Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-28681 (GCVE-0-2026-28681)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-06 04:35 – Updated: 2026-03-06 16:07

Title

IRRd: web UI host header injection allows password reset poisoning via attacker-controlled email links

Summary

Internet Routing Registry daemon version 4 is an IRR database server, processing IRR objects in the RPSL format. From version 4.4.0 to before version 4.4.5 and from version 4.5.0 to before version 4.5.1, an attacker can manipulate the HTTP Host header on a password reset or account creation request. The confirmation link in the resulting email can then point to an attacker-controlled domain. Opening the link in the email is sufficient to pass the token to the attacker, who can then use it on the real IRRD instance to take over the account. A compromised account can then be used to modify RPSL objects maintained by the account's mntners and perform other account actions. If the user had two-factor authentication configured, which is required for users with override access, an attacker is not able to log in, even after successfully resetting the password. This issue has been patched in versions 4.4.5 and 4.5.1.

Severity ?

8.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CWE

CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
CWE-640 - Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

URL

Tags

	https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/security/advisori…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
	https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/8408e0f1b9…	x_refsource_MISC
	https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/cf62df4a49…	x_refsource_MISC
	https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.4.5	x_refsource_MISC
	https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.5.1	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	irrdnet	irrd	Affected: >= 4.4.0, < 4.4.5 Affected: >= 4.5.0, < 4.5.1

