CVE-2026-41992 (GCVE-0-2026-41992)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-29 10:15 – Updated: 2026-08-27 11:39 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Global Buffer Overflow in GNU gzip
Summary
GNU gzip contains a global buffer overflow vulnerability in the LZH decompression logic caused by improper reuse of shared global state between different decompression formats within a single execution. GNU gzip maintains a global array that is shared across the LZ77, LZW, and LZH decompression routines and is not reinitialized between files processed in the same invocation. By decompressing a specially crafted LZW file followed by a specially crafted LZH file in a single gzip -d command, an attacker can poison the shared global state and subsequently trigger an out‑of‑bounds read in the LZH decoder. The LZH decompression logic follows stale values left in the shared array, causing reads past the end of the allocated global buffer. This issue has been fixed in commits 63dbf6b3b9e6e781df1a6a64e609b10e23969681 and e7378c2d421be6a286922374425680bbe9ad8b7d.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-29 13:30 UTC
CWE
Assigner
CERT-PL CNA under the ENISA root
CNA scorecard B 81/100 over 256 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
GNU gzip Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.14 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:gnu:gzip:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Michał Majchrowicz (AFINE) Marcin Wyczechowski (AFINE) Elias Hasas (@zer0d4y5)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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                  "value": "GNU gzip contains a global buffer overflow vulnerability in the LZH decompression logic caused by improper reuse of shared global state between different decompression formats within a single execution. GNU gzip maintains a global array that is shared across the LZ77, LZW, and LZH decompression routines and is not reinitialized between files processed in the same invocation.\u003cbr\u003eBy decompressing a specially crafted LZW file followed by a specially crafted LZH file in a single gzip -d command, an attacker can poison the shared global state and subsequently trigger an out\u2011of\u2011bounds read in the LZH decoder. The LZH decompression logic follows stale values left in the shared array, causing reads past the end of the allocated global buffer.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis issue has been fixed in commits 63dbf6b3b9e6e781df1a6a64e609b10e23969681 and\u003cspan\u003e\u0026nbsp;e7378c2d421be6a286922374425680bbe9ad8b7d.\u003c/span\u003e"
                }
              ],
              "value": "GNU gzip contains a global buffer overflow vulnerability in the LZH decompression logic caused by improper reuse of shared global state between different decompression formats within a single execution. GNU gzip maintains a global array that is shared across the LZ77, LZW, and LZH decompression routines and is not reinitialized between files processed in the same invocation.\nBy decompressing a specially crafted LZW file followed by a specially crafted LZH file in a single gzip -d command, an attacker can poison the shared global state and subsequently trigger an out\u2011of\u2011bounds read in the LZH decoder. The LZH decompression logic follows stale values left in the shared array, causing reads past the end of the allocated global buffer.\n\nThis issue has been fixed in commits 63dbf6b3b9e6e781df1a6a64e609b10e23969681 and\u00a0e7378c2d421be6a286922374425680bbe9ad8b7d."
            }
          ],
          "impacts": [
            {
              "capecId": "CAPEC-540",
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV4_0": {
                "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "baseScore": 6.9,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
              },
              "format": "CVSS",
              "scenarios": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "GENERAL"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-126",
                  "description": "CWE-126: Buffer Over-read",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-08-27T11:39:40.630Z",
            "orgId": "4bb8329e-dd38-46c1-aafb-9bf32bcb93c6",
            "shortName": "CERT-PL"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "tags": [
                "third-party-advisory"
              ],
              "url": "https://cert.pl/en/posts/2026/04/CVE-2026-41991/"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "product"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.gnu.org/software/gzip/"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://cgit.git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/gzip.git/commit/?id=63dbf6b3b9e6e781df1a6a64e609b10e23969681"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://cgit.git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/gzip.git/commit/?id=e7378c2d421be6a286922374425680bbe9ad8b7d"
            }
          ],
          "source": {
            "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
          },
          "tags": [
            "x_open-source"
          ],
          "title": "Global Buffer Overflow in GNU gzip",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "4bb8329e-dd38-46c1-aafb-9bf32bcb93c6",
        "assignerShortName": "CERT-PL",
        "cveId": "CVE-2026-41992",
        "datePublished": "2026-06-29T10:15:57.278Z",
        "dateReserved": "2026-04-23T08:06:09.511Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-27T11:39:40.630Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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