CWE-1321
AllowedImproperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete
The product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype.
859 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-9QRG-H9G8-C65Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-09-04 15:14 – Updated: 2020-08-31 18:55All versions of deep-setter are vulnerable to prototype pollution. The package does not restrict the modification of an Object's prototype, which may allow an attacker to add or modify an existing property that will exist on all objects.
Recommendation
No fix is currently available. Consider using an alternative package until a fix is made available.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "deep-setter"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-08-31T18:55:28Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "All versions of `deep-setter` are vulnerable to prototype pollution. The package does not restrict the modification of an Object\u0027s prototype, which may allow an attacker to add or modify an existing property that will exist on all objects.\n\n\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\nNo fix is currently available. Consider using an alternative package until a fix is made available.",
"id": "GHSA-9qrg-h9g8-c65q",
"modified": "2020-08-31T18:55:28Z",
"published": "2020-09-04T15:14:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/1333"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "Prototype Pollution in deep-setter"
}
GHSA-9RHG-254W-FH9X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-28 21:30 – Updated: 2025-03-31 15:58A prototype pollution in the component Module.mergeObjects (redoc/bundles/redoc.lib.js:2) of redoc <= 2.2.0 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "redoc"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-57083"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-03-31T15:58:51Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-28T21:15:17Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A prototype pollution in the component Module.mergeObjects (redoc/bundles/redoc.lib.js:2) of redoc \u003c= 2.2.0 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload.",
"id": "GHSA-9rhg-254w-fh9x",
"modified": "2025-03-31T15:58:51Z",
"published": "2025-03-28T21:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-57083"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Redocly/redoc/issues/2499"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Redocly/redoc/pull/2638"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/Redocly/redoc"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Redoc Prototype Pollution via `Module.mergeObjects` Component"
}
GHSA-9V98-6G37-X9G6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-26 21:03 – Updated: 2026-06-26 21:03Impact
Prototype pollution in deepstream server v <=10.0.4. Potential privilege escalation from any authenticated user with write permission to any record.
Patches
Yes, upgrade to v10.0.5
Workarounds
Filter out all messages containing the path __proto__, constructor, prototype, before they reach the server's message pipeline
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@deepstream/server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "10.0.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-49252"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-26T21:03:59Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-18T21:16:29Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Impact\nPrototype pollution in deepstream server v \u003c=10.0.4. Potential privilege escalation from any authenticated user with write permission to any record.\n\n### Patches\nYes, upgrade to v10.0.5\n\n### Workarounds\nFilter out all messages containing the path `__proto__`, `constructor`, `prototype`, **before they reach the server\u0027s message pipeline**",
"id": "GHSA-9v98-6g37-x9g6",
"modified": "2026-06-26T21:03:59Z",
"published": "2026-06-26T21:03:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/deepstreamIO/deepstream.io/security/advisories/GHSA-9v98-6g37-x9g6"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49252"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/deepstreamIO/deepstream.io/commit/54b8e2958a98df444b5b5d9a66e22872afd84e44"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/deepstreamIO/deepstream.io"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "deepstream is vulnerable to prototype pollution"
}
GHSA-9W5F-MW3P-PJ47
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-03 19:03 – Updated: 2023-11-06 19:34Summary
There is a Prototype Pollution(PP) vulnerability in dot-diver. It can leads to RCE.
Details
//https://github.com/clickbar/dot-diver/tree/main/src/index.ts:277
// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access
objectToSet[lastKey] = value
In this code, there is no validation for Prototpye Pollution.
PoC
import { getByPath, setByPath } from '@clickbar/dot-diver'
console.log({}.polluted); // undefined
setByPath({},'constructor.prototype.polluted', 'foo');
console.log({}.polluted); // foo
Impact
It is Prototype Pollution(PP) and it can leads to Dos, RCE, etc.
Credits
Team : NodeBoB
최지혁 ( Jihyeok Choi )
이동하 ( Lee Dong Ha of ZeroPointer Lab )
강성현 ( kang seonghyeun )
박성진 ( sungjin park )
김찬호 ( Chanho Kim )
이수영 ( Lee Su Young )
김민욱 ( MinUk Kim )
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@clickbar/dot-diver"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.0.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-45827"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-11-03T19:03:40Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-06T18:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\nThere is a Prototype Pollution(PP) vulnerability in dot-diver. It can leads to RCE.\n\n### Details\n```javascript\n//https://github.com/clickbar/dot-diver/tree/main/src/index.ts:277\n\n// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access\n objectToSet[lastKey] = value\n```\nIn this code, there is no validation for Prototpye Pollution.\n\n### PoC\n```javascript\nimport { getByPath, setByPath } from \u0027@clickbar/dot-diver\u0027\n\nconsole.log({}.polluted); // undefined\nsetByPath({},\u0027constructor.prototype.polluted\u0027, \u0027foo\u0027);\nconsole.log({}.polluted); // foo\n```\n\n### Impact\nIt is Prototype Pollution(PP) and it can leads to Dos, RCE, etc.\n\n### Credits\nTeam : NodeBoB\n\n\ucd5c\uc9c0\ud601 ( Jihyeok Choi )\n\n\uc774\ub3d9\ud558\u2003( Lee Dong Ha of ZeroPointer Lab )\n\n\uac15\uc131\ud604 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0( kang seonghyeun )\n\n\ubc15\uc131\uc9c4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ( sungjin park )\n\n\uae40\ucc2c\ud638\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ( Chanho Kim )\n\n\uc774\uc218\uc601 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0( Lee Su Young )\n\n\uae40\ubbfc\uc6b1 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0( MinUk Kim )\n",
"id": "GHSA-9w5f-mw3p-pj47",
"modified": "2023-11-06T19:34:19Z",
"published": "2023-11-03T19:03:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/clickbar/dot-diver/security/advisories/GHSA-9w5f-mw3p-pj47"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45827"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/clickbar/dot-diver/commit/9790834cf4c2bca75db00e588e58056dacaf602f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/clickbar/dot-diver/commit/98daf567390d816fd378ec998eefe2e97f293d5a"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/clickbar/dot-diver"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Prototype Pollution(PP) vulnerability in setByPath"
}
GHSA-9WCG-JRWF-8GG7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-08-05 14:53 – Updated: 2022-05-04 02:19This affects the package express-fileupload before 1.1.8. If the parseNested option is enabled, sending a corrupt HTTP request can lead to denial of service or arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "express-fileupload"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.1.9"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-7699"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321",
"CWE-915"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-08-03T21:20:00Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-07-30T09:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "This affects the package express-fileupload before 1.1.8. If the parseNested option is enabled, sending a corrupt HTTP request can lead to denial of service or arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-9wcg-jrwf-8gg7",
"modified": "2022-05-04T02:19:36Z",
"published": "2020-08-05T14:53:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-7699"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/richardgirges/express-fileupload/issues/236"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/richardgirges/express-fileupload/pull/237"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/richardgirges/express-fileupload/commit/db495357d7557ceb5c034de91a7a574bd12f9b9f"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/richardgirges/express-fileupload"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200821-0003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-EXPRESSFILEUPLOAD-595969"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Prototype Pollution in express-fileupload"
}
GHSA-9WX3-P993-35VP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-01 15:30 – Updated: 2026-09-01 18:41Duplicate Advisory
This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-7q8q-rj6j-mhjq. This link is maintained to preserve external references.
Original Description
axios before 0.33.0 (and 1.x before 1.18.0) can consume inherited properties from nested request option objects when the JavaScript process's Object.prototype has already been polluted by another component. While the top-level merged config uses a null prototype, nested plain objects such as auth and paramsSerializer are cloned into ordinary objects and read without own-property checks. When an application passes placeholder nested objects such as auth: {} or paramsSerializer: {}, inherited username/password values can cause silent injection of an Authorization: Basic header, and inherited encode/serialize values can alter query-string serialization (full serializer replacement requires a function-valued pollution primitive). This is exploitable only in the presence of pre-existing prototype pollution.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c 1.18.0"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "axios"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-09-01T18:41:21Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-01T13:17:02Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Duplicate Advisory\n\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of\u00a0GHSA-7q8q-rj6j-mhjq. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\naxios before 0.33.0 (and 1.x before 1.18.0) can consume inherited properties from nested request option objects when the JavaScript process\u0027s Object.prototype has already been polluted by another component. While the top-level merged config uses a null prototype, nested plain objects such as auth and paramsSerializer are cloned into ordinary objects and read without own-property checks. When an application passes placeholder nested objects such as auth: {} or paramsSerializer: {}, inherited username/password values can cause silent injection of an Authorization: Basic header, and inherited encode/serialize values can alter query-string serialization (full serializer replacement requires a function-valued pollution primitive). This is exploitable only in the presence of pre-existing prototype pollution.",
"id": "GHSA-9wx3-p993-35vp",
"modified": "2026-09-01T18:41:21Z",
"published": "2026-08-01T15:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisories/GHSA-7q8q-rj6j-mhjq"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-67319"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/axios-before-prototype-pollution-via-nested-option-objects"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Duplicate Advisory: Axios: Nested axios option objects can consume polluted prototype values",
"withdrawn": "2026-09-01T18:41:21Z"
}
GHSA-9X7M-9HPG-XXMW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-10 17:24 – Updated: 2021-07-19 15:44Prototype pollution vulnerability in 'putil-merge' versions1.0.0 through 3.6.6 allows attacker to cause a denial of service and may lead to remote code execution.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.6.6"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "putil-merge"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.7.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-25953"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-07-15T20:19:36Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-14T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Prototype pollution vulnerability in \u0027putil-merge\u0027 versions1.0.0 through 3.6.6 allows attacker to cause a denial of service and may lead to remote code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-9x7m-9hpg-xxmw",
"modified": "2021-07-19T15:44:57Z",
"published": "2021-12-10T17:24:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-25953"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.whitesourcesoftware.com/vulnerability-database/CVE-2021-25953"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Prototype Pollution in putil-merge"
}
GHSA-9XQH-F8H9-23PV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-14 00:32 – Updated: 2026-02-17 18:32A State Pollution vulnerability was discovered in the TON Virtual Machine (TVM) before v2025.04. The issue exists in the RUNVM instruction logic (VmState::run_child_vm), which is responsible for initializing child virtual machines. The operation moves critical resources (specifically libraries and log) from the parent state to a new child state in a non-atomic manner. If an Out-of-Gas (OOG) exception occurs after resources are moved but before the state transition is finalized, the parent VM retains a corrupted state where these resources are emptied/invalid. Because RUNVM supports gas isolation, the parent VM continues execution with this corrupted state, leading to unexpected behavior or denial of service within the contract's context.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-70956"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-13T22:16:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A State Pollution vulnerability was discovered in the TON Virtual Machine (TVM) before v2025.04. The issue exists in the RUNVM instruction logic (VmState::run_child_vm), which is responsible for initializing child virtual machines. The operation moves critical resources (specifically libraries and log) from the parent state to a new child state in a non-atomic manner. If an Out-of-Gas (OOG) exception occurs after resources are moved but before the state transition is finalized, the parent VM retains a corrupted state where these resources are emptied/invalid. Because RUNVM supports gas isolation, the parent VM continues execution with this corrupted state, leading to unexpected behavior or denial of service within the contract\u0027s context.",
"id": "GHSA-9xqh-f8h9-23pv",
"modified": "2026-02-17T18:32:55Z",
"published": "2026-02-14T00:32:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-70956"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ton-blockchain/ton/commit/1835d84602bbaaa1593270d7ab3bb0b499920416"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/Lucian-code233/beab9d14683ed2bdf5543be430b91c70"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ton-blockchain/ton/releases/tag/v2025.04#:~:text=Arayz%2C%20Robinlzw%2C%20%40wy666444%20%40Lucian-code233"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ZD35baKUikefFdtNHZIC9g"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C36V-FMGQ-M8HX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-09-07 22:57 – Updated: 2024-04-25 22:09immer is vulnerable to Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution').
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "immer"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "9.0.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-3757"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321",
"CWE-915"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-09-03T20:17:21Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-02T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "immer is vulnerable to Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes (\u0027Prototype Pollution\u0027).",
"id": "GHSA-c36v-fmgq-m8hx",
"modified": "2024-04-25T22:09:12Z",
"published": "2021-09-07T22:57:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3757"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/immerjs/immer/commit/fa671e55ee9bd42ae08cc239102b665a23958237"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/immerjs/immer"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/23d38099-71cd-42ed-a77a-71e68094adfa"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Prototype Pollution in immer"
}
GHSA-C3PX-V9C7-M734
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-09-03 19:04 – Updated: 2020-08-31 18:47Affected versions of mithrilare vulnerable to prototype pollution. The function parseQueryString may allow a malicious user to modify the prototype of Object, causing the addition or modification of an existing property that will exist on all objects. A payload such as __proto__%5BtoString%5D=123 in the query string would change the toString() function to 123.
Recommendation
If you are using mithril 2.x, upgrade to version 2.0.2 or later. If you are using mithril 1.x, upgrade to version 1.1.7 or later.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "mithril"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.1.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "mithril"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.0.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-08-31T18:47:02Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Affected versions of `mithril`are vulnerable to prototype pollution. The function `parseQueryString` may allow a malicious user to modify the prototype of `Object`, causing the addition or modification of an existing property that will exist on all objects. A payload such as `__proto__%5BtoString%5D=123` in the query string would change the `toString()` function to `123`.\n\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\nIf you are using mithril 2.x, upgrade to version 2.0.2 or later.\nIf you are using mithril 1.x, upgrade to version 1.1.7 or later.",
"id": "GHSA-c3px-v9c7-m734",
"modified": "2020-08-31T18:47:02Z",
"published": "2020-09-03T19:04:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/1094"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "Prototype Pollution in mithril"
}
Mitigation
By freezing the object prototype first (for example, Object.freeze(Object.prototype)), modification of the prototype becomes impossible.
Mitigation
By blocking modifications of attributes that resolve to object prototype, such as proto or prototype, this weakness can be mitigated.
Mitigation
Strategy: Input Validation
When handling untrusted objects, validating using a schema can be used.
Mitigation
By using an object without prototypes (via Object.create(null) ), adding object prototype attributes by accessing the prototype via the special attributes becomes impossible, mitigating this weakness.
Mitigation
Map can be used instead of objects in most cases. If Map methods are used instead of object attributes, it is not possible to access the object prototype or modify it.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.
CAPEC-180: Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels
An attacker exploits a weakness in the configuration of access controls and is able to bypass the intended protection that these measures guard against and thereby obtain unauthorized access to the system or network. Sensitive functionality should always be protected with access controls. However configuring all but the most trivial access control systems can be very complicated and there are many opportunities for mistakes. If an attacker can learn of incorrectly configured access security settings, they may be able to exploit this in an attack.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.