FKIE_CVE-2026-40342

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-04-17 20:16 - Updated: 2026-04-20 19:03
Severity ?
9.9 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Summary
Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.
References
security-advisories@github.comhttps://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v3.0.14
security-advisories@github.comhttps://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v4.0.7
security-advisories@github.comhttps://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v5.0.4
security-advisories@github.comhttps://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/security/advisories/GHSA-7pxc-h3rv-r257
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
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{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library\u0027s initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server\u0027s OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-40342",
  "lastModified": "2026-04-20T19:03:07.607",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 9.9,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.1,
        "impactScore": 6.0,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-04-17T20:16:35.930",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v3.0.14"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v4.0.7"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v5.0.4"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/security/advisories/GHSA-7pxc-h3rv-r257"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Undergoing Analysis",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-22"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-73"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-94"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-427"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}


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  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
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