Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-121

Allowed

Stack-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

5215 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-FWHP-R738-FMPJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-22 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-22 18:30
VLAI
Details

Tenda AX3 firmware v16.03.12.11 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the formGetIptv function due to improper handling of the stbpvid stack buffer, which may result in memory corruption and remote code execution.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-69764"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-22T16:16:07Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Tenda AX3 firmware v16.03.12.11 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the formGetIptv function due to improper handling of the stbpvid stack buffer, which may result in memory corruption and remote code execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-fwhp-r738-fmpj",
  "modified": "2026-01-22T18:30:31Z",
  "published": "2026-01-22T18:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69764"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://river-brow-763.notion.site/Tenda-AX3-Buffer-Overflow-in-formGetIptv-2c9a595a7aef80e9b90fdaa56f51374b"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://river-brow-763.notion.site/Tenda-AX3-Buffer-Overflow-in-formGetIptv-2c9a595a7aef80e9b90fdaa56f51374b?source=copy_link"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FWX6-53VM-R73W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-20 15:32 – Updated: 2024-08-02 21:31
VLAI
Details

Buffer Overflow vulnerability in open source FreeImage v.3.19.0 [r1909] allows a local attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) via the opj_j2k_copy_default_tcp_and_create_tcd() function when reading images in J2K format.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-28574"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-20T06:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Buffer Overflow vulnerability in open source FreeImage v.3.19.0 [r1909] allows a local attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) via the opj_j2k_copy_default_tcp_and_create_tcd() function when reading images in J2K format.",
  "id": "GHSA-fwx6-53vm-r73w",
  "modified": "2024-08-02T21:31:33Z",
  "published": "2024-03-20T15:32:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28574"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Ruanxingzhi/vul-report/tree/master/freeimage-r1909"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FX83-22H6-WQXV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30
VLAI
Details

Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_dmvpn function with the cisco_secret variable.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-25120"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-06T15:15:15Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_dmvpn function with the cisco_secret variable.",
  "id": "GHSA-fx83-22h6-wqxv",
  "modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:36Z",
  "published": "2023-07-06T15:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25120"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FXQ3-RJRF-GQQ3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-18 15:30 – Updated: 2024-09-18 15:30
VLAI
Details

A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the OpenPLC Runtime EtherNet/IP parser functionality of OpenPLC _v3 b4702061dc14d1024856f71b4543298d77007b88. A specially crafted EtherNet/IP request can lead to remote code execution. An attacker can send a series of EtherNet/IP requests to trigger this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-34026"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-09-18T15:15:14Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the OpenPLC Runtime EtherNet/IP parser functionality of OpenPLC _v3 b4702061dc14d1024856f71b4543298d77007b88. A specially crafted EtherNet/IP request can lead to remote code execution. An attacker can send a series of EtherNet/IP requests to trigger this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-fxq3-rjrf-gqq3",
  "modified": "2024-09-18T15:30:52Z",
  "published": "2024-09-18T15:30:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-34026"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2024-2005"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FXQX-WHF7-7M2W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-13 18:31 – Updated: 2026-01-16 18:31
VLAI
Details

Tenda AX-3 v16.03.12.10_CN was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the serviceName2 parameter of the fromAdvSetMacMtuWan function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted request.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-71024"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-13T16:16:05Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Tenda AX-3 v16.03.12.10_CN was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the serviceName2 parameter of the fromAdvSetMacMtuWan function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted request.",
  "id": "GHSA-fxqx-whf7-7m2w",
  "modified": "2026-01-16T18:31:23Z",
  "published": "2026-01-13T18:31:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-71024"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/0-fool/VulnbyCola/blob/main/Tenda/AX-3/12/1.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FXW3-RQ5V-QR7H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-13 15:32 – Updated: 2025-05-13 18:30
VLAI
Details

TOTOLINK A3002R v4.0.0-B20230531.1404 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the static_dns1 parameter in the formIpv6Setup interface.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-45867"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-13T15:15:58Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "TOTOLINK A3002R v4.0.0-B20230531.1404 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the static_dns1 parameter in the formIpv6Setup interface.",
  "id": "GHSA-fxw3-rq5v-qr7h",
  "modified": "2025-05-13T18:30:52Z",
  "published": "2025-05-13T15:32:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-45867"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Jiangxiazhe/IOT_hack/blob/main/TOTOLINK/A3002R/10/overflow.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.totolink.net/home/menu/detail/menu_listtpl/download/id/258/ids/36.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FXWR-6HQV-M4WV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-04 21:30 – Updated: 2026-02-04 18:30
VLAI
Details

Micron Crucial MX500 Series Solid State Drives M3CR046 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow, which can be triggered by sending specially crafted ATA packets from the host to the drive controller.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-42642"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-120",
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-09-04T20:15:07Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Micron Crucial MX500 Series Solid State Drives M3CR046 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow, which can be triggered by sending specially crafted ATA packets from the host to the drive controller.",
  "id": "GHSA-fxwr-6hqv-m4wv",
  "modified": "2026-02-04T18:30:18Z",
  "published": "2024-09-04T21:30:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-42642"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/VL4DR/CVE-2024-42642/tree/main"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.crucial.com/support/ssd-support/mx500-support"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://microncrucial.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G22H-XH6J-CGC7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-24 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-24 18:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in Tenda W15E 15.11.0.14. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function formIPMacBindModify of the file /goform/modifyIpMacBind. The manipulation of the argument IPMacBindRuleId/IPMacBindRuleIp/IPMacBindRuleMac/IPMacBindRuleRemark leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-261863. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-4120"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-24T18:15:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda W15E 15.11.0.14. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function formIPMacBindModify of the file /goform/modifyIpMacBind. The manipulation of the argument IPMacBindRuleId/IPMacBindRuleIp/IPMacBindRuleMac/IPMacBindRuleRemark leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-261863. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-g22h-xh6j-cgc7",
  "modified": "2024-04-24T18:30:33Z",
  "published": "2024-04-24T18:30:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4120"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/W15Ev1.0/formIPMacBindModify.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.261863"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.261863"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.317825"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G24X-VVQC-6C7R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31
VLAI
Details

D-Link DAP-1325 SetSetupWizardStatus Enabled Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.

The specific flaw exists within the handling of XML data provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18838.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-44409"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:54Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "D-Link DAP-1325 SetSetupWizardStatus Enabled Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of XML data provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18838.",
  "id": "GHSA-g24x-vvqc-6c7r",
  "modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:04Z",
  "published": "2024-05-03T03:31:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-44409"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1507"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G25P-MGGP-QQCF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-27 18:32 – Updated: 2024-03-27 18:32
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in Tenda FH1202 1.2.0.14(408). It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function formSetSpeedWan of the file /goform/SetSpeedWan. The manipulation of the argument speed_dir leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-258155. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-2986"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-27T17:15:54Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda FH1202 1.2.0.14(408). It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function formSetSpeedWan of the file /goform/SetSpeedWan. The manipulation of the argument speed_dir leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-258155. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-g25p-mggp-qqcf",
  "modified": "2024-03-27T18:32:39Z",
  "published": "2024-03-27T18:32:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2986"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/FH/FH1202/SetSpeedWan.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.258155"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.258155"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.301284"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.

Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.