Hardware debugging ports (e.g., JTAG, SWD, etc.) oftentimes have high privileges or direct access to the running device’s memory and integrated hardware. By leveraging one of these hardware debugging ports, an adversary may be able to read memory values from the device, change the value of a section of memory during runtime, or control the execution of code on the processor. This can give threat actors increased privileges on the device or bypass other security protections.

• CWE-1191: On-Chip Debug and Test Interface With Improper Access Control