Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-X6FW-778M-WR9V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-09 17:42 – Updated: 2026-03-09 17:42

Summary

Parse Server: JWT audience validation bypass in Google, Apple, and Facebook authentication adapters

Details

Impact

The Google, Apple, and Facebook authentication adapters use JWT verification to validate identity tokens. When the adapter's audience configuration option is not set (clientId for Google/Apple, appIds for Facebook), JWT verification silently skips audience claim validation. This allows an attacker to use a validly signed JWT issued for a different application to authenticate as any user on the target Parse Server.

For Google and Apple, the vulnerability is exploitable when the server does not configure clientId. The adapters accepted this as valid and simply skipped audience validation.
For Facebook Limited Login, the vulnerability exists regardless of configuration. The adapter validated appIds only for Standard Login (Graph API), but the Limited Login JWT path never passed appIds as the audience to JWT verification.

Patches

The fix enforces clientId (Google/Apple) and appIds (Facebook) as mandatory and passes them to JWT verification for audience validation. While this is technically a breaking change for servers that omit these options, it is not a breaking change as per documentation — all three options are documented as required configuration.

Workarounds

Google / Apple: Ensure clientId is set in the adapter configuration. When set, JWT verification correctly validates the audience claim even on unpatched versions.
Facebook Limited Login: There is no workaround. The unpatched adapter does not pass appIds to JWT audience validation, so the only mitigation is to upgrade.

References

GitHub security advisory: https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/security/advisories/GHSA-x6fw-778m-wr9v
Fix Parse Server 9: https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/releases/tag/9.5.0-alpha.11
Fix Parse Server 8: https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/releases/tag/8.6.10

Severity

9.3 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Show details on source website

JSON

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "parse-server"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "9.0.0-alpha.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "9.5.0-alpha.11"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "parse-server"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.6.10"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-30863"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-09T17:42:22Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-07T17:15:54Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nThe Google, Apple, and Facebook authentication adapters use JWT verification to validate identity tokens. When the adapter\u0027s audience configuration option is not set (`clientId` for Google/Apple, `appIds` for Facebook), JWT verification silently skips audience claim validation. This allows an attacker to use a validly signed JWT issued for a different application to authenticate as any user on the target Parse Server.\n\n- For Google and Apple, the vulnerability is exploitable when the server does not configure `clientId`. The adapters accepted this as valid and simply skipped audience validation.\n- For Facebook Limited Login, the vulnerability exists regardless of configuration. The adapter validated `appIds` only for Standard Login (Graph API), but the Limited Login JWT path never passed `appIds` as the audience to JWT verification.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe fix enforces `clientId` (Google/Apple) and `appIds` (Facebook) as mandatory and passes them to JWT verification for audience validation. While this is technically a breaking change for servers that omit these options, it is not a breaking change as per documentation \u2014 all three options are documented as required configuration.\n\n### Workarounds\n\n- Google / Apple: Ensure `clientId` is set in the adapter configuration. When set, JWT verification correctly validates the audience claim even on unpatched versions.\n- Facebook Limited Login: There is no workaround. The unpatched adapter does not pass `appIds` to JWT audience validation, so the only mitigation is to upgrade.\n\n### References\n\n- GitHub security advisory: https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/security/advisories/GHSA-x6fw-778m-wr9v\n- Fix Parse Server 9: https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/releases/tag/9.5.0-alpha.11\n- Fix Parse Server 8: https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/releases/tag/8.6.10",
  "id": "GHSA-x6fw-778m-wr9v",
  "modified": "2026-03-09T17:42:22Z",
  "published": "2026-03-09T17:42:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/security/advisories/GHSA-x6fw-778m-wr9v"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-30863"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Parse Server: JWT audience validation bypass in Google, Apple, and Facebook authentication adapters"
}

CVE-2026-30863 (GCVE-0-2026-30863)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-07 16:18 – Updated: 2026-03-09 18:25

Title

Parse Server: JWT audience validation bypass in Google, Apple, and Facebook authentication adapters

Summary

Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior to versions 8.6.10 and 9.5.0-alpha.11, the Google, Apple, and Facebook authentication adapters use JWT verification to validate identity tokens. When the adapter's audience configuration option is not set (clientId for Google/Apple, appIds for Facebook), JWT verification silently skips audience claim validation. This allows an attacker to use a validly signed JWT issued for a different application to authenticate as any user on the target Parse Server. This issue has been patched in versions 8.6.10 and 9.5.0-alpha.11.

Severity

9.3 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-03-09 16:43 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7895 records in the last 180 days details

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/s…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
parse-community	parse-server	Affected: < 8.6.10 Affected: < 9.5.0-alpha.11

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
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                "id": "CVE-2026-30863",
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                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-03-09T16:43:47.144774Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
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        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 9.3,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
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      "title": "Parse Server: JWT audience validation bypass in Google, Apple, and Facebook authentication adapters"
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    "dateReserved": "2026-03-05T21:27:35.342Z",
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  },
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}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

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How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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GHSA-X6FW-778M-WR9V

Impact

Patches

Workarounds

References

CVE-2026-30863 (GCVE-0-2026-30863)

Tags

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Nomenclature

Vulnerability timeline

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