CVE-2025-20314 (GCVE-0-2025-20314)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-24 17:53 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:47
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability in Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker with level-15 privileges or an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to an affected device to execute persistent code at boot time and break the chain of trust. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of software packages. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by placing a crafted file into a specific location on an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute persistent code on the underlying operating system. Because this vulnerability allows an attacker to bypass a major security feature of a device, Cisco has raised the Security Impact Rating (SIR) of this advisory from Medium to High.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-09-25 03:56 UTC
CWE
- CWE-232 - Improper Handling of Undefined Values
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco IOS XE Software |
Affected:
17.3.1
Affected: 17.3.2 Affected: 17.3.3 Affected: 17.3.1a Affected: 17.3.1w Affected: 17.3.2a Affected: 17.3.1x Affected: 17.3.1z Affected: 17.3.4 Affected: 17.3.5 Affected: 17.3.4a Affected: 17.3.6 Affected: 17.3.4b Affected: 17.3.4c Affected: 17.3.5a Affected: 17.3.5b Affected: 17.3.7 Affected: 17.3.8 Affected: 17.3.8a Affected: 17.4.1 Affected: 17.4.2 Affected: 17.4.1a Affected: 17.4.1b Affected: 17.4.2a Affected: 17.5.1 Affected: 17.5.1a Affected: 17.6.1 Affected: 17.6.2 Affected: 17.6.1w Affected: 17.6.1a Affected: 17.6.1x Affected: 17.6.3 Affected: 17.6.1y Affected: 17.6.1z Affected: 17.6.3a Affected: 17.6.4 Affected: 17.6.1z1 Affected: 17.6.5 Affected: 17.6.6 Affected: 17.6.6a Affected: 17.6.5a Affected: 17.6.7 Affected: 17.6.8 Affected: 17.6.8a Affected: 17.7.1 Affected: 17.7.1a Affected: 17.7.1b Affected: 17.7.2 Affected: 17.10.1 Affected: 17.10.1a Affected: 17.10.1b Affected: 17.8.1 Affected: 17.8.1a Affected: 17.9.1 Affected: 17.9.1w Affected: 17.9.2 Affected: 17.9.1a Affected: 17.9.1x Affected: 17.9.1y Affected: 17.9.3 Affected: 17.9.2a Affected: 17.9.1x1 Affected: 17.9.3a Affected: 17.9.4 Affected: 17.9.1y1 Affected: 17.9.5 Affected: 17.9.4a Affected: 17.9.5a Affected: 17.9.5b Affected: 17.9.6 Affected: 17.9.6a Affected: 17.9.7 Affected: 17.9.5e Affected: 17.9.5f Affected: 17.9.7a Affected: 17.9.7b Affected: 17.11.1 Affected: 17.11.1a Affected: 17.12.1 Affected: 17.12.1w Affected: 17.12.1a Affected: 17.12.1x Affected: 17.12.2 Affected: 17.12.3 Affected: 17.12.2a Affected: 17.12.1y Affected: 17.12.1z Affected: 17.12.4 Affected: 17.12.3a Affected: 17.12.1z1 Affected: 17.12.1z2 Affected: 17.12.4a Affected: 17.12.5 Affected: 17.12.4b Affected: 17.12.1z3 Affected: 17.12.5a Affected: 17.12.1z4 Affected: 17.12.5b Affected: 17.12.5c Affected: 17.13.1 Affected: 17.13.1a Affected: 17.14.1 Affected: 17.14.1a Affected: 17.15.1 Affected: 17.15.1w Affected: 17.15.1a Affected: 17.15.2 Affected: 17.15.1b Affected: 17.15.1x Affected: 17.15.3 Affected: 17.15.2c Affected: 17.15.2a Affected: 17.15.1y Affected: 17.15.2b Affected: 17.15.3a Affected: 17.15.3b Affected: 17.16.1 Affected: 17.16.1a Affected: 17.17.1 |
guessed |
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"value": "A vulnerability in Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker with level-15 privileges or an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to an affected device to execute persistent code at boot time and break the chain of trust. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of software packages. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by placing a crafted file into a specific location on an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute persistent code on the underlying operating system. Because this vulnerability allows an attacker to bypass a major security feature of a device, Cisco has raised the Security Impact Rating (SIR) of this advisory from Medium to High."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "Una vulnerabilidad en el software Cisco IOS XE podr\u00eda permitir a un atacante autenticado y local con privilegios de nivel 15, o a un atacante no autenticado con acceso f\u00edsico a un dispositivo afectado, ejecutar c\u00f3digo persistente en el momento del arranque y romper la cadena de confianza. Esta vulnerabilidad se debe a una validaci\u00f3n incorrecta de los paquetes de software. Un atacante podr\u00eda explotar esta vulnerabilidad colocando un archivo manipulado en una ubicaci\u00f3n espec\u00edfica en un dispositivo afectado. Un exploit exitoso podr\u00eda permitir al atacante ejecutar c\u00f3digo persistente en el sistema operativo subyacente. Debido a que esta vulnerabilidad permite a un atacante eludir una caracter\u00edstica de seguridad importante de un dispositivo, Cisco ha elevado la Calificaci\u00f3n de Impacto de Seguridad (SIR) de este aviso de Medio a Alto."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2025-20314",
"lastModified": "2026-09-26T00:10:00.127",
"metrics": {
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{
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"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-09-25T03:56:04.129465Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
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},
"published": "2025-09-24T18:15:35.790",
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"url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-secboot-UqFD8AvC"
}
],
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}
],
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}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"current_release_date": "2026-03-27T08:54:05+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-20314",
"id": "CVE-2025-20314",
"initial_release_date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "CVE-2025-20314",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-20314.json",
"version": "3"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-20314",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
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},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-09-24T18:06:05.046576Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
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}
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],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-09-24T18:06:08.648Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "Cisco IOS XE Software",
"vendor": "Cisco",
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{
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{
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{
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{
"status": "affected",
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
"status": "affected",
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{
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},
{
"status": "affected",
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},
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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},
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},
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},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "17.15.3a"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "17.15.3b"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "17.16.1"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "17.16.1a"
},
{
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]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A vulnerability in Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker with level-15 privileges or an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to an affected device to execute persistent code at boot time and break the chain of trust. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of software packages. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by placing a crafted file into a specific location on an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute persistent code on the underlying operating system. Because this vulnerability allows an attacker to bypass a major security feature of a device, Cisco has raised the Security Impact Rating (SIR) of this advisory from Medium to High."
}
],
"exploits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "The Cisco Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) is not aware of any public announcements or malicious use of the vulnerabilities that are described in this advisory."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 6.7,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "cvssV3_1"
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-232",
"description": "Improper Handling of Undefined Values",
"lang": "en",
"type": "cwe"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-15T16:25:42.709Z",
"orgId": "d1c1063e-7a18-46af-9102-31f8928bc633",
"shortName": "cisco"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "cisco-sa-secboot-UqFD8AvC",
"url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-secboot-UqFD8AvC"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "cisco-sa-secboot-UqFD8AvC",
"defects": [
"CSCwo38924"
],
"discovery": "INTERNAL"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "d1c1063e-7a18-46af-9102-31f8928bc633",
"assignerShortName": "cisco",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-20314",
"datePublished": "2025-09-24T17:53:45.663Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-10-10T19:15:13.253Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-15T16:25:42.709Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
}
}
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Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.