Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-VXGG-MQX2-3W59

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-04 18:30 – Updated: 2026-05-08 17:57

Summary

Apache Polaris has an Improper Input Validation Issue

Details

Apache Polaris accepts literal * characters in namespace and table names. When it later builds temporary S3 access policies for delegated table access, those same characters appear to be reused unescaped in S3 IAM resource patterns and s3:prefix conditions.

In S3 IAM policy matching, * is treated as a wildcard rather than as ordinary text. That means temporary credentials issued for one crafted table can match the storage path of a different table.

In private testing against Polaris 1.4.0 using Polaris' AWS S3 temporary-credential path on both MinIO and real AWS S3, credentials returned for crafted tables such as f*.t1, f*.*, *.*, and foo.* could reach other tables' S3 locations.

The confirmed behavior includes: - reading another table's metadata control file ([Iceberg metadata JSON]); - listing another table's exact S3 table prefix ([table prefix]); - and, when write delegation was returned for the crafted table, creating and deleting an object under another table's exact S3 table prefix.

A control case using ordinary different names did not allow the same cross-table access.

A least-privilege AWS S3 variant was also confirmed in which the attacker principal had no Polaris permissions on the victim table and only the minimal permissions required to create and use a crafted wildcard table (namespace-scoped TABLE_CREATE and TABLE_WRITE_DATA on *). In that setup, direct Polaris access to foo.t1 remained forbidden, but the attacker could still create and load *.*, receive delegated S3 credentials, and use those credentials to list, read, create, and delete objects under foo.t1.

In Iceberg, the metadata JSON file is a control file: it tells readers which data files belong to the table, which snapshots exist, and which table version to read. So unauthorized access to it is already a meaningful confidentiality problem. The confirmed write-capable variant means the issue is not limited to disclosure.

Severity ?

9.9 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

9.4 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

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JSON

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.polaris:polaris-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.4.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-42810"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-20"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-08T17:57:32Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-04T17:16:26Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Apache Polaris accepts literal `*` characters in namespace and table names. When it later builds temporary S3 access policies for delegated table access, those same characters appear to be reused unescaped in S3 IAM resource patterns and `s3:prefix` conditions.\n\nIn S3 IAM policy matching, `*` is treated as a wildcard rather than as ordinary text. That means temporary credentials issued for one crafted table can match the storage path of a different table.\n\nIn private testing against Polaris 1.4.0 using Polaris\u0027 AWS S3 temporary-credential path on both MinIO and real AWS S3, credentials returned for crafted tables such as `f*.t1`, `f*.*`, `*.*`, and `foo.*` could reach other tables\u0027 S3 locations.\n\n\nThe confirmed behavior includes:\n- reading another table\u0027s metadata control file ([Iceberg metadata JSON]);\n- listing another table\u0027s exact S3 table prefix ([table prefix]);\n- and, when write delegation was returned for the crafted table, creating and deleting an object under another table\u0027s exact S3 table prefix.\n\nA control case using ordinary different names did not allow the same cross-table access.\n\nA least-privilege AWS S3 variant was also confirmed in which the attacker principal had no Polaris permissions on the victim table and only the minimal permissions required to create and use a crafted wildcard table (namespace-scoped `TABLE_CREATE` and `TABLE_WRITE_DATA` on `*`). In that setup, direct Polaris access to `foo.t1` remained forbidden, but the attacker could still create and load `*.*`, receive delegated S3 credentials, and use those credentials to list, read, create, and delete objects under `foo.t1`.\n\nIn Iceberg, the metadata JSON file is a control file: it tells readers which data files belong to the table, which snapshots exist, and which table version to read. So unauthorized access to it is already a meaningful confidentiality problem. The confirmed write-capable variant means the issue is not limited to disclosure.",
  "id": "GHSA-vxgg-mqx2-3w59",
  "modified": "2026-05-08T17:57:32Z",
  "published": "2026-05-04T18:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42810"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/polaris/commit/da54eb15c2c42c59afedefacbe7a528856b07c0a"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/polaris"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/gg3qq9sqg4hdjmprqy46p40xmln61dm9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/05/02/11"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Apache Polaris has an Improper Input Validation Issue"
}

CVE-2026-42810 (GCVE-0-2026-42810)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-04 16:48 – Updated: 2026-05-04 18:33

Title

Apache Polaris: could broaden vended S3 credentials through wildcard-bearing namespace or table names

Summary

Apache Polaris accepts literal `*` characters in namespace and table names. When it later builds temporary S3 access policies for delegated table access, those same characters appear to be reused unescaped in S3 IAM resource patterns and `s3:prefix` conditions. In S3 IAM policy matching, `*` is treated as a wildcard rather than as ordinary text. That means temporary credentials issued for one crafted table can match the storage path of a different table. In private testing against Polaris 1.4.0 using Polaris' AWS S3 temporary- credential path on both MinIO and real AWS S3, credentials returned for crafted tables such as `f*.t1`, `f*.*`, `*.*`, and `foo.*` could reach other tables' S3 locations. The confirmed behavior includes: - reading another table's metadata control file ([Iceberg metadata JSON]); - listing another table's exact S3 table prefix ([table prefix]); - and, when write delegation was returned for the crafted table, creating and deleting an object under another table's exact S3 table prefix. A control case using ordinary different names did not allow the same cross-table access. A least-privilege AWS S3 variant was also confirmed in which the attacker principal had no Polaris permissions on the victim table and only the minimal permissions required to create and use a crafted wildcard table (namespace-scoped `TABLE_CREATE` and `TABLE_WRITE_DATA` on `*`). In that setup, direct Polaris access to `foo.t1` remained forbidden, but the attacker could still create and load `*.*`, receive delegated S3 credentials, and use those credentials to list, read, create, and delete objects under `foo.t1`. In Iceberg, the metadata JSON file is a control file: it tells readers which data files belong to the table, which snapshots exist, and which table version to read. So unauthorized access to it is already a meaningful confidentiality problem. The confirmed write-capable variant means the issue is not limited to disclosure.

Severity ?

9.4 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

9.9 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE

CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation

Assigner

apache

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://lists.apache.org/thread/gg3qq9sqg4hdjmprq…	vendor-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Apache Software Foundation	Apache Polaris	Affected: 0 , < 1.4.1 (semver)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

GHSA-VXGG-MQX2-3W59

CVE-2026-42810 (GCVE-0-2026-42810)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature