Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-122

Allowed

Heap-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().

6212 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-79828 (GCVE-0-2026-79828)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-15 09:56 – Updated: 2026-10-15 13:23
VLAI
Title
HPE NonStop Debug Utilities - Heap buffer overflow vulnerability
Summary
A heap buffer overflow in HPE NonStop Debug Utilities could corrupt resume-execution address and may potentially redirect execution flow.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 13:23 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based buffer overflow
Assigner
hpe CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 57/100 over 288 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-79827 (GCVE-0-2026-79827)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-15 09:45 – Updated: 2026-10-15 13:23
VLAI
Title
HPE NonStop Inspect Subsystem - Heap buffer overflow vulnerability
Summary
A heap buffer overflow in HPE NonStop Inspect Subsystem could corrupt resume-execution address and may potentially redirect execution flow.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 13:23 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based buffer overflow
Assigner
hpe CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 57/100 over 288 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Hewlett Packard Enterprise HPE NonStop Inspect Subsystem Affected: T9226L01^ABW and earlier
Unaffected: T9226L02
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-15 09:42
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-79826 (GCVE-0-2026-79826)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-15 09:38 – Updated: 2026-10-15 13:22
VLAI
Title
HPE NonStop OCAX - Heap buffer overflow vulnerability
Summary
A heap buffer overflow in HPE NonStop OCAX could corrupt address space and may potentially redirect execution flow.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 13:22 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based buffer overflow
Assigner
hpe CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 57/100 over 288 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Hewlett Packard Enterprise HPE NonStop OCAX Affected: T0892L01^AAP and earlier
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-15 09:36
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-79825 (GCVE-0-2026-79825)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-15 09:25 – Updated: 2026-10-15 13:45
VLAI
Title
HPE NonStop NDSREST - Heap buffer overflow vulnerability
Summary
A heap buffer overflow in HPE NonStop NDSREST could corrupt resume-execution address and may potentially redirect execution flow.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 13:45 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based buffer overflow
Assigner
hpe CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 57/100 over 288 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-10-15 09:22
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-79822 (GCVE-0-2026-79822)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-15 06:54 – Updated: 2026-10-15 14:53
VLAI
Title
HPE NonStop TNS/X Native Inspect - Execution flow vulnerability
Summary
A security vulnerability in HPE NonStop TNS/X Native Inspect may cause corruption of address and potentially redirect execution flow.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 14:53 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based buffer overflow
Assigner
hpe CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 57/100 over 288 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-10-15 06:52
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-78689 (GCVE-0-2026-78689)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-02 15:40 – Updated: 2026-09-03 03:56
VLAI
Title
NGINX ngx_http_js_module vulnerablility
Summary
Description NGINX JavaScript (njs) has a vulnerability in the XML module's namespace prefix list parser, reachable through the xml.exclusiveC14n() method. An unauthenticated remote attacker can trigger it when an affected NGINX configuration passes an externally controlled XML namespace prefix list to that method. Both the njs and the QuickJS (qjs) engines are affected. A crafted prefix list causes an out-of-bounds write past the end of a heap allocation. With the njs engine, which is the engine used when the js_engine directive is absent, this corrupts adjacent objects and crashes the NGINX worker. With the QuickJS engine, the same call additionally leaks the prefix list on every invocation, causing worker memory to grow across requests. The official nginxinc/nginx-saml reference implementation is affected during SAML signature verification. It reads InclusiveNamespaces/@PrefixList from an untrusted SAML message and passes it to xml.exclusiveC14n() before the signature has been verified, so a valid SAML signature is not required. A crafted SAML Response, Assertion, LogoutRequest, or LogoutResponse is sufficient. Code execution has not been demonstrated and cannot be ruled out for all platforms, as the effect of the out-of-bounds write depends on conditions beyond the attacker's control.   Impact This vulnerability allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service on the NGINX system, either through repeatable worker restarts or through worker memory growth or possibly trigger code execution. There is no control plane exposure; this is a data plane issue only. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.2 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-02 00:00 UTC
CWE
Assigner
f5 CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 87 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
F5 NGINX JavaScript Affected: 0.7.10 , < 1.0.1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-01-01 00:00
Credits
F5 acknowledges Vladimir Tokarev of Cyera and Sujal Tuladhar (EvilGenius) for bringing this issue to our attention and following the highest standards of coordinated disclosure.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-78526 (GCVE-0-2026-78526)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 17:18 – Updated: 2026-10-14 23:14
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Office Word Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-09 04:22 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
microsoft CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 3948 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-09-08 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-78521 (GCVE-0-2026-78521)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 17:18 – Updated: 2026-10-14 23:14
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Office Word Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-09 04:22 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
microsoft CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 3948 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-09-08 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-78517 (GCVE-0-2026-78517)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 17:13 – Updated: 2026-10-14 23:09
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Office Word Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
microsoft CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 3948 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-09-08 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-78512 (GCVE-0-2026-78512)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 17:18 – Updated: 2026-10-14 23:13
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Office Word Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Numeric truncation error in Microsoft Office Word allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-09 04:22 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-197 - Numeric Truncation Error
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
microsoft CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 3948 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-09-08 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en-US",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-197",
              "description": "CWE-197: Numeric Truncation Error",
              "lang": "en-US",
              "type": "CWE"
            },
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-122",
              "description": "CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow",
              "lang": "en-US",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-14T23:13:56.933Z",
        "orgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
        "shortName": "microsoft"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "Microsoft Office Word Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-78512"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Microsoft Office Word Remote Code Execution Vulnerability"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
    "assignerShortName": "microsoft",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-78512",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-08T17:18:33.310Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-24T17:28:00.622Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-14T23:13:56.933Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation

Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.

Mitigation
Operation

Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.

CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow

This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.

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