CWE-1321
AllowedImproperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete
The product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype.
780 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-J8PX-PJMP-325F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-17 18:31 – Updated: 2024-07-05 21:16A Prototype Pollution issue in flatten-json 1.0.1 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via module.exports.unflattenJSON (flatten-json/index.js:42)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@allanlancioni/flatten-json"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "1.0.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-36574"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-06-17T22:29:52Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-17T16:15:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A Prototype Pollution issue in flatten-json 1.0.1 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via module.exports.unflattenJSON (flatten-json/index.js:42)",
"id": "GHSA-j8px-pjmp-325f",
"modified": "2024-07-05T21:16:55Z",
"published": "2024-06-17T18:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-36574"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/mestrtee/d5a0c93459599f77557b5bbe78b57325"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/AllanLancioni/flatten-json"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "flatten-json Prototype Pollution"
}
GHSA-J9GP-7X9X-FJ2Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-01 15:32 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:47che3vinci c3/utils-1 1.0.131 was discovered to contain a prototype pollution via the function assign. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via injecting arbitrary properties.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-39016"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-01T13:15:05Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "che3vinci c3/utils-1 1.0.131 was discovered to contain a prototype pollution via the function assign. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via injecting arbitrary properties.",
"id": "GHSA-j9gp-7x9x-fj2q",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:47:39Z",
"published": "2024-07-01T15:32:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-39016"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/mestrtee/865a957857a096221fe6f8b258b282ac"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J9HR-GX6Q-5WPJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-20 12:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:32Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution') vulnerability in Rajesh Thanoch Quick Learn allows Object Injection.This issue affects Quick Learn: from n/a through 1.0.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-52441"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-20T12:15:20Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes (\u0027Prototype Pollution\u0027) vulnerability in Rajesh Thanoch Quick Learn allows Object Injection.This issue affects Quick Learn: from n/a through 1.0.1.",
"id": "GHSA-j9hr-gx6q-5wpj",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:32:34Z",
"published": "2024-11-20T12:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-52441"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/quick-learn/vulnerability/wordpress-quick-learn-plugin-1-0-1-php-object-injection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/quick-learn/wordpress-quick-learn-plugin-1-0-1-php-object-injection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J9WP-865G-RF48
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-25 15:30 – Updated: 2025-06-04 20:52A vulnerability was found in docarray up to 0.40.1. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function getitem of the file /docarray/data/torch_dataset.py of the component Web API. The manipulation leads to improperly controlled modification of object prototype attributes ('prototype pollution'). The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "docarray"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "0.40.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-5150"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-05-27T19:54:33Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-25T15:15:22Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in docarray up to 0.40.1. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function __getitem__ of the file /docarray/data/torch_dataset.py of the component Web API. The manipulation leads to improperly controlled modification of object prototype attributes (\u0027prototype pollution\u0027). The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-j9wp-865g-rf48",
"modified": "2025-06-04T20:52:34Z",
"published": "2025-05-25T15:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5150"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/superboy-zjc/56502343bcb12eb653081b426debf2c8"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/docarray/docarray"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.310238"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.310238"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.574696"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "docarray prototype pollution"
}
GHSA-JF85-CPCP-J695
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2019-07-10 19:45 – Updated: 2025-08-12 21:43Versions of lodash before 4.17.12 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution. The function defaultsDeep allows a malicious user to modify the prototype of Object via {constructor: {prototype: {...}}} causing the addition or modification of an existing property that will exist on all objects.
Recommendation
Update to version 4.17.12 or later.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "lodash"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.17.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "lodash-es"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.17.14"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "lodash-amd"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.17.13"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "lodash.defaultsdeep"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.6.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "lodash-rails"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.17.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-10744"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321",
"CWE-20"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2019-07-10T19:41:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-07-26T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Versions of `lodash` before 4.17.12 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution. The function `defaultsDeep` allows a malicious user to modify the prototype of `Object` via `{constructor: {prototype: {...}}}` causing the addition or modification of an existing property that will exist on all objects.\n\n## Recommendation\n\nUpdate to version 4.17.12 or later.",
"id": "GHSA-jf85-cpcp-j695",
"modified": "2025-08-12T21:43:01Z",
"published": "2019-07-10T19:45:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10744"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lodash/lodash/pull/4336"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3024"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/lodash-rails/CVE-2019-10744.yml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20191004-0005"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-LODASH-450202"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K47105354?utm_source=f5support\u0026amp%3Butm_medium=RSS"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K47105354?utm_source=f5support\u0026amp;utm_medium=RSS"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2021.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Prototype Pollution in lodash"
}
GHSA-JG82-XH3W-RHXX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-18 18:27 – Updated: 2025-07-22 15:37Impact
A __proto__ pollution vulnerability exists in synchrony versions before v2.4.4. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.
