CVE-2025-68801 (GCVE-0-2025-68801)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-13 15:29 – Updated: 2026-01-13 15:29
VLAI?
Title
mlxsw: spectrum_router: Fix neighbour use-after-free
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mlxsw: spectrum_router: Fix neighbour use-after-free We sometimes observe use-after-free when dereferencing a neighbour [1]. The problem seems to be that the driver stores a pointer to the neighbour, but without holding a reference on it. A reference is only taken when the neighbour is used by a nexthop. Fix by simplifying the reference counting scheme. Always take a reference when storing a neighbour pointer in a neighbour entry. Avoid taking a referencing when the neighbour is used by a nexthop as the neighbour entry associated with the nexthop already holds a reference. Tested by running the test that uncovered the problem over 300 times. Without this patch the problem was reproduced after a handful of iterations. [1] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in mlxsw_sp_neigh_entry_update+0x2d4/0x310 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88817f8e3420 by task ip/3929 CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 3929 Comm: ip Not tainted 6.18.0-rc4-virtme-g36b21a067510 #3 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Nvidia SN5600/VMOD0013, BIOS 5.13 05/31/2023 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x6f/0xa0 print_address_description.constprop.0+0x6e/0x300 print_report+0xfc/0x1fb kasan_report+0xe4/0x110 mlxsw_sp_neigh_entry_update+0x2d4/0x310 mlxsw_sp_router_rif_gone_sync+0x35f/0x510 mlxsw_sp_rif_destroy+0x1ea/0x730 mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_port_vlan_event+0xa1/0x1b0 __mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_lag_event+0xcc/0x130 __mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_event+0xf5/0x3c0 mlxsw_sp_router_netdevice_event+0x1015/0x1580 notifier_call_chain+0xcc/0x150 call_netdevice_notifiers_info+0x7e/0x100 __netdev_upper_dev_unlink+0x10b/0x210 netdev_upper_dev_unlink+0x79/0xa0 vrf_del_slave+0x18/0x50 do_set_master+0x146/0x7d0 do_setlink.isra.0+0x9a0/0x2880 rtnl_newlink+0x637/0xb20 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x6fe/0xb90 netlink_rcv_skb+0x123/0x380 netlink_unicast+0x4a3/0x770 netlink_sendmsg+0x75b/0xc90 __sock_sendmsg+0xbe/0x160 ____sys_sendmsg+0x5b2/0x7d0 ___sys_sendmsg+0xfd/0x180 __sys_sendmsg+0x124/0x1c0 do_syscall_64+0xbb/0xfd0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 [...] Allocated by task 109: kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 __kasan_kmalloc+0x7b/0x90 __kmalloc_noprof+0x2c1/0x790 neigh_alloc+0x6af/0x8f0 ___neigh_create+0x63/0xe90 mlxsw_sp_nexthop_neigh_init+0x430/0x7e0 mlxsw_sp_nexthop_type_init+0x212/0x960 mlxsw_sp_nexthop6_group_info_init.constprop.0+0x81f/0x1280 mlxsw_sp_nexthop6_group_get+0x392/0x6a0 mlxsw_sp_fib6_entry_create+0x46a/0xfd0 mlxsw_sp_router_fib6_replace+0x1ed/0x5f0 mlxsw_sp_router_fib6_event_work+0x10a/0x2a0 process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390 worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40 kthread+0x355/0x5b0 ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270 ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20 Freed by task 154: kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 __kasan_save_free_info+0x3b/0x60 __kasan_slab_free+0x43/0x70 kmem_cache_free_bulk.part.0+0x1eb/0x5e0 kvfree_rcu_bulk+0x1f2/0x260 kfree_rcu_work+0x130/0x1b0 process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390 worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40 kthread+0x355/0x5b0 ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270 ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20 Last potentially related work creation: kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50 kasan_record_aux_stack+0x8c/0xa0 kvfree_call_rcu+0x93/0x5b0 mlxsw_sp_router_neigh_event_work+0x67d/0x860 process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390 worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40 kthread+0x355/0x5b0 ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270 ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20
Severity ?
