Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-1321
AllowedImproperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete
The product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype.
852 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-73647 (GCVE-0-2026-73647)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 17:57 – Updated: 2026-08-13 18:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Quasar Framework: Prototype pollution in Quasar extend() utility
Summary
Quasar Framework is a framework for building high-performance Vue.js user interfaces. Prior to 2.22.0, the public extend() utility in ui/src/utils/extend/extend.js recursively copied attacker-controlled object keys during extend(true, target, source) deep merges without rejecting an own __proto__ property. The merge could descend into the prototype object and write attacker-controlled properties to Object.prototype in the same JavaScript process. Applications that passed user-controlled or partially user-controlled objects to extend() could experience logic bypass, unsafe default-option injection, denial of service, or other application-specific impact when polluted properties were later consumed. This issue is fixed in version 2.22.0.
Severity
5.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-13 18:41 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/quasarframework/quasar/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/quasarframework/quasar/commit/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/quasarframework/quasar/release… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| quasarframework | quasar |
Affected:
< 2.22.0
|
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CVE-2026-73562 (GCVE-0-2026-73562)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 17:27 – Updated: 2026-08-14 18:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Mongoose: Prototype pollution in the update casting via __proto__-prefixed dotted path (Schema._getSchema/path getter)
Summary
Mongoose is a MongoDB object modeling tool designed to work in an asynchronous environment. Prior to 6.13.10, 7.8.10, 8.24.1, and 9.7.2, passing a user-controlled update such as MyModel.updateOne(filter, req.body) can exploit Mongoose update casting with a __proto__.x dotted path under $set. Schema.prototype.path and Schema.prototype._getPathType can treat inherited properties of schema.paths and schema.nested as schema types, allowing the casting process to set $fullPath and $parentSchemaDocArray on Object.prototype before throwing. This prototype pollution makes those properties visible on newly created objects and can cause application integrity and availability impacts. This issue is fixed in versions 6.13.10, 7.8.10, 8.24.1, and 9.7.2.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-14 17:41 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Automattic/mongoose/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/Automattic/mongoose/commit/35a… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/Automattic/mongoose/commit/728… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/Automattic/mongoose/commit/953… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/Automattic/mongoose/commit/fab… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Automattic | mongoose |
Affected:
< 6.13.10
Affected: >= 7.0.0, < 7.8.10 Affected: >= 8.0.0, < 8.24.1 Affected: >= 9.0.0, < 9.7.2 |
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CVE-2026-73088 (GCVE-0-2026-73088)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-11 17:00 – Updated: 2026-08-13 14:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Browserslist: Uncaught crash / prototype write via untrusted browserslist-stats.json custom stats (normalizeStats)
Summary
Browserslist is a configuration tool for sharing target browsers and Node.js versions between front-end tools. Prior to 4.28.7, normalizeStats() in node.js, reached unconditionally through getStat() and loadStat() on every browserslist() call, processes untrusted browserslist-stats.json, opts.stats, and CLI --stats data with an unguarded for...in loop and plain-object bracket access and assignment, allowing inherited Object.prototype keys including __proto__, toString, valueOf, constructor, hasOwnProperty, and isPrototypeOf to cause an uncaught TypeError or modify the prototype of the returned normalized object. This issue is fixed in version 4.28.7.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-13 14:50 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/browserslist/browserslist/secu… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/browserslist/browserslist/comm… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/browserslist/browserslist/rele… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| browserslist | browserslist |
Affected:
< 4.28.7
|
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CVE-2026-72769 (GCVE-0-2026-72769)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-11 12:17 – Updated: 2026-08-11 14:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
n8n before 1.123.67 Prototype Pollution via VM Expression Engine
Summary
n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the VM expression engine. An authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression can abuse the engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process (a sandbox escape), leading to a denial of service. Both self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-11 14:02 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-before-p… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-22 00:00
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CVE-2026-72749 (GCVE-0-2026-72749)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-11 12:17 – Updated: 2026-08-11 17:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
n8n before 1.123.67 Prototype Pollution via Edit Fields
Summary
n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the Edit Fields (Set) node. The node assigns output fields via a dot-notation path setter without restricting the field name, allowing an authenticated user to name a field after an inherited built-in method path and corrupt a shared global in the main Node.js process. Because that global is used on the request-authentication path, the instance then fails every authenticated request, causing an instance-wide denial of service for all users until the process is restarted.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-11 17:41 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-before-p… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-22 00:00
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CVE-2026-71553 (GCVE-0-2026-71553)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 20:03 – Updated: 2026-08-17 20:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ApostropheCMS: 2nd-order prototype pollution via PATCH leading to single-request persistent DoS
Summary
ApostropheCMS is an open-source Node.js content management system. In 4.32.0 and earlier, PATCH /api/v1/article/:id accepts the inherited path toString.call and passes it through the utility module to apos.util.set() and apos.util.get(), allowing an authenticated editor to overwrite the shared Object.prototype.toString function's call property and cause a persistent process-wide denial of service until restart.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 20:14 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/apostrophecms/apostrophe/secur… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/apostrophecms/apostrophe/commi… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| apostrophecms | apostrophe |
Affected:
<= 4.32.0
|
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CVE-2026-71438 (GCVE-0-2026-71438)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-06 19:59 – Updated: 2026-08-07 15:40
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Mermaid configuration APIs allow prototype pollution
Summary
Mermaid is a JavaScript tool that uses Markdown-inspired text to create and modify diagrams and charts. Prior to 10.9.8 and 11.16.1, Mermaid's configuration setters (mermaid.initialize, mermaidAPI.setConfig, and mermaidAPI.updateSiteConfig) merge caller-supplied configuration into Mermaid's internal config using the assignWithDepth deep-merge helper, which is vulnerable to prototype pollution. This is only exploitable if an application forwards untrusted data directly into one of these configuration entry points, which is outside their documented usage; diagram-supplied configuration (e.g. %%{init: {}}%% or YAML frontmatter) is not affected. This issue is fixed in versions 10.9.8 and 11.16.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-07 15:40 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/security/ad… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/pull/8022 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/commit/2cd6… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/commit/c34b… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/releases/ta… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/releases/ta… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| mermaid-js | mermaid |
Affected:
< 10.9.8
Affected: >= 11.0.0-alpha.1, < 11.16.1 |
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CVE-2026-71437 (GCVE-0-2026-71437)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-06 19:51 – Updated: 2026-08-07 17:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Mermaid Architecture diagrams are vulnerable to prototype pollution
Summary
Mermaid is a JavaScript tool that uses Markdown-inspired text to create and modify diagrams and charts. From version 11.5.0 until 11.16.1, Mermaid Architecture Diagrams are vulnerable to prototype pollution when a diagram defines a group with an id of __proto__. Because the group id is used directly as an object property key without validation, an attacker who can supply diagram text can pollute Object.prototype, potentially affecting the behavior of the embedding application. This issue is fixed in version 11.16.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-07 17:37 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/security/ad… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/pull/8022 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/commit/99af… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/releases/ta… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| mermaid-js | mermaid |
Affected:
>= 11.5.0, < 11.16.1
|
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CVE-2026-70610 (GCVE-0-2026-70610)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 17:41 – Updated: 2026-08-06 14:31
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Electron: contextBridge object copy honors prototype setters
Summary
Electron is a framework for writing cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML and CSS. Prior to 39.8.9, 40.9.2, 41.2.2, and 42.0.0-beta.4, objects copied across the contextBridge boundary from untrusted content could carry an attacker-influenced prototype, enabling prototype-pollution-style attacks against preload code despite context isolation being enabled. Apps are only affected if their preload code accepts object arguments from untrusted content and reads properties from them without own-property checks, while apps that only accept primitive arguments or validate object arguments are not affected. This issue is fixed in 39.8.9, 40.9.2, 41.2.2, and 42.0.0-beta.4.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-06 14:30 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
13 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/electron/electron/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/electron/electron/pull/51083 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/electron/electron/pull/51084 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/electron/electron/pull/51085 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/electron/electron/pull/51086 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/electron/electron/commit/17d5d… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/electron/electron/commit/23a6e… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/electron/electron/commit/4ac50… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/electron/electron/commit/5b699… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/electron/electron/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/electron/electron/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/electron/electron/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/electron/electron/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-67319 (GCVE-0-2026-67319)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-01 12:22 – Updated: 2026-08-03 18:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
axios before 0.33.0 Prototype Pollution via nested option objects
Summary
axios before 0.33.0 (and 1.x before 1.18.0) can consume inherited properties from nested request option objects when the JavaScript process's Object.prototype has already been polluted by another component. While the top-level merged config uses a null prototype, nested plain objects such as auth and paramsSerializer are cloned into ordinary objects and read without own-property checks. When an application passes placeholder nested objects such as auth: {} or paramsSerializer: {}, inherited username/password values can cause silent injection of an Authorization: Basic header, and inherited encode/serialize values can alter query-string serialization (full serializer replacement requires a function-valued pollution primitive). This is exploitable only in the presence of pre-existing prototype pollution.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-03 18:26 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisorie… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/axios-before… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-06 00:00
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Mitigation
Implementation
By freezing the object prototype first (for example, Object.freeze(Object.prototype)), modification of the prototype becomes impossible.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
By blocking modifications of attributes that resolve to object prototype, such as proto or prototype, this weakness can be mitigated.
Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
When handling untrusted objects, validating using a schema can be used.
Mitigation
Implementation
By using an object without prototypes (via Object.create(null) ), adding object prototype attributes by accessing the prototype via the special attributes becomes impossible, mitigating this weakness.
Mitigation
Implementation
Map can be used instead of objects in most cases. If Map methods are used instead of object attributes, it is not possible to access the object prototype or modify it.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.
CAPEC-180: Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels
An attacker exploits a weakness in the configuration of access controls and is able to bypass the intended protection that these measures guard against and thereby obtain unauthorized access to the system or network. Sensitive functionality should always be protected with access controls. However configuring all but the most trivial access control systems can be very complicated and there are many opportunities for mistakes. If an attacker can learn of incorrectly configured access security settings, they may be able to exploit this in an attack.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.