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-28681",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-03-06T15:58:15.412745Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-03-06T16:07:02.713Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "irrd",
          "vendor": "irrdnet",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 4.4.0, \u003c 4.4.5"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 4.5.0, \u003c 4.5.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Internet Routing Registry daemon version 4 is an IRR database server, processing IRR objects in the RPSL format. From version 4.4.0 to before version 4.4.5 and from version 4.5.0 to before version 4.5.1, an attacker can manipulate the HTTP Host header on a password reset or account creation request. The confirmation link in the resulting email can then point to an attacker-controlled domain. Opening the link in the email is sufficient to pass the token to the attacker, who can then use it on the real IRRD instance to take over the account. A compromised account can then be used to modify RPSL objects maintained by the account\u0027s mntners and perform other account actions. If the user had two-factor authentication configured, which is required for users with override access, an attacker is not able to log in, even after successfully resetting the password. This issue has been patched in versions 4.4.5 and 4.5.1."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 8.1,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-601",
              "description": "CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-640",
              "description": "CWE-640: Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-03-06T04:35:59.899Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/security/advisories/GHSA-22m3-c7vp-49fj",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/security/advisories/GHSA-22m3-c7vp-49fj"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/8408e0f1b9f47eb2f2e712d6153e32194df05fbb",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/8408e0f1b9f47eb2f2e712d6153e32194df05fbb"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/cf62df4a49d3891e80b2879d9b324d1af050000c",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/cf62df4a49d3891e80b2879d9b324d1af050000c"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.4.5",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.4.5"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.5.1",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.5.1"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-22m3-c7vp-49fj",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "IRRd: web UI host header injection allows password reset poisoning via attacker-controlled email links"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-28681",
    "datePublished": "2026-03-06T04:35:59.899Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-03-02T21:43:19.927Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-03-06T16:07:02.713Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-28681",
      "date": "2026-04-24",
      "epss": "0.00034",
      "percentile": "0.09909"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-28681\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"published\":\"2026-03-06T05:16:37.710\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-04-21T14:45:02.460\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Analyzed\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Internet Routing Registry daemon version 4 is an IRR database server, processing IRR objects in the RPSL format. From version 4.4.0 to before version 4.4.5 and from version 4.5.0 to before version 4.5.1, an attacker can manipulate the HTTP Host header on a password reset or account creation request. The confirmation link in the resulting email can then point to an attacker-controlled domain. Opening the link in the email is sufficient to pass the token to the attacker, who can then use it on the real IRRD instance to take over the account. A compromised account can then be used to modify RPSL objects maintained by the account\u0027s mntners and perform other account actions. If the user had two-factor authentication configured, which is required for users with override access, an attacker is not able to log in, even after successfully resetting the password. This issue has been patched in versions 4.4.5 and 4.5.1.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"Demonio de Internet Routing Registry versi\u00f3n 4 es un servidor de base de datos IRR, que procesa objetos IRR en formato RPSL. Desde la versi\u00f3n 4.4.0 hasta antes de la versi\u00f3n 4.4.5 y desde la versi\u00f3n 4.5.0 hasta antes de la versi\u00f3n 4.5.1, un atacante puede manipular el encabezado HTTP Host en una solicitud de restablecimiento de contrase\u00f1a o creaci\u00f3n de cuenta. El enlace de confirmaci\u00f3n en el correo electr\u00f3nico resultante puede entonces apuntar a un dominio controlado por el atacante. Abrir el enlace en el correo electr\u00f3nico es suficiente para pasar el token al atacante, quien puede entonces usarlo en la instancia real de IRRD para tomar control de la cuenta. Una cuenta comprometida puede entonces ser utilizada para modificar objetos RPSL mantenidos por los mntners de la cuenta y realizar otras acciones de la cuenta. Si el usuario ten\u00eda la autenticaci\u00f3n de dos factores configurada, lo cual es requerido para usuarios con acceso de anulaci\u00f3n, un atacante no puede iniciar sesi\u00f3n, incluso despu\u00e9s de restablecer la contrase\u00f1a con \u00e9xito. Este problema ha sido parcheado en las versiones 4.4.5 y 4.5.1.\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N\",\"baseScore\":8.1,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"REQUIRED\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"NONE\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.8,\"impactScore\":5.2}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-601\"},{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-640\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:internet_routing_registry_daemon_project:internet_routing_registry_daemon:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.4.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"4.4.5\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"574BCDBF-F12E-409C-B62A-5EB3A0451BD1\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:internet_routing_registry_daemon_project:internet_routing_registry_daemon:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.5.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"4.5.1\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D3CAA62B-54C2-4D17-84A3-33366F007E0E\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/8408e0f1b9f47eb2f2e712d6153e32194df05fbb\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/cf62df4a49d3891e80b2879d9b324d1af050000c\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/security/advisories/GHSA-22m3-c7vp-49fj\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Mitigation\",\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.4.5\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Release Notes\"]},{\"url\":\"https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.5.1\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Release Notes\"]}]}}",
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-28681\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-03-06T15:58:15.412745Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-03-06T15:58:16.561Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"IRRd: web UI host header injection allows password reset poisoning via attacker-controlled email links\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-22m3-c7vp-49fj\", \"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 8.1, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"REQUIRED\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"irrdnet\", \"product\": \"irrd\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 4.4.0, \u003c 4.4.5\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 4.5.0, \u003c 4.5.1\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/security/advisories/GHSA-22m3-c7vp-49fj\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/security/advisories/GHSA-22m3-c7vp-49fj\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/8408e0f1b9f47eb2f2e712d6153e32194df05fbb\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/8408e0f1b9f47eb2f2e712d6153e32194df05fbb\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/cf62df4a49d3891e80b2879d9b324d1af050000c\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/cf62df4a49d3891e80b2879d9b324d1af050000c\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.4.5\", \"name\": \"https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.4.5\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.5.1\", \"name\": \"https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.5.1\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Internet Routing Registry daemon version 4 is an IRR database server, processing IRR objects in the RPSL format. From version 4.4.0 to before version 4.4.5 and from version 4.5.0 to before version 4.5.1, an attacker can manipulate the HTTP Host header on a password reset or account creation request. The confirmation link in the resulting email can then point to an attacker-controlled domain. Opening the link in the email is sufficient to pass the token to the attacker, who can then use it on the real IRRD instance to take over the account. A compromised account can then be used to modify RPSL objects maintained by the account\u0027s mntners and perform other account actions. If the user had two-factor authentication configured, which is required for users with override access, an attacker is not able to log in, even after successfully resetting the password. This issue has been patched in versions 4.4.5 and 4.5.1.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-601\", \"description\": \"CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027)\"}]}, {\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-640\", \"description\": \"CWE-640: Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"shortName\": \"GitHub_M\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-03-06T04:35:59.899Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-28681\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-03-06T16:07:02.713Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-03-02T21:43:19.927Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-03-06T04:35:59.899Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"GitHub_M\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}

FKIE_CVE-2026-28681

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-03-06 05:16 - Updated: 2026-04-21 14:45

Severity ?

