Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-1336
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product uses a template engine to insert or process externally-influenced input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements or syntax that can be interpreted as template expressions or other code directives when processed by the engine.
313 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2024-32651 (GCVE-0-2024-32651)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-25 23:49 – Updated: 2025-02-13 17:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Server Side Template Injection in Jinja2 allows Remote Command Execution
Summary
changedetection.io is an open source web page change detection, website watcher, restock monitor and notification service. There is a Server Side Template Injection (SSTI) in Jinja2 that allows Remote Command Execution on the server host. Attackers can run any system command without any restriction and they could use a reverse shell. The impact is critical as the attacker can completely takeover the server machine. This can be reduced if changedetection is behind a login page, but this isn't required by the application (not by default and not enforced).
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/dgtlmoon/changedetection.io/se… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/dgtlmoon/changedetection.io/re… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.onsecurity.io/blog/server-side-templa… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://blog.hacktivesecurity.com/index.php/2024/… |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| dgtlmoon | changedetection.io |
Affected:
<= 0.45.20
|
|
| dgtlmoon | changedetection.io |
Affected:
0.45.20
cpe:2.3:a:dgtlmoon:changedetection.io:0.45.20:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-30372 (GCVE-0-2024-30372)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-22 20:05 – Updated: 2024-11-25 17:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Allegra getLinkText Server-Side Template Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Allegra getLinkText Server-Side Template Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Allegra. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the implementation of getLinkText method. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before processing it with the template engine. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of LOCAL SERVICE. Was ZDI-CAN-23609.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-… | x_research-advisory |
| https://alltena.com/en/resources/release-notes/re… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2024-08-22 20:34
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CVE-2024-28116 (GCVE-0-2024-28116)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-21 21:44 – Updated: 2024-08-02 00:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) with Grav CMS security sandbox bypass
Summary
Grav is an open-source, flat-file content management system. Grav CMS prior to version 1.7.45 is vulnerable to a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI), which allows any authenticated user (editor permissions are sufficient) to execute arbitrary code on the remote server bypassing the existing security sandbox. Version 1.7.45 contains a patch for this issue.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/getgrav/grav/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/getgrav/grav/commit/4149c81339… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-25624 (GCVE-0-2024-25624)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-25 16:30 – Updated: 2024-08-01 23:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
iris-web vulnerable to Server Side Template Injection in reports
Summary
Iris is a web collaborative platform aiming to help incident responders sharing technical details during investigations. Due to an improper setup of Jinja2 environment, reports generation in `iris-web` is prone to a Server Side Template Injection (SSTI). Successful exploitation of the vulnerability can lead to an arbitrary Remote Code Execution. An authenticated administrator has to upload a crafted report template containing the payload. Upon generation of a report based on the weaponized report, any user can trigger the vulnerability. The vulnerability is patched in IRIS v2.4.6. No workaround is available. It is recommended to update as soon as possible. Until patching, review the report templates and keep the administrative privileges that include the upload of report templates limited to dedicated users.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/dfir-iris/iris-web/security/ad… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-23692 (GCVE-0-2024-23692)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-31 09:36 – Updated: 2026-06-23 16:13 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Rejetto HTTP File Server 2.3m Unauthenticated RCE
Summary
Rejetto HTTP File Server, up to and including version 2.3m, is vulnerable to a template injection vulnerability. This vulnerability allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the affected system by sending a specially crafted HTTP request. As of the CVE assignment date, Rejetto HFS 2.3m is no longer supported.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vulncheck.com/advisories/rejetto-unauth-rce | third-party-advisory |
| https://mohemiv.com/all/rejetto-http-file-server-… | third-party-advisorytechnical-description |
| https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/pu… | issue-tracking |
| https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit… | government-resource |
| https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/unauthenti… | |
| https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2024-2… | |
| https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2024-2… |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rejetto | HTTP File Server |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.3m
(custom)
|
|
| rejetto | http_file_server |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.3m
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:rejetto:http_file_server:2.3m:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-12583 (GCVE-0-2024-12583)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-04 08:22 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:03
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Dynamics 365 Integration <= 1.3.23 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Remote Code Execution and Arbitrary File Read via Twig Server-Side Template Injection
Summary
The Dynamics 365 Integration plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution and Arbitrary File Read in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.23 via Twig Server-Side Template Injection. This is due to missing input validation and sanitization on the render function. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to execute code on the server.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| alexacrm | Dynamics 365 Integration |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.3.23
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2024-9150 (GCVE-0-2024-9150)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-21 11:40 – Updated: 2025-02-21 13:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Code Injection in Wyn Enterprise
Summary
Report generation functionality in Wyn Enterprise allows for code inclusion, but not sufficiently limits what code might be included. An attacker is able use a low privileges account in order to abuse this functionality and execute malicious code, load DLL libraries and executing OS commands on a host system with applications high privileges.
