h-9rm4"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-32003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/e80c803fa887f9699ad87a9e906ab5c1ff85bd9a"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-remote-code-execution-via-shellopts-ps4-environment-injection-in-system-run"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "OpenClaw has system.run shell-wrapper env injection via SHELLOPTS/PS4 can bypass allowlist intent (RCE)"
}
GHSA-2JW2-W8HC-JQCH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 15:30 – Updated: 2025-01-14 18:31
VLAI
Details
An external config control vulnerability exists in the openvpn.cgi openvpn_client_setup() functionality of Wavlink AC3000 M33A8.V5030.210505. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-38666"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-15"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-14T15:15:17Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An external config control vulnerability exists in the openvpn.cgi openvpn_client_setup() functionality of Wavlink AC3000 M33A8.V5030.210505. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-2jw2-w8hc-jqch",
"modified": "2025-01-14T18:31:56Z",
"published": "2025-01-14T15:30:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-38666"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2024-2051"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2024-2051"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
Mitigation
Implementation
Architecture and Design
Because setting manipulation covers a diverse set of functions, any attempt at illustrating it will inevitably be incomplete. Rather than searching for a tight-knit relationship between the functions addressed in the setting manipulation category, take a step back and consider the sorts of system values that an attacker should not be allowed to control.
Mitigation
Implementation
Architecture and Design
In general, do not allow user-provided or otherwise untrusted data to control sensitive values. The leverage that an attacker gains by controlling these values is not always immediately obvious, but do not underestimate the creativity of the attacker.
CAPEC-13: Subverting Environment Variable Values
The adversary directly or indirectly modifies environment variables used by or controlling the target software. The adversary's goal is to cause the target software to deviate from its expected operation in a manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-146: XML Schema Poisoning
An adversary corrupts or modifies the content of XML schema information passed between a client and server for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. XML Schemas provide the structure and content definitions for XML documents. Schema poisoning is the ability to manipulate a schema either by replacing or modifying it to compromise the programs that process documents that use this schema.
CAPEC-176: Configuration/Environment Manipulation
An attacker manipulates files or settings external to a target application which affect the behavior of that application. For example, many applications use external configuration files and libraries - modification of these entities or otherwise affecting the application's ability to use them would constitute a configuration/environment manipulation attack.
CAPEC-203: Manipulate Registry Information
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization in order to modify content within a registry (e.g., Windows Registry, Mac plist, application registry). Editing registry information can permit the adversary to hide configuration information or remove indicators of compromise to cover up activity. Many applications utilize registries to store configuration and service information. As such, modification of registry information can affect individual services (affecting billing, authorization, or even allowing for identity spoofing) or the overall configuration of a targeted application. For example, both Java RMI and SOAP use registries to track available services. Changing registry values is sometimes a preliminary step towards completing another attack pattern, but given the long term usage of many registry values, manipulation of registry information could be its own end.
CAPEC-270: Modification of Registry Run Keys
An adversary adds a new entry to the "run keys" in the Windows registry so that an application of their choosing is executed when a user logs in. In this way, the adversary can get their executable to operate and run on the target system with the authorized user's level of permissions. This attack is a good way for an adversary to run persistent spyware on a user's machine, such as a keylogger.
CAPEC-271: Schema Poisoning
An adversary corrupts or modifies the content of a schema for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Schemas provide the structure and content definitions for resources used by an application. By replacing or modifying a schema, the adversary can affect how the application handles or interprets a resource, often leading to possible denial of service, entering into an unexpected state, or recording incomplete data.
CAPEC-579: Replace Winlogon Helper DLL
Winlogon is a part of Windows that performs logon actions. In Windows systems prior to Windows Vista, a registry key can be modified that causes Winlogon to load a DLL on startup. Adversaries may take advantage of this feature to load adversarial code at startup.
CAPEC-69: Target Programs with Elevated Privileges
This attack targets programs running with elevated privileges. The adversary tries to leverage a vulnerability in the running program and get arbitrary code to execute with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.