CVE-2025-4644 (GCVE-0-2025-4644)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-29 10:01 – Updated: 2025-08-29 11:53 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
User Session Fixation after Account Removal in PayloadCMS
Summary
A Session Fixation vulnerability existed in Payload's SQLite adapter due to identifier reuse during account creation. A malicious attacker could create a new account, save its JSON Web Token (JWT), and then delete the account, which did not invalidate the JWT. As a result, the next newly created user would receive the same identifier, allowing the attacker to reuse the JWT to authenticate and perform actions as that user. This issue has been fixed in version 3.44.0 of Payload.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-08-29 11:53 UTC
CWE
Assigner
CERT-PL CNA under the ENISA root
CNA scorecard B 81/100 over 256 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Payload CMS Payload Affected: 0 , < 3.44.0 (semver)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-08-29 10:00
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-4644",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-08-29T11:53:19.070887Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-08-29T11:53:31.892Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Payload",
          "vendor": "Payload CMS",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "3.44.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Arkadiusz Marta"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2025-08-29T10:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "A Session Fixation vulnerability existed in Payload\u0027s SQLite adapter due to identifier reuse during account creation. A malicious attacker could create a new account, save its JSON Web Token (JWT), and then delete the account, which did not invalidate the JWT. As a result, the next newly created user would receive the same identifier, allowing the attacker to reuse the JWT to authenticate and perform actions as that user.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis issue has been fixed in version 3.44.0 of Payload.\u003cbr\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "A Session Fixation vulnerability existed in Payload\u0027s SQLite adapter due to identifier reuse during account creation. A malicious attacker could create a new account, save its JSON Web Token (JWT), and then delete the account, which did not invalidate the JWT. As a result, the next newly created user would receive the same identifier, allowing the attacker to reuse the JWT to authenticate and perform actions as that user.\n\nThis issue has been fixed in version 3.44.0 of Payload."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-61",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-61 Session Fixation"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-384",
              "description": "CWE-384 Session Fixation",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-08-29T10:01:13.697Z",
        "orgId": "4bb8329e-dd38-46c1-aafb-9bf32bcb93c6",
        "shortName": "CERT-PL"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://cert.pl/en/posts/2025/08/CVE-2025-4643"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "product"
          ],
          "url": "https://payloadcms.com"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "product"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/payloadcms/payload"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "tags": [
        "x_open-source"
      ],
      "title": "User Session Fixation after Account Removal in PayloadCMS",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "4bb8329e-dd38-46c1-aafb-9bf32bcb93c6",
    "assignerShortName": "CERT-PL",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-4644",
    "datePublished": "2025-08-29T10:01:13.697Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-05-13T07:10:08.331Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-08-29T11:53:31.892Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-4644",
      "date": "2026-11-01",
      "epss": "0.00426",
      "percentile": "0.36933"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "product": "Payload",
                "vendor": "Payload CMS",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "lessThan": "3.44.0",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "0",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "cvd@cert.pl"
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "A Session Fixation vulnerability existed in Payload\u0027s SQLite adapter due to identifier reuse during account creation. A malicious attacker could create a new account, save its JSON Web Token (JWT), and then delete the account, which did not invalidate the JWT. As a result, the next newly created user would receive the same identifier, allowing the attacker to reuse the JWT to authenticate and perform actions as that user.\n\nThis issue has been fixed in version 3.44.0 of Payload."
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "Exist\u00eda una vulnerabilidad de fijaci\u00f3n de sesi\u00f3n en el adaptador SQLite de Payload debido a la reutilizaci\u00f3n de identificadores durante la creaci\u00f3n de cuentas. Un atacante malicioso pod\u00eda crear una nueva cuenta, guardar su JSON Web Token (JWT) y luego eliminar la cuenta, lo cual no invalidaba el JWT. Como resultado, el siguiente usuario reci\u00e9n creado recibir\u00eda el mismo identificador, permitiendo al atacante reutilizar el JWT para autenticarse y realizar acciones como ese usuario.\n\nEste problema ha sido solucionado en la versi\u00f3n 3.44.0 de Payload."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2025-4644",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-19T17:10:00.173",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV40": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "baseScore": 5.3,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
                "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
              },
              "source": "cvd@cert.pl",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ],
          "ssvcV203": [
            {
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "ssvcData": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-4644",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-08-29T11:53:19.070887Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2025-08-29T10:15:32.440",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "cvd@cert.pl",
            "url": "https://cert.pl/en/posts/2025/08/CVE-2025-4643"
          },
          {
            "source": "cvd@cert.pl",
            "url": "https://github.com/payloadcms/payload"
          },
          {
            "source": "cvd@cert.pl",
            "url": "https://payloadcms.com"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "cvd@cert.pl",
        "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-384"
              }
            ],
            "source": "cvd@cert.pl",
            "type": "Secondary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2025-08-31T10:34:24+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-4644",
      "id": "CVE-2025-4644",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-08-29T10:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "User Session Fixation after Account Removal in PayloadCMS",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-4644.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2025-4644",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "no"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2025-08-29T11:53:19.070887Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2025-08-29T11:53:27.301Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "product": "Payload",
              "vendor": "Payload CMS",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThan": "3.44.0",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "0",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "credits": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "finder",
              "value": "Arkadiusz Marta"
            }
          ],
          "datePublic": "2025-08-29T10:00:00.000Z",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "supportingMedia": [
                {
                  "base64": false,
                  "type": "text/html",
                  "value": "A Session Fixation vulnerability existed in Payload\u0027s SQLite adapter due to identifier reuse during account creation. A malicious attacker could create a new account, save its JSON Web Token (JWT), and then delete the account, which did not invalidate the JWT. As a result, the next newly created user would receive the same identifier, allowing the attacker to reuse the JWT to authenticate and perform actions as that user.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis issue has been fixed in version 3.44.0 of Payload.\u003cbr\u003e"
                }
              ],
              "value": "A Session Fixation vulnerability existed in Payload\u0027s SQLite adapter due to identifier reuse during account creation. A malicious attacker could create a new account, save its JSON Web Token (JWT), and then delete the account, which did not invalidate the JWT. As a result, the next newly created user would receive the same identifier, allowing the attacker to reuse the JWT to authenticate and perform actions as that user.\n\nThis issue has been fixed in version 3.44.0 of Payload."
            }
          ],
          "impacts": [
            {
              "capecId": "CAPEC-61",
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "CAPEC-61 Session Fixation"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV4_0": {
                "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "baseScore": 5.3,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
                "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
              },
              "format": "CVSS",
              "scenarios": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "GENERAL"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-384",
                  "description": "CWE-384 Session Fixation",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2025-08-29T10:01:13.697Z",
            "orgId": "4bb8329e-dd38-46c1-aafb-9bf32bcb93c6",
            "shortName": "CERT-PL"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "tags": [
                "third-party-advisory"
              ],
              "url": "https://cert.pl/en/posts/2025/08/CVE-2025-4643"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "product"
              ],
              "url": "https://payloadcms.com"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "product"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/payloadcms/payload"
            }
          ],
          "source": {
            "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
          },
          "tags": [
            "x_open-source"
          ],
          "title": "User Session Fixation after Account Removal in PayloadCMS",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "4bb8329e-dd38-46c1-aafb-9bf32bcb93c6",
        "assignerShortName": "CERT-PL",
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-4644",
        "datePublished": "2025-08-29T10:01:13.697Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-05-13T07:10:08.331Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2025-08-29T11:53:31.892Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.


Loading…

Loading…

Loading…

Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON
Events included in the timeline

Loading timeline…


    Loading…

    Loading…

    Loading…

    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.