This issue has been fixed in version 8.0.00204.0
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.wynenterprise.com/ | product |
| https://cert.pl/en/posts/2025/02/CVE-2024-9150 | third-party-advisory |
| https://efigo.pl/blog/cve-2024-9150/ | technical-description |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wyn Enterprise | Wyn Enterprise |
Affected:
0 , < 8.0.00204.0
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-02-21 11:00
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CVE-2024-8238 (GCVE-0-2024-8238)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-20 10:11 – Updated: 2025-10-15 12:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unrestricted Code Execution in aimhubio/aim
Summary
In version 3.22.0 of aimhubio/aim, the AimQL query language uses an outdated version of the safer_getattr() function from RestrictedPython. This version does not protect against the str.format_map() method, allowing an attacker to leak server-side secrets or potentially gain unrestricted code execution. The vulnerability arises because str.format_map() can read arbitrary attributes of Python objects, enabling attackers to access sensitive variables such as os.environ. If an attacker can write files to a known location on the Aim server, they can use str.format_map() to load a malicious .dll/.so file into the Python interpreter, leading to unrestricted code execution.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| aimhubio | aimhubio/aim |
Affected:
unspecified , ≤ latest
(custom)
|
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"value": "In version 3.22.0 of aimhubio/aim, the AimQL query language uses an outdated version of the safer_getattr() function from RestrictedPython. This version does not protect against the str.format_map() method, allowing an attacker to leak server-side secrets or potentially gain unrestricted code execution. The vulnerability arises because str.format_map() can read arbitrary attributes of Python objects, enabling attackers to access sensitive variables such as os.environ. If an attacker can write files to a known location on the Aim server, they can use str.format_map() to load a malicious .dll/.so file into the Python interpreter, leading to unrestricted code execution."
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CVE-2024-6386 (GCVE-0-2024-6386)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-08-21 20:29 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WPML Multilingual CMS <= 4.6.12 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Remote Code Execution via Twig Server-Side Template Injection
Summary
The WPML plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution in all versions up to, and including, 4.6.12 via Twig Server-Side Template Injection. This is due to missing input validation and sanitization on the render function. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to execute code on the server.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2024-4040 (GCVE-0-2024-4040)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-22 19:21 – Updated: 2025-10-21 23:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unauthenticated arbitrary file read and remote code execution in CrushFTP
Summary
A server side template injection vulnerability in CrushFTP in all versions before 10.7.1 and 11.1.0 on all platforms allows unauthenticated remote attackers to read files from the filesystem outside of the VFS Sandbox, bypass authentication to gain administrative access, and perform remote code execution on the server.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
8 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.crushftp.com/crush11wiki/Wiki.jsp?pag… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.crushftp.com/crush10wiki/Wiki.jsp?pag… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.reddit.com/r/cybersecurity/comments/1… | related |
| https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/cr… | media-coverage |
| https://www.reddit.com/r/crowdstrike/comments/1c8… | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/2024/04/23/etr-u… | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/airbus-cert/CVE-2024-4040 | exploit |
| https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit… | government-resource |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CrushFTP | CrushFTP |
Affected:
10.0 , < 10.7.1
(semver)
Affected: 11.0 , < 11.1.0 (semver) |
|
| crushftp | crushftp |
Affected:
10.0 , < 10.7.1
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:crushftp:crushftp:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| crushftp | crushftp |
Affected:
11.0 , < 11.1.0
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:crushftp:crushftp:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2024-04-18 14:00
Credits
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Choose a template engine that offers a sandbox or restricted mode, or at least limits the power of any available expressions, function calls, or commands.
Mitigation
Implementation
Use the template engine's sandbox or restricted mode, if available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.