Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-158
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete
The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes NUL characters or null bytes when they are sent to a downstream component.
55 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-105240 (GCVE-0-2026-105240)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-06 19:47 – Updated: 2026-10-07 16:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache log4net: NUL character truncates OutputDebugStringAppender records
Summary
Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character vulnerability in the OutputDebugStringAppender of Apache log4net.
A NUL character in logged content ended the debug output record at that point, so everything the layout rendered after it, including exception text and trailing fields, was silently lost. A party whose data reaches a log message could hide the rest of that record. Only applications on Windows that use OutputDebugStringAppender are affected.
This issue affects Apache log4net: from 1.2.9 before 3.5.0.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.5.0, which fixes the issue.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 16:26 UTC
CWE
- CWE-158 - Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character
Assigner
References
4 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache log4net |
Affected:
1.2.9 , < 3.5.0
(semver)
|
|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache log4net |
Affected:
02e1e115435888485f2e28b414d267e39e799e07 , < 6046fe9d7f353b49fe995361c071ec2eea8f7ef6
(git)
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CVE-2026-105239 (GCVE-0-2026-105239)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-06 19:46 – Updated: 2026-10-07 06:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache log4net: NUL character truncates EventLogAppender records
Summary
Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character vulnerability in the EventLogAppender of Apache log4net.
A NUL character in logged content ended the Windows Event Log record at that point, so everything the layout rendered after it, including exception text and trailing fields, was silently not stored. A party whose data reaches a log message could hide the rest of that record. Only applications on Windows that use EventLogAppender are affected.
This issue affects Apache log4net: from 1.2.9 before 3.5.0.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.5.0, which fixes the issue.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-06 19:58 UTC
CWE
- CWE-158 - Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character
Assigner
References
4 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache log4net |
Affected:
1.2.9 , < 3.5.0
(semver)
|
|
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Affected:
02e1e115435888485f2e28b414d267e39e799e07 , < dc5855a0720c91590fd7a81d729ea01fdd69e000
(git)
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CVE-2026-92705 (GCVE-0-2026-92705)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-09 20:37 – Updated: 2026-10-14 02:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Aegisub executes arbitrary code through automatically loaded Automation scripts
Summary
Aegisub is a cross-platform advanced subtitle editor. From 3.2.0 to 3.4.2, Aegisub automatically loads Automation scripts referenced by `Automation Scripts` metadata in `ASS` subtitle projects without asking whether the user trusts the scripts or their authors. An attacker can distribute a crafted `ASS` file together with a referenced malicious Automation script, and opening the `AS` file executes arbitrary code with the privileges of the Aegisub process. From 3.4.0 to 3.4.2, inconsistent handling of embedded `NUL` characters between extension validation and filesystem operations additionally allows a crafted `ASS/Lua` polyglot to reference and execute itself as a single-file variant. The vulnerability is fixed in Aegisub 3.5.0.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-14 02:14 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/TypesettingTools/Aegisub/secur… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/TypesettingTools/Aegisub/commi… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/TypesettingTools/Aegisub/commi… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/TypesettingTools/Aegisub/commi… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| TypesettingTools | Aegisub |
Affected:
>= 3.2.0, < 3.5.0
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CVE-2026-84790 (GCVE-0-2026-84790)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 21:39 – Updated: 2026-10-13 21:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
OpenVPN 2.7_alpha1 through 2.7.7 allows remote authenticated users to impersonate others via a crafted certificate subject field
Severity
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://community.openvpn.net/Security%20Announce… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-76354 (GCVE-0-2026-76354)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 21:34 – Updated: 2026-08-20 16:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Path Traversal through Search Head Clustering in Splunk Enterprise
Summary
In Splunk Enterprise versions below 10.4.2, 10.2.6, 10.0.9, and 9.4.14, a user who does not hold the "admin" or "power" Splunk roles could affect system integrity and availability by sending a crafted Representational State Transfer (REST) API request that deletes or temporarily overwrites files writable by the user account running Splunk Enterprise processes on a non-captain search head cluster member. The vulnerability is possible because Search Head Clustering bundle replication does not validate the name of a replicated bundle file or neutralize NUL bytes before constructing the member bundle path. For more information see About search head clustering (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/administer/distributed-search/10.4/overview-of-search-head-clustering/about-search-head-clustering), Define roles on the Splunk platform with capabilities (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/administer/manage-users-and-security/10.4/manage-splunk-platform-users-and-roles/define-roles-on-the-splunk-platform-with-capabilities), and Secure Splunk Enterprise service accounts (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/administer/manage-users-and-security/9.0/install-splunk-enterprise-securely/secure-splunk-enterprise-service-accounts) in the Splunk documentation.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 16:14 UTC
CWE
- CWE-158 - The software receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes NUL characters or null bytes when they are sent to a downstream component.