8.1 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Summary

References

URL	Tags
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/8408e0f1b9f47eb2f2e712d6153e32194df05fbb	Patch
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/cf62df4a49d3891e80b2879d9b324d1af050000c	Patch
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/security/advisories/GHSA-22m3-c7vp-49fj	Mitigation, Vendor Advisory
security-advisories@github.com	https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.4.5	Release Notes
security-advisories@github.com	https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.5.1	Release Notes

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	internet_routing_registry_daemon_project	internet_routing_registry_daemon	*
	internet_routing_registry_daemon_project	internet_routing_registry_daemon	*

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:internet_routing_registry_daemon_project:internet_routing_registry_daemon:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "574BCDBF-F12E-409C-B62A-5EB3A0451BD1",
              "versionEndExcluding": "4.4.5",
              "versionStartIncluding": "4.4.0",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:internet_routing_registry_daemon_project:internet_routing_registry_daemon:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "D3CAA62B-54C2-4D17-84A3-33366F007E0E",
              "versionEndExcluding": "4.5.1",
              "versionStartIncluding": "4.5.0",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Internet Routing Registry daemon version 4 is an IRR database server, processing IRR objects in the RPSL format. From version 4.4.0 to before version 4.4.5 and from version 4.5.0 to before version 4.5.1, an attacker can manipulate the HTTP Host header on a password reset or account creation request. The confirmation link in the resulting email can then point to an attacker-controlled domain. Opening the link in the email is sufficient to pass the token to the attacker, who can then use it on the real IRRD instance to take over the account. A compromised account can then be used to modify RPSL objects maintained by the account\u0027s mntners and perform other account actions. If the user had two-factor authentication configured, which is required for users with override access, an attacker is not able to log in, even after successfully resetting the password. This issue has been patched in versions 4.4.5 and 4.5.1."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Demonio de Internet Routing Registry versi\u00f3n 4 es un servidor de base de datos IRR, que procesa objetos IRR en formato RPSL. Desde la versi\u00f3n 4.4.0 hasta antes de la versi\u00f3n 4.4.5 y desde la versi\u00f3n 4.5.0 hasta antes de la versi\u00f3n 4.5.1, un atacante puede manipular el encabezado HTTP Host en una solicitud de restablecimiento de contrase\u00f1a o creaci\u00f3n de cuenta. El enlace de confirmaci\u00f3n en el correo electr\u00f3nico resultante puede entonces apuntar a un dominio controlado por el atacante. Abrir el enlace en el correo electr\u00f3nico es suficiente para pasar el token al atacante, quien puede entonces usarlo en la instancia real de IRRD para tomar control de la cuenta. Una cuenta comprometida puede entonces ser utilizada para modificar objetos RPSL mantenidos por los mntners de la cuenta y realizar otras acciones de la cuenta. Si el usuario ten\u00eda la autenticaci\u00f3n de dos factores configurada, lo cual es requerido para usuarios con acceso de anulaci\u00f3n, un atacante no puede iniciar sesi\u00f3n, incluso despu\u00e9s de restablecer la contrase\u00f1a con \u00e9xito. Este problema ha sido parcheado en las versiones 4.4.5 y 4.5.1."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-28681",
  "lastModified": "2026-04-21T14:45:02.460",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 8.1,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
        "impactScore": 5.2,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-03-06T05:16:37.710",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/8408e0f1b9f47eb2f2e712d6153e32194df05fbb"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/cf62df4a49d3891e80b2879d9b324d1af050000c"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Mitigation",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/security/advisories/GHSA-22m3-c7vp-49fj"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Release Notes"
      ],
      "url": "https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.4.5"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Release Notes"
      ],
      "url": "https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.5.1"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-601"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-640"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-22M3-C7VP-49FJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-04 20:33 – Updated: 2026-03-06 15:16

Summary

IRRd: web UI host header injection allows password reset poisoning via attacker-controlled email links

Details

Impact

An attacker can manipulate the HTTP Host header on a password reset or account creation request. The confirmation link in the resulting email can then point to an attacker-controlled domain. Opening the link in the email is sufficient to pass the token to the attacker, who can then use it on the real IRRD instance to take over the account. A compromised account can then be used to modify RPSL objects maintained by the account's mntners and perform other account actions.

If the user had two-factor authentication configured, which is required for users with override access, an attacker is not able to log in, even after successfully resetting the password.

This issue affects IRRD 4.5.0 and all 4.4.x versions prior to 4.4.5. IRRD 4.3 and earlier are not affected, as they did not include the web UI.

Cause

Email links in account creation, password reset, and mntner migration emails were generated from the HTTP request context, allowing an attacker to manipulate the HTTP Host header to redirect these links to an attacker-controlled domain (password reset poisoning).