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de , < c437fbfd4382412598cdda1f8e2881b523668cc2 (git)
Affected: 6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de , < 4a3c569005f42ab5e5b2ad637132a33bf102cc08 (git)
Affected: 6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de , < ed8141b206bdcfd5d0b92c90832eeb77b7a60a0a (git)
Affected: 6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de , < 675c5aeadf6472672c472dc0f26401e4fcfbf254 (git)
Affected: 6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de , < 8b0e69763ef948fb872a7767df4be665d18f5fd4 (git)
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    Linux Linux Affected: 4.8
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.8 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.160 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.120 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.64 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.3 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.19-rc2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlxsw/spectrum_router.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "c437fbfd4382412598cdda1f8e2881b523668cc2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4a3c569005f42ab5e5b2ad637132a33bf102cc08",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "ed8141b206bdcfd5d0b92c90832eeb77b7a60a0a",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "675c5aeadf6472672c472dc0f26401e4fcfbf254",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "8b0e69763ef948fb872a7767df4be665d18f5fd4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlxsw/spectrum_router.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.8"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.8",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.160",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.120",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.64",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.3",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.19-rc2",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.160",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.120",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.64",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.3",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.19-rc2",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmlxsw: spectrum_router: Fix neighbour use-after-free\n\nWe sometimes observe use-after-free when dereferencing a neighbour [1].\nThe problem seems to be that the driver stores a pointer to the\nneighbour, but without holding a reference on it. A reference is only\ntaken when the neighbour is used by a nexthop.\n\nFix by simplifying the reference counting scheme. Always take a\nreference when storing a neighbour pointer in a neighbour entry. Avoid\ntaking a referencing when the neighbour is used by a nexthop as the\nneighbour entry associated with the nexthop already holds a reference.\n\nTested by running the test that uncovered the problem over 300 times.\nWithout this patch the problem was reproduced after a handful of\niterations.\n\n[1]\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in mlxsw_sp_neigh_entry_update+0x2d4/0x310\nRead of size 8 at addr ffff88817f8e3420 by task ip/3929\n\nCPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 3929 Comm: ip Not tainted 6.18.0-rc4-virtme-g36b21a067510 #3 PREEMPT(full)\nHardware name: Nvidia SN5600/VMOD0013, BIOS 5.13 05/31/2023\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n dump_stack_lvl+0x6f/0xa0\n print_address_description.constprop.0+0x6e/0x300\n print_report+0xfc/0x1fb\n kasan_report+0xe4/0x110\n mlxsw_sp_neigh_entry_update+0x2d4/0x310\n mlxsw_sp_router_rif_gone_sync+0x35f/0x510\n mlxsw_sp_rif_destroy+0x1ea/0x730\n mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_port_vlan_event+0xa1/0x1b0\n __mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_lag_event+0xcc/0x130\n __mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_event+0xf5/0x3c0\n mlxsw_sp_router_netdevice_event+0x1015/0x1580\n notifier_call_chain+0xcc/0x150\n call_netdevice_notifiers_info+0x7e/0x100\n __netdev_upper_dev_unlink+0x10b/0x210\n netdev_upper_dev_unlink+0x79/0xa0\n vrf_del_slave+0x18/0x50\n do_set_master+0x146/0x7d0\n do_setlink.isra.0+0x9a0/0x2880\n rtnl_newlink+0x637/0xb20\n rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x6fe/0xb90\n netlink_rcv_skb+0x123/0x380\n netlink_unicast+0x4a3/0x770\n netlink_sendmsg+0x75b/0xc90\n __sock_sendmsg+0xbe/0x160\n ____sys_sendmsg+0x5b2/0x7d0\n ___sys_sendmsg+0xfd/0x180\n __sys_sendmsg+0x124/0x1c0\n do_syscall_64+0xbb/0xfd0\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53\n[...]\n\nAllocated by task 109:\n kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50\n kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30\n __kasan_kmalloc+0x7b/0x90\n __kmalloc_noprof+0x2c1/0x790\n neigh_alloc+0x6af/0x8f0\n ___neigh_create+0x63/0xe90\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop_neigh_init+0x430/0x7e0\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop_type_init+0x212/0x960\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop6_group_info_init.constprop.0+0x81f/0x1280\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop6_group_get+0x392/0x6a0\n mlxsw_sp_fib6_entry_create+0x46a/0xfd0\n mlxsw_sp_router_fib6_replace+0x1ed/0x5f0\n mlxsw_sp_router_fib6_event_work+0x10a/0x2a0\n process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390\n worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40\n kthread+0x355/0x5b0\n ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20\n\nFreed by task 154:\n kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50\n kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30\n __kasan_save_free_info+0x3b/0x60\n __kasan_slab_free+0x43/0x70\n kmem_cache_free_bulk.part.0+0x1eb/0x5e0\n kvfree_rcu_bulk+0x1f2/0x260\n kfree_rcu_work+0x130/0x1b0\n process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390\n worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40\n kthread+0x355/0x5b0\n ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20\n\nLast potentially related work creation:\n kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50\n kasan_record_aux_stack+0x8c/0xa0\n kvfree_call_rcu+0x93/0x5b0\n mlxsw_sp_router_neigh_event_work+0x67d/0x860\n process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390\n worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40\n kthread+0x355/0x5b0\n ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20"
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-01-13T15:29:10.349Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c437fbfd4382412598cdda1f8e2881b523668cc2"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4a3c569005f42ab5e5b2ad637132a33bf102cc08"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed8141b206bdcfd5d0b92c90832eeb77b7a60a0a"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/675c5aeadf6472672c472dc0f26401e4fcfbf254"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8b0e69763ef948fb872a7767df4be665d18f5fd4"
        }
      ],
      "title": "mlxsw: spectrum_router: Fix neighbour use-after-free",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-68801",
    "datePublished": "2026-01-13T15:29:10.349Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-24T10:30:51.045Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-01-13T15:29:10.349Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-68801\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-01-13T16:16:02.137\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-01-13T16:16:02.137\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Received\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nmlxsw: spectrum_router: Fix neighbour use-after-free\\n\\nWe sometimes observe use-after-free when dereferencing a neighbour [1].\\nThe problem seems to be that the driver stores a pointer to the\\nneighbour, but without holding a reference on it. A reference is only\\ntaken when the neighbour is used by a nexthop.\\n\\nFix by simplifying the reference counting scheme. Always take a\\nreference when storing a neighbour pointer in a neighbour entry. Avoid\\ntaking a referencing when the neighbour is used by a nexthop as the\\nneighbour entry associated with the nexthop already holds a reference.\\n\\nTested by running the test that uncovered the problem over 300 times.\\nWithout this patch the problem was reproduced after a handful of\\niterations.\\n\\n[1]\\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in mlxsw_sp_neigh_entry_update+0x2d4/0x310\\nRead of size 8 at addr ffff88817f8e3420 by task ip/3929\\n\\nCPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 3929 Comm: ip Not tainted 6.18.0-rc4-virtme-g36b21a067510 #3 PREEMPT(full)\\nHardware name: Nvidia SN5600/VMOD0013, BIOS 5.13 05/31/2023\\nCall Trace:\\n \u003cTASK\u003e\\n dump_stack_lvl+0x6f/0xa0\\n print_address_description.constprop.0+0x6e/0x300\\n print_report+0xfc/0x1fb\\n kasan_report+0xe4/0x110\\n mlxsw_sp_neigh_entry_update+0x2d4/0x310\\n mlxsw_sp_router_rif_gone_sync+0x35f/0x510\\n mlxsw_sp_rif_destroy+0x1ea/0x730\\n mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_port_vlan_event+0xa1/0x1b0\\n __mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_lag_event+0xcc/0x130\\n __mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_event+0xf5/0x3c0\\n mlxsw_sp_router_netdevice_event+0x1015/0x1580\\n notifier_call_chain+0xcc/0x150\\n call_netdevice_notifiers_info+0x7e/0x100\\n __netdev_upper_dev_unlink+0x10b/0x210\\n netdev_upper_dev_unlink+0x79/0xa0\\n vrf_del_slave+0x18/0x50\\n do_set_master+0x146/0x7d0\\n do_setlink.isra.0+0x9a0/0x2880\\n rtnl_newlink+0x637/0xb20\\n rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x6fe/0xb90\\n netlink_rcv_skb+0x123/0x380\\n netlink_unicast+0x4a3/0x770\\n netlink_sendmsg+0x75b/0xc90\\n __sock_sendmsg+0xbe/0x160\\n ____sys_sendmsg+0x5b2/0x7d0\\n ___sys_sendmsg+0xfd/0x180\\n __sys_sendmsg+0x124/0x1c0\\n do_syscall_64+0xbb/0xfd0\\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53\\n[...]\\n\\nAllocated by task 109:\\n kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50\\n kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30\\n __kasan_kmalloc+0x7b/0x90\\n __kmalloc_noprof+0x2c1/0x790\\n neigh_alloc+0x6af/0x8f0\\n ___neigh_create+0x63/0xe90\\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop_neigh_init+0x430/0x7e0\\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop_type_init+0x212/0x960\\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop6_group_info_init.constprop.0+0x81f/0x1280\\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop6_group_get+0x392/0x6a0\\n mlxsw_sp_fib6_entry_create+0x46a/0xfd0\\n mlxsw_sp_router_fib6_replace+0x1ed/0x5f0\\n mlxsw_sp_router_fib6_event_work+0x10a/0x2a0\\n process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390\\n worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40\\n kthread+0x355/0x5b0\\n ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270\\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20\\n\\nFreed by task 154:\\n kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50\\n kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30\\n __kasan_save_free_info+0x3b/0x60\\n __kasan_slab_free+0x43/0x70\\n kmem_cache_free_bulk.part.0+0x1eb/0x5e0\\n kvfree_rcu_bulk+0x1f2/0x260\\n kfree_rcu_work+0x130/0x1b0\\n process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390\\n worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40\\n kthread+0x355/0x5b0\\n ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270\\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20\\n\\nLast potentially related work creation:\\n kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50\\n kasan_record_aux_stack+0x8c/0xa0\\n kvfree_call_rcu+0x93/0x5b0\\n mlxsw_sp_router_neigh_event_work+0x67d/0x860\\n process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390\\n worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40\\n kthread+0x355/0x5b0\\n ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270\\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20\"}],\"metrics\":{},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4a3c569005f42ab5e5b2ad637132a33bf102cc08\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/675c5aeadf6472672c472dc0f26401e4fcfbf254\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8b0e69763ef948fb872a7767df4be665d18f5fd4\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c437fbfd4382412598cdda1f8e2881b523668cc2\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed8141b206bdcfd5d0b92c90832eeb77b7a60a0a\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}"
  }
}


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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


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Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

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