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Splunk | Splunk Enterprise |
Affected:
10.4 , < 10.4.2
(custom)
Affected: 10.2 , < 10.2.6 (custom) Affected: 10.0 , < 10.0.9 (custom) Affected: 9.4 , < 9.4.14 (custom) |
Date Public
2026-08-19 00:00
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CVE-2026-70603 (GCVE-0-2026-70603)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 15:56 – Updated: 2026-08-06 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Electron: shell.openPath path validation bypass via embedded null byte
Summary
Electron is a framework for writing cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML and CSS. Prior to 39.8.6, 40.9.0, 41.1.1, and 42.0.0-beta.1, shell.openPath() did not reject paths containing embedded null bytes. Apps that perform string-only validation of file paths, for example checking the file extension, before passing them to shell.openPath() could be bypassed, allowing an attacker-controlled path to open a different file than the one that passed validation. Apps are only affected if they pass paths derived from untrusted input to shell.openPath() and rely on string-based validation without a filesystem check. This issue is fixed in versions 39.8.6, 40.9.0, 41.1.1, and 42.0.0-beta.1.
Severity
6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-05 00:00 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/electron/electron/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-47778 (GCVE-0-2026-47778)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-26 17:27 – Updated: 2026-06-27 02:53
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Envoy: Embedded NUL in TLS DNS SAN Truncation in the Default TLS Certificate Validator. (Auth Bypass)
Summary
Envoy is an open source edge and service proxy designed for cloud-native applications. Prior to 1.35.11, 1.36.7, 1.37.3, and 1.38.1, a structural flaw was identified in DefaultCertValidator::verifySubjectAltName where the extracted DNS SAN string is cast to a C-style string using .c_str() before being passed to the Utility::dnsNameMatch() algorithm. If the attacker serves a certificate with a dNSName SAN containing an embedded NUL byte, the helper Utility::generalNameAsString captures the complete string including the NUL. However, when .c_str() evaluates it, implicit conversion to absl::string_view inside dnsNameMatch relies on strlen(), prematurely truncating the evaluation context. Envoy evaluates trucated string against the exact required config_san match and returns true, thereby successfully validating the string with the Nul byte for an upstream routing. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.35.11, 1.36.7, 1.37.3, and 1.38.1.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-27 02:52 UTC
CWE
- CWE-158 - Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/envoyproxy/envoy/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| envoyproxy | envoy |
Affected:
>= 1.38.0, < 1.38.1
Affected: >= 1.37.0, < 1.37.3 Affected: >= 1.36.0, < 1.36.7 Affected: < 1.35.11 |
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CVE-2026-43895 (GCVE-0-2026-43895)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-11 17:24 – Updated: 2026-05-13 14:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
jq: Embedded NUL in jq import paths causes local redaction-policy bypass and preserves sensitive fields in published artifacts
Summary
jq is a command-line JSON processor. In 1.8.1 and earlier, jq accepts embedded NUL bytes in import paths at the jq-language level, but later resolves those paths through C string operations during module and data-file lookup. This creates a mismatch between the logical import string that policy or audit code may validate and the on-disk path that jq actually opens.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-13 12:49 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/jqlang/jq/security/advisories/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-43861 (GCVE-0-2026-43861)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-04 05:52 – Updated: 2026-05-04 18:20
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
mutt before 2.3.2 does not check for '\0' in url_pct_decode.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-04 12:45 UTC
CWE
- CWE-158 - Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-43859 (GCVE-0-2026-43859)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-04 05:41 – Updated: 2026-05-04 18:20
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
mutt before 2.3.2 sometimes uses strfcpy instead of memcpy for the IMAP auth_cram MD5 digest.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-04 12:49 UTC
CWE
- CWE-158 - Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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Mitigation
Developers should anticipate that null characters or null bytes will be injected/removed/manipulated in the input vectors of their product. Use an appropriate combination of denylists and allowlists to ensure only valid, expected and appropriate input is processed by the system.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
CAPEC-52: Embedding NULL Bytes
An adversary embeds one or more null bytes in input to the target software. This attack relies on the usage of a null-valued byte as a string terminator in many environments. The goal is for certain components of the target software to stop processing the input when it encounters the null byte(s).
CAPEC-53: Postfix, Null Terminate, and Backslash
If a string is passed through a filter of some kind, then a terminal NULL may not be valid. Using alternate representation of NULL allows an adversary to embed the NULL mid-string while postfixing the proper data so that the filter is avoided. One example is a filter that looks for a trailing slash character. If a string insertion is possible, but the slash must exist, an alternate encoding of NULL in mid-string may be used.