Resolution

Requests with a Host header that does not match server.http.url are now rejected, preventing Host header injection attacks against the web UI.

All existing password reset tokens are invalidated by this upgrade, rendering any tokens that may have been captured by an attacker unusable.

Patched versions: 4.4.5 and 4.5.1.

Workarounds

Configuring a reverse proxy (such as nginx) to reject requests where the Host header does not match the expected hostname is an effective workaround. Enabling two-factor authentication is strongly recommended for all users, as it prevents account takeover even if a password reset token is compromised.

Detecting exploitation

Because the victim never interacts with the real IRRD instance in this attack, it is difficult to detect exploitation from logs alone.

Indicators that an account was targeted or compromised:

A password reset email requested followed by password (re)set successfully where the delay is longer than expected. Legitimate users actively waiting for a reset email tend to complete it quickly; victims who receive an unexpected email are less likely to click it immediately, resulting in a longer delay.
Users receiving a password reset mail without requesting one.
If a successfully attacked user later attempts to log in with their original password, this appears in the logs as user failed login due to invalid account or password.

After upgrading to a patched release, all existing password reset tokens are invalidated. Users who can still log in with their password after the upgrade can be certain their account has not been taken over.

Severity ?

8.1 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "irrd"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.4.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.4.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "irrd"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.5.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.5.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-28681"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-601",
      "CWE-640"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-04T20:33:21Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-06T05:16:37Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Impact\n\nAn attacker can manipulate the HTTP `Host` header on a password reset or account creation request. The confirmation link in the resulting email can then point to an attacker-controlled domain. Opening the link in the email is sufficient to pass the token to the attacker, who can then use it on the real IRRD instance to take over the account. A compromised account can then be used to modify RPSL objects maintained by the account\u0027s mntners and perform other account actions.\n\nIf the user had two-factor authentication configured, which is required for users with override access, an attacker is not able to log in, even after successfully resetting the password.\n\nThis issue affects IRRD 4.5.0 and all 4.4.x versions prior to 4.4.5. IRRD 4.3 and earlier are not affected, as they did not include the web UI.\n\n## Cause\n\nEmail links in account creation, password reset, and mntner migration emails were generated from the HTTP request context, allowing an attacker to manipulate the HTTP `Host` header to redirect these links to an attacker-controlled domain (password reset poisoning).\n\n## Resolution\n\nRequests with a `Host` header that does not match `server.http.url` are now rejected, preventing Host header injection attacks against the web UI.\n\nAll existing password reset tokens are invalidated by this upgrade, rendering any tokens that may have been captured by an attacker unusable.\n\nPatched versions: 4.4.5 and 4.5.1.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nConfiguring a reverse proxy (such as nginx) to reject requests where the `Host` header does not match the expected hostname is an effective workaround. Enabling two-factor authentication is strongly recommended for all users, as it prevents account takeover even if a password reset token is compromised.\n\n## Detecting exploitation\n\nBecause the victim never interacts with the real IRRD instance in this attack, it is difficult to detect exploitation from logs alone.\n\nIndicators that an account was targeted or compromised:\n\n- A `password reset email requested` followed by `password (re)set successfully` where the delay is longer than expected. Legitimate users actively waiting for a reset email tend to complete it quickly; victims who receive an unexpected email are less likely to click it immediately, resulting in a longer delay.\n- Users receiving a password reset mail without requesting one.\n- If a successfully attacked user later attempts to log in with their original password, this appears in the logs as `user failed login due to invalid account or password`.\n\nAfter upgrading to a patched release, all existing password reset tokens are invalidated. Users who can still log in with their password after the upgrade can be certain their account has not been taken over.",
  "id": "GHSA-22m3-c7vp-49fj",
  "modified": "2026-03-06T15:16:30Z",
  "published": "2026-03-04T20:33:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/security/advisories/GHSA-22m3-c7vp-49fj"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28681"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/8408e0f1b9f47eb2f2e712d6153e32194df05fbb"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/cf62df4a49d3891e80b2879d9b324d1af050000c"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.4.5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.5.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "IRRd: web UI host header injection allows password reset poisoning via attacker-controlled email links"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-28681 (GCVE-0-2026-28681)

FKIE_CVE-2026-28681

GHSA-22M3-C7VP-49FJ

Impact

Cause

Resolution

Workarounds

Detecting exploitation

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature