Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-121

Allowed

Stack-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

5212 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2025-68670 (GCVE-0-2025-68670)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-27 15:52 – Updated: 2026-02-03 01:34
VLAI
Title
xrdp improperly checks bounds of domain string length, which leads to Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Summary
xrdp is an open source RDP server. xrdp before v0.10.5 contains an unauthenticated stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability. The issue stems from improper bounds checking when processing user domain information during the connection sequence. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on the target system. The vulnerability allows an attacker to overwrite the stack buffer and the return address, which could theoretically be used to redirect the execution flow. The impact of this vulnerability is lessened if a compiler flag has been used to build the xrdp executable with stack canary protection. If this is the case, a second vulnerability would need to be used to leak the stack canary value. Upgrade to version 0.10.5 to receive a patch. Additionally, do not rely on stack canary protection on production systems.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
neutrinolabs xrdp Affected: < 0.10.5
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CVE-2025-68622 (GCVE-0-2025-68622)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-12 17:08 – Updated: 2026-01-12 18:37
VLAI
Title
Espressif ESP-IDF USB Host UVC Class Driver has a stack buffer overflow in UVC descriptor printing
Summary
Espressif ESP-IDF USB Host UVC Class Driver allows video streaming from USB cameras. Prior to 2.4.0, a vulnerability in the esp-usb UVC host implementation allows a malicious USB Video Class (UVC) device to trigger a stack buffer overflow during configuration-descriptor parsing. When UVC configuration-descriptor printing is enabled, the host prints detailed descriptor information provided by the connected USB device. A specially crafted UVC descriptor may advertise an excessively large length. Because this value is not validated before being copied into a fixed-size stack buffer, an attacker can overflow the buffer and corrupt memory. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.4.0.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
espressif esp-usb Affected: < 2.4.0
Create a notification for this product.
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CVE-2025-66635 (GCVE-0-2025-66635)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-16 06:59 – Updated: 2025-12-22 02:27
VLAI
Summary
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in SEIKO EPSON Web Config. Specially crafted data input by a logged-in user may execute arbitrary code. As for the details of the affected products and versions, see the information provided by the vendor under [References].
Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based buffer overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION Web Config Affected: See the information/details provided by the vendor
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CVE-2025-66280 (GCVE-0-2025-66280)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 03:05 – Updated: 2026-06-10 15:52
VLAI
Title
QTS, QuTS hero
Summary
An integer overflow or wraparound vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains an administrator account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to compromise the security of the system. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.2.9.3410 build 20260214 and later QuTS hero h5.2.9.3410 build 20260214 and later QuTS hero h5.3.4.3500 build 20260520 and later QuTS hero h6.0.0.3397 build 20260206 and later
Severity
5.1 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
QNAP Systems Inc. QTS Affected: 5.2.0 , < 5.2.9.3410 build 20260214 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
QNAP Systems Inc. QuTS hero Affected: h5.2.0 , < h5.2.9.3410 build 20260214 (custom)
Affected: h5.3.0 , < h5.3.4.3500 build 20260520 (custom)
Affected: ? , < h6.0.0.3397 build 20260206 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Bechir Bouali (@b3ch1r) from SecLab - TII
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-66215 (GCVE-0-2025-66215)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-30 17:06 – Updated: 2026-03-31 18:53
VLAI
Title
OpenSC: Stack-buffer-overflow WRITE in card-oberthur
Summary
OpenSC is an open source smart card tools and middleware. Prior to version 0.27.0, an attacker with physical access to the computer at the time user or administrator uses a token can cause a stack-buffer-overflow WRITE in card-oberthur. The attack requires crafted USB device or smart card that would present the system with specially crafted responses to the APDUs. This issue has been patched in version 0.27.0.
Severity
3.8 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenSC OpenSC Affected: < 0.27.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-66048 (GCVE-0-2025-66048)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-11 16:43 – Updated: 2025-12-11 19:36
VLAI
Summary
Several stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1. A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger these vulnerabilities.When Tag is 133
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Discovered by Mark Bereza and Lilith &gt;_&gt; of Cisco Talos.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-66047 (GCVE-0-2025-66047)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-11 16:43 – Updated: 2025-12-11 19:36
VLAI
Summary
Several stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1. A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger these vulnerabilities.When Tag is 131
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Discovered by Mark Bereza and Lilith &gt;_&gt; of Cisco Talos.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-66046 (GCVE-0-2025-66046)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-11 16:43 – Updated: 2025-12-11 19:36
VLAI
Summary
Several stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1. A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger these vulnerabilities.When Tag is 67
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Discovered by Mark Bereza and Lilith &gt;_&gt; of Cisco Talos.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-66045 (GCVE-0-2025-66045)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-11 16:43 – Updated: 2025-12-11 19:36
VLAI
Summary
Several stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1. A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger these vulnerabilities.When Tag is 65
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Discovered by Mark Bereza and Lilith &gt;_&gt; of Cisco Talos.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-66044 (GCVE-0-2025-66044)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-11 16:43 – Updated: 2025-12-11 19:36
VLAI
Summary
Several stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1. A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger these vulnerabilities.When Tag is 64
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Discovered by Mark Bereza and Lilith &gt;_&gt; of Cisco Talos.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.

Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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