CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5208 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-PP3F-F6JX-W9JR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-20 15:31 – Updated: 2025-08-20 15:31Tenda AC6 V15.03.06.23_multi is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in the function formSetMacFilterCfg via the parameters macFilterType and deviceList.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-55483"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-20T14:15:47Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenda AC6 V15.03.06.23_multi is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in the function formSetMacFilterCfg via the parameters macFilterType and deviceList.",
"id": "GHSA-pp3f-f6jx-w9jr",
"modified": "2025-08-20T15:31:42Z",
"published": "2025-08-20T15:31:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55483"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/SolitaryGrass/IoT_vuln/blob/main/tenda/AC6/AC6V2.0RTL_V15.03.06.23/formSetMacFilterCfg/poc.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PPXQ-2PGV-Q63J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-23 18:30Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_schd, at 0x9d01a144, the value for the on key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x290.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16294"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_schd, at 0x9d01a144, the value for the `on` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x290`.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-ppxq-2pgv-q63j",
"modified": "2023-01-23T18:30:19Z",
"published": "2023-01-12T00:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16294"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PQ3R-X8GQ-G8XM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30NETGEAR RAX30 Telnet CLI passwd Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR RAX30 routers. Although authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability, the existing authentication mechanism can be bypassed.
The specific flaw exists within the telnet CLI service, which listens on TCP port 23. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-20009.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-40478"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "NETGEAR RAX30 Telnet CLI passwd Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR RAX30 routers. Although authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability, the existing authentication mechanism can be bypassed.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the telnet CLI service, which listens on TCP port 23. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-20009.",
"id": "GHSA-pq3r-x8gq-g8xm",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:58Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:30:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-40478"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000065649/Security-Advisory-for-Post-authentication-Buffer-Overflow-on-the-RAX30-PSV-2023-0002"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1163"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PQ5G-X5Q3-3G25
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-24 15:30 – Updated: 2026-02-24 18:31Multiple post-authentication stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities in the SonicOS management interface due to improper bounds checking in a API endpoint.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-0399"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-24T15:21:36Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple post-authentication stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities in the SonicOS management interface due to improper bounds checking in a API endpoint.",
"id": "GHSA-pq5g-x5q3-3g25",
"modified": "2026-02-24T18:31:02Z",
"published": "2026-02-24T15:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0399"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2026-0001"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PQCF-6FPM-W7J4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-27 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:55Tenda AC10U v1.0 US_AC10UV1.0RTL_V15.03.06.49_multi_TDE01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the list parameter in the fromSetIpMacBind function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-44013"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-27T15:19:34Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Tenda AC10U v1.0 US_AC10UV1.0RTL_V15.03.06.49_multi_TDE01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the list parameter in the fromSetIpMacBind function.",
"id": "GHSA-pqcf-6fpm-w7j4",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:55:00Z",
"published": "2023-09-27T15:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-44013"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/aixiao0621/Tenda/blob/main/AC10U/0/0.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PQH8-XQ2X-MWG2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-17 21:31 – Updated: 2026-02-20 15:31TOTOLINK A3002RU V2.1.1-B20211108.1455 was discovered to contain a stack-based buffer overflow via the vpnUser or vpnPassword` parameters in the formFilter function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-26732"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-17T19:21:57Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK A3002RU V2.1.1-B20211108.1455 was discovered to contain a stack-based buffer overflow via the vpnUser or vpnPassword` parameters in the formFilter function.",
"id": "GHSA-pqh8-xq2x-mwg2",
"modified": "2026-02-20T15:31:00Z",
"published": "2026-02-17T21:31:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-26732"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/0xmania/cve/tree/main/TOTOLINK-A3002RU-boa-formFilter-StackOverflow"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PQMG-G7J2-2X57
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-31 18:31 – Updated: 2025-10-31 21:31Totolink LR350 v9.3.5u.6369_B20220309 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the ssid parameter in the sub_42396C function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-63464"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-31T17:15:47Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Totolink LR350 v9.3.5u.6369_B20220309 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the ssid parameter in the sub_42396C function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted request.",
"id": "GHSA-pqmg-g7j2-2x57",
"modified": "2025-10-31T21:31:01Z",
"published": "2025-10-31T18:31:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-63464"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/0-fool/VulnbyCola/blob/main/TOTOLINK/LR350/6/1.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PR5W-PVQG-5GFV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-19 21:30Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd sn_exw, at 0x9d01b3d8, the value for the d key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x334.This buffer is 100 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16309"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd sn_exw, at 0x9d01b3d8, the value for the `d` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x334`.This buffer is 100 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-pr5w-pvqg-5gfv",
"modified": "2023-01-19T21:30:26Z",
"published": "2023-01-12T00:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16309"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PR88-VHJ7-4QVR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-27 00:30 – Updated: 2024-03-27 00:30In AutomationDirect C-MORE EA9 HMI there is a program that copies a buffer of a size controlled by the user into a limited sized buffer on the stack which may lead to a stack overflow. The result of this stack-based buffer overflow can lead to denial-of-service conditions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-25137"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-26T23:15:46Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "\nIn AutomationDirect C-MORE EA9 HMI there is a program that copies a buffer of a size controlled by the user into a limited sized buffer on the stack which may lead to a stack overflow. The result of this stack-based buffer overflow can lead to denial-of-service conditions.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-pr88-vhj7-4qvr",
"modified": "2024-03-27T00:30:56Z",
"published": "2024-03-27T00:30:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-25137"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-086-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PRFF-37FR-238X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-20 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-20 18:31Tenda AC21 V16.03.08.16 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via the list parameter of /goform/setPptpUserList.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-65221"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-20T15:17:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Tenda AC21 V16.03.08.16 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via the list parameter of /goform/setPptpUserList.",
"id": "GHSA-prff-37fr-238x",
"modified": "2025-11-20T18:31:00Z",
"published": "2025-11-20T15:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-65221"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Madgeaaaaa/MY_VULN_2/blob/main/Tenda/VULN2.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.