CVE-2026-44001 (GCVE-0-2026-44001)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-13 17:29 – Updated: 2026-06-30 12:08
VLAI
Title
vm2: Sandbox Escape via Promise Constructor Unhandled Rejection (Process Crash DoS)
Summary
vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.0, a sandbox escape vulnerability in vm2 v3.10.5 allows any sandboxed code to crash the host Node.js process via a single Promise constructor that triggers an unhandled rejection propagating to the host. The fix for CVE-2026-22709 (v3.10.2) only sanitized the onRejected callback in .then() and .catch() overrides and did not address the executor-to-unhandledRejection path. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0.
Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-44001",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-05-18T15:16:50.402196Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-18T15:17:23.687Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-hw58-p9xv-2mjh"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "affected": [
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_portal:2"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "affected",
            "product": "Self-service automation portal 2",
            "vendor": "Red Hat"
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
            "product": "Red Hat Developer Hub",
            "vendor": "Red Hat"
          }
        ],
        "datePublic": "2026-05-13T17:29:00.289Z",
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "A flaw was found in vm2 (before 3.11.0). Sandboxed code can crash the host Node.js process via a Promise constructor that triggers an unhandled rejection propagating to the host; the CVE-2026-22709 fix only sanitized .then()/.catch() callbacks, not the executor path. Fixed in 3.11.0."
          }
        ],
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "namespace": "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/",
                "value": "Important"
              },
              "type": "Red Hat severity rating"
            }
          },
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 8.6,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
              "integrityImpact": "NONE",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "CHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            },
            "format": "CVSS"
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-248",
                "description": "Uncaught Exception",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:08:30.556Z",
          "orgId": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
          "shortName": "redhat-SADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "vdb-entry",
              "x_refsource_REDHAT"
            ],
            "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44001"
          },
          {
            "name": "RHBZ#2477208",
            "tags": [
              "issue-tracking",
              "x_refsource_REDHAT"
            ],
            "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2477208"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_sadp-csaf-vex"
            ],
            "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-44001.json"
          }
        ],
        "timeline": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "time": "2026-05-13T18:02:24.091Z",
            "value": "Reported to Red Hat."
          },
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "time": "2026-05-13T17:29:00.289Z",
            "value": "Made public."
          }
        ],
        "title": "vm2: vm2: Sandbox escape leads to Denial of Service",
        "x_adpType": "supplier",
        "x_generator": {
          "engine": "sadp-cli 1.0.0"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "vm2",
          "vendor": "patriksimek",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 3.11.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.0, a sandbox escape vulnerability in vm2 v3.10.5 allows any sandboxed code to crash the host Node.js process via a single Promise constructor that triggers an unhandled rejection propagating to the host. The fix for CVE-2026-22709 (v3.10.2) only sanitized the onRejected callback in .then() and .catch() overrides and did not address the executor-to-unhandledRejection path. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 8.6,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-248",
              "description": "CWE-248: Uncaught Exception",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-13T17:29:00.289Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-hw58-p9xv-2mjh",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-hw58-p9xv-2mjh"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-hw58-p9xv-2mjh",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "vm2: Sandbox Escape via Promise Constructor Unhandled Rejection (Process Crash DoS)"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-44001",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-13T17:29:00.289Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-04T21:24:36.505Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:08:30.556Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-44001",
      "date": "2026-07-01",
      "epss": "0.00448",
      "percentile": "0.35864"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-44001\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"published\":\"2026-05-13T18:16:16.720\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-06-30T03:19:49.117\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.0, a sandbox escape vulnerability in vm2 v3.10.5 allows any sandboxed code to crash the host Node.js process via a single Promise constructor that triggers an unhandled rejection propagating to the host. The fix for CVE-2026-22709 (v3.10.2) only sanitized the onRejected callback in .then() and .catch() overrides and did not address the executor-to-unhandledRejection path. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"patriksimek\",\"product\":\"vm2\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"\u003c 3.11.0\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]},{\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Red Hat\",\"product\":\"Self-service automation portal 2\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"cpes\":[\"cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_portal:2\"]},{\"vendor\":\"Red Hat\",\"product\":\"Red Hat Developer Hub\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"cpes\":[\"cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1\"]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":8.6,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"CHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":4.0},{\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":8.6,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"CHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":4.0}],\"ssvcV203\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"ssvcData\":{\"timestamp\":\"2026-05-18T15:16:50.402196Z\",\"id\":\"CVE-2026-44001\",\"options\":[{\"exploitation\":\"poc\"},{\"automatable\":\"yes\"},{\"technicalImpact\":\"partial\"}],\"role\":\"CISA Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-248\"}]},{\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-248\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:vm2_project:vm2:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"3.11.0\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"6DD48308-6219-4C66-9BE7-246EE56FB834\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-hw58-p9xv-2mjh\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44001\",\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\"},{\"url\":\"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2477208\",\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-hw58-p9xv-2mjh\",\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-44001.json\",\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\"}]}}",
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"vm2: vm2: Sandbox escape leads to Denial of Service\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"Red Hat severity rating\", \"content\": {\"value\": \"Important\", \"namespace\": \"https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/\"}}}, {\"format\": \"CVSS\", \"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"CHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 8.6, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"cpes\": [\"cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_portal:2\"], \"vendor\": \"Red Hat\", \"product\": \"Self-service automation portal 2\", \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}, {\"cpes\": [\"cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1\"], \"vendor\": \"Red Hat\", \"product\": \"Red Hat Developer Hub\", \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}], \"timeline\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"time\": \"2026-05-13T18:02:24.091Z\", \"value\": \"Reported to Red Hat.\"}, {\"lang\": \"en\", \"time\": \"2026-05-13T17:29:00.289Z\", \"value\": \"Made public.\"}], \"x_adpType\": \"supplier\", \"datePublic\": \"2026-05-13T17:29:00.289Z\", \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44001\", \"tags\": [\"vdb-entry\", \"x_refsource_REDHAT\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2477208\", \"name\": \"RHBZ#2477208\", \"tags\": [\"issue-tracking\", \"x_refsource_REDHAT\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-44001.json\", \"tags\": [\"x_sadp-csaf-vex\"]}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"sadp-cli 1.0.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"A flaw was found in vm2 (before 3.11.0). Sandboxed code can crash the host Node.js process via a Promise constructor that triggers an unhandled rejection propagating to the host; the CVE-2026-22709 fix only sanitized .then()/.catch() callbacks, not the executor path. Fixed in 3.11.0.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-248\", \"description\": \"Uncaught Exception\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\", \"shortName\": \"redhat-SADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-30T03:16:26.651Z\"}}, {\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-44001\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"poc\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"yes\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-05-18T15:16:50.402196Z\"}}}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-hw58-p9xv-2mjh\", \"tags\": [\"exploit\"]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-18T15:17:00.520Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"vm2: Sandbox Escape via Promise Constructor Unhandled Rejection (Process Crash DoS)\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-hw58-p9xv-2mjh\", \"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"CHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 8.6, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"patriksimek\", \"product\": \"vm2\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003c 3.11.0\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-hw58-p9xv-2mjh\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-hw58-p9xv-2mjh\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\"]}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.0, a sandbox escape vulnerability in vm2 v3.10.5 allows any sandboxed code to crash the host Node.js process via a single Promise constructor that triggers an unhandled rejection propagating to the host. The fix for CVE-2026-22709 (v3.10.2) only sanitized the onRejected callback in .then() and .catch() overrides and did not address the executor-to-unhandledRejection path. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-248\", \"description\": \"CWE-248: Uncaught Exception\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"shortName\": \"GitHub_M\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-13T17:29:00.289Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-44001\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-30T03:16:26.651Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-05-04T21:24:36.505Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-05-13T17:29:00.289Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"GitHub_M\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.