{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/juju/juju"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.0.0-20221021155847-35c560704ee2"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.0.0-20260319091847-d06919eb03ec"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-32694"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-343"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-19T17:43:47Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-18T14:16:40Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nPredictable secret ID and lack of secret origin API enable confused deputy attacks on Juju workloads.\n\n### Details\n\nA Juju application can create a secret and grant it to another integrated application (grantee).\n\nWhen they do so, the secret owner has to communicate the secret id to the grantee.\n\nThe grantee, having received the secret id can load the secret content and perform operations on behalf of the secret owner.\n\nHowever, today the grantee has no way to determine which granted secret belongs to which owner.\n\nInstead the grantee relies on:\n- being able to read the secret by id (secret was in fact granted, by some entity)\n- secret id was received over a relation (the remote end of the relation is presumed to be secret owner)\n\nAdditionally, secret IDs are XID, which are predictable, here two secrets created by two distinct apps in the same K8s model close in time:\n```\nd34vsl7mp25c76301hs0\ntime (UTC): 2025-09-17 00:18:28 (Unix 1758068308)\nmachine: f6c88a\npid: 50072\ncounter: 6294648\n\nd34vslfmp25c76301hsg\ntime (UTC): 2025-09-17 00:18:29 (Unix 1758068309)\nmachine: f6c88a\npid: 50072\ncounter: 6294649\n```\n\n### PoC\n\nThis allows for an IDOR attack where:\n- actors:\n  - a **Good** application (the owner of the _Victim_),\n  - an **Evil** application, and\n  - a **Provider** application (the _Confused Deputy_)\n- relations: **Good** --- **Provider**, **Evil** --- **Provider**\n- secrets: **Good** and **Evil** create _Secrets_, granting them to the **Provider** and communicate _Secret IDs_ with the **Provider**.\n- semantics: the **Provider** performs some operation on behalf of the **Good**/**Evil** using the _Secret_.\n- weakness 1: **Evil** can guess the _Secret ID_ that **Good** granted and communicated to **Provider**.\n- weakness 2: _Juju_ doesn\u0027t provide the **Provider** application the facility to verify the provenance of the _Secret IDs_.\n- exploit: **Evil** passes **Good**\u0027s secret id to **Provider**.\n- bypass: **Provider** performs _evil_ operation with **Good**\u0027s _Secret ID_ on behalf of **Evil**.\n\n**Evil** could benefit by:\n- exfiltrating **Good**\u0027s _Secret_ via reflection.\n- reading or mutating **Good**\u0027s resources accessible via **Good*\u0027s _Secret_.\n\n### Impact\n\nThis requires a complex setup.\n\nNot all shared secrets are used like above, so an actual exploit requires a very specific relation interface, specific semantics of the data in the databag, and an administrator having a reasonable need to deploy two apps (one evil, one good) related to the same (third) provider app.\n\nIf exploited, it can be very hard to determine what went wrong after the fact.\n\n### Suggested remediation\n\n#### 1. Longer, random secret IDs\n\nFor example, if the secret id was extended with a 128-bit nonce, guessing a sibling secret ID would be infeasible, and an attack of this style would require another weakness (e.g. secret IDs exposed in logs)\n\n#### 2. Grantee secret API\n\nToday, an app is not allowed to call `secret-info-get` on the granted secret.\nAdditionally, granted secrets are not included in the `secret-ids` output.\n\nSuppose that the Provider could run these hook tools:\n```command\n(provider/0)\u003e secret-ids\nmy-own-secret-123\n\n(provider/0)\u003e secret-ids --grants\ngood-secret-id-42\nevil-secret-id-43\n\n(provider/0)\u003e secret-info-get good-secret-id-42\ngood-secret-id-42:\n  revision: 1\n  label: \"\"\n  owner: good\n  grant-relation-id: 12\n  rotation: never\n```\n\nThe Provider would then able to validate the secret ID it\u0027s about to use against:\n- the relation in which the secret ID has been passed (good relation 12 or evil relation 14)\n- the application or unit name of the secret owner (good or evil)",
  "id": "GHSA-5cj2-rqqf-hx9p",
  "modified": "2026-03-19T17:43:47Z",
  "published": "2026-03-19T17:43:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/juju/juju/security/advisories/GHSA-5cj2-rqqf-hx9p"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-32694"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/juju/juju/commit/d06919eb03ec68156818bcc304b5fe1c39a8f9e9"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/juju/juju"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Juju affected by Confused Deputy IDOR attack via Predictable user specified ID in Juju Secrets"
}