Summary
A __proto__ pollution vulnerability exists in the LiteralMap transformer allowing crafted input to modify properties in the Object prototype.
When executing in Node.js, due to use of the prettier module, defining a parser property on __proto__ with a path to a JS module on disk causes a require of the value which can lead to arbitrary code execution.
Patch
A fix has been released in deobfuscator@2.4.4.
Mitigation
- Upgrade synchrony to v2.4.4
- Launch node with the --disable-proto=delete or --disable-proto=throw flag
Proof of Concept
Craft a malicious input file named poc.js as follows:
// Malicious code to be run after this file is imported. Logs the result of shell command "dir" to the console.
console.log(require('child_process').execSync('dir').toString())
// Synchrony exploit PoC
{
var __proto__ = { parser: 'poc.js' }
}
Then, run synchrony poc.js from the same directory as the malicious file.
Credits
This vulnerability was found and disclosed by William Khem-Marquez.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "deobfuscator"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.1"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-45811"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-10-18T18:27:13Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-17T23:15:12Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nA `__proto__` pollution vulnerability exists in synchrony versions before v2.4.4. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.\n\n### Summary\n\nA `__proto__` pollution vulnerability exists in the [LiteralMap] transformer allowing crafted input to modify properties in the Object prototype.\n\nWhen executing in Node.js, due to use of the `prettier` module, defining a `parser` property on `__proto__` with a path to a JS module on disk [causes a `require` of the value][prettier/src/main/parser.js] which can lead to arbitrary code execution.\n\n### Patch\n\nA fix has been released in `deobfuscator@2.4.4`.\n\n### Mitigation\n\n- Upgrade synchrony to v2.4.4\n- Launch node with the [--disable-proto=delete][disable-proto] or [--disable-proto=throw][disable-proto] flag\n\n### Proof of Concept\n\nCraft a malicious input file named `poc.js` as follows:\n\n```js\n// Malicious code to be run after this file is imported. Logs the result of shell command \"dir\" to the console.\nconsole.log(require(\u0027child_process\u0027).execSync(\u0027dir\u0027).toString())\n\n// Synchrony exploit PoC\n{\n var __proto__ = { parser: \u0027poc.js\u0027 }\n}\n```\n\nThen, run `synchrony poc.js` from the same directory as the malicious file.\n\n### Credits\n\nThis vulnerability was found and disclosed by [William Khem-Marquez][SteakEnthusiast].\n\n[LiteralMap]: src/transformers/literalmap.ts\n[SteakEnthusiast]: https://github.com/SteakEnthusiast\n[disable-proto]: https://nodejs.dev/en/api/v20/cli/#--disable-protomode\n[prettier/src/main/parser.js]: https://github.com/prettier/prettier/blob/2.5.1/src/main/parser.js#L53-L63",
"id": "GHSA-jg82-xh3w-rhxx",
"modified": "2025-07-22T15:37:30Z",
"published": "2023-10-18T18:27:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/relative/synchrony/security/advisories/GHSA-jg82-xh3w-rhxx"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45811"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/relative/synchrony/commit/b583126be94c4db7c5a478f1c5204bfb4162cf40"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/relative/synchrony"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/relative/synchrony/security/advisories/src/transformers/literalmap.ts"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Synchrony deobfuscator prototype pollution vulnerability leading to arbitrary code execution"
}
GHSA-JG8V-48H5-WGXG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-08-10 16:02 – Updated: 2023-09-12 19:23This affects the package jszip before 3.7.0. Crafting a new zip file with filenames set to Object prototype values (e.g __proto__, toString, etc) results in a returned object with a modified prototype instance.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "jszip"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.7.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "jszip"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.7.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-23413"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-08-02T22:15:49Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-25T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "This affects the package jszip before 3.7.0. Crafting a new zip file with filenames set to Object prototype values (e.g `__proto__`, `toString`, etc) results in a returned object with a modified prototype instance.",
"id": "GHSA-jg8v-48h5-wgxg",
"modified": "2023-09-12T19:23:56Z",
"published": "2021-08-10T16:02:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-23413"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Stuk/jszip/pull/766"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Stuk/jszip/commit/22357494f424178cb416cdb7d93b26dd4f824b36"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/Stuk/jszip"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Stuk/jszip/blob/master/lib/object.js%23L88"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-ORGWEBJARS-1251499"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-ORGWEBJARSNPM-1251498"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-JSZIP-1251497"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "jszip Vulnerable to Prototype Pollution"
}
GHSA-JGPQ-G82G-6C39
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-04-07 15:52 – Updated: 2021-07-28 23:16confinit through 0.3.0 is vulnerable to Prototype Pollution.The 'setDeepProperty' function could be tricked into adding or modifying properties of 'Object.prototype' using a 'proto' payload.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "confinit"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.4.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-7638"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321",
"CWE-915"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-04-07T15:51:51Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-04-06T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "confinit through 0.3.0 is vulnerable to Prototype Pollution.The \u0027setDeepProperty\u0027 function could be tricked into adding or modifying properties of \u0027Object.prototype\u0027 using a \u0027__proto__\u0027 payload.",
"id": "GHSA-jgpq-g82g-6c39",
"modified": "2021-07-28T23:16:44Z",
"published": "2020-04-07T15:52:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-7638"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/davideicardi/confinit/commit/a34e06ca5c1c8b047ef112ef188b2fe30d2a1eab"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-CONFINIT-564433"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "confinit vulnerable to prototype pollution"
}
GHSA-JH2M-J8PP-55RC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-05-06 18:12 – Updated: 2021-05-05 18:26All versions of package gedi up to and including version 1.6.3 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the set function.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "gedi"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "1.6.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-7727"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-05-05T18:26:34Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-09-01T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "All versions of package gedi up to and including version 1.6.3 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the set function.",
"id": "GHSA-jh2m-j8pp-55rc",
"modified": "2021-05-05T18:26:34Z",
"published": "2021-05-06T18:12:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-7727"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-GEDI-598803"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Prototype Pollution in gedi"
}
GHSA-JJ58-488V-4RGF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-17 18:31 – Updated: 2024-08-02 15:50almela obx before v.0.0.4 has a Prototype Pollution issue which allows arbitrary code execution via the obx/build/index.js:656), reduce (@almela/obx/build/index.js:470), Object.set (obx/build/index.js:269) component.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@almela/obx"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.0.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-36573"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-06-17T22:29:47Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-17T16:15:14Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "almela obx before v.0.0.4 has a Prototype Pollution issue which allows arbitrary code execution via the obx/build/index.js:656), reduce (@almela/obx/build/index.js:470), Object.set (obx/build/index.js:269) component.",
"id": "GHSA-jj58-488v-4rgf",
"modified": "2024-08-02T15:50:03Z",
"published": "2024-06-17T18:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-36573"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/llGaetanll/obx/commit/984ad92dc06774da4e6bdae0f5f5e59ae80ece8f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/mestrtee/fd8181bbc180d775f8367a2b9e0ffcd1"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/llGaetanll/obx"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "obx Prototype Pollution"
}
Mitigation
By freezing the object prototype first (for example, Object.freeze(Object.prototype)), modification of the prototype becomes impossible.
Mitigation
By blocking modifications of attributes that resolve to object prototype, such as proto or prototype, this weakness can be mitigated.
Mitigation
Strategy: Input Validation
When handling untrusted objects, validating using a schema can be used.
Mitigation
By using an object without prototypes (via Object.create(null) ), adding object prototype attributes by accessing the prototype via the special attributes becomes impossible, mitigating this weakness.
Mitigation
Map can be used instead of objects in most cases. If Map methods are used instead of object attributes, it is not possible to access the object prototype or modify it.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.
CAPEC-180: Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels
An attacker exploits a weakness in the configuration of access controls and is able to bypass the intended protection that these measures guard against and thereby obtain unauthorized access to the system or network. Sensitive functionality should always be protected with access controls. However configuring all but the most trivial access control systems can be very complicated and there are many opportunities for mistakes. If an attacker can learn of incorrectly configured access security settings, they may be able to exploit this in an attack.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.