CVE-2025-12635 (GCVE-0-2025-12635)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-08 21:58 – Updated: 2025-12-09 16:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty Cross-Site Scripting
Summary
IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5, 9.0 and IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 25.0.0.12 are affected by cross-site scripting due to improper validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using a specially crafted URL to redirect the user to a malicious site.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-09 15:24 UTC
CWE
- CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7254078 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | WebSphere Application Server |
Affected:
9.0 , ≤ 2.0.18
(semver)
Affected: 8.5 cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
||
| IBM | WebSphere Application Server Liberty |
Affected:
17.0.0.3 , ≤ 25.0.0.12
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:17.0.0.3:*:*:*:liberty:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:25.0.0.12:*:*:*:liberty:*:*:* |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-12635",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-09T15:24:21.240209Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-09T16:05:14.945Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"product": "WebSphere Application Server",
"vendor": "IBM",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "2.0.18",
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "8.5"
}
]
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:17.0.0.3:*:*:*:liberty:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:25.0.0.12:*:*:*:liberty:*:*:*"
],
"product": "WebSphere Application Server Liberty",
"vendor": "IBM",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "25.0.0.12",
"status": "affected",
"version": "17.0.0.3",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eIBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5, 9.0 and IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 25.0.0.12 are affected by cross-site scripting due to improper validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using a specially crafted URL to redirect the user to a malicious site.\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5, 9.0 and IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 25.0.0.12 are affected by cross-site scripting due to improper validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using a specially crafted URL to redirect the user to a malicious site."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 5.4,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-79",
"description": "CWE-79 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (\u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-08T21:58:13.798Z",
"orgId": "9a959283-ebb5-44b6-b705-dcc2bbced522",
"shortName": "ibm"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7254078"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eRemediation/Fixes IBM strongly recommends addressing the vulnerability now by applying a currently available interim fix or fix pack that contains the fix for APAR PH68817 and PH68243. To determine if a feature is enabled for WebSphere Application Server Liberty, refer to How to determine if Liberty is using a specific feature . For IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3 - 25.0.0.12 using the servlet-3.0, servlet-3.1, servlet-4.0, servlet-5.0, or servlet-6.0 feature: \u00b7 Upgrade to minimal fix pack levels as required by the interim fix and then apply the Interim Fix that resolves PH68817 --OR-- \u00b7 Apply Fix Pack 26.0.0.1 or later (targeted availability 1Q2026). For IBM WebSphere Application Server traditional: For V9.0.0.0 through 9.0.5.26: \u00b7 Upgrade to minimal fix pack levels as required by the interim fix and then apply the Interim Fix that resolves PH68243 --OR-- \u00b7 Apply Fix Pack 9.0.5.27 or later (targeted availability 1Q2026). For V8.5.0.0 through 8.5.5.28: \u00b7 Upgrade to minimal fix pack levels as required by interim fix and then apply Interim Fix that resolves PH68243 --OR-- \u00b7 Apply Fix Pack 8.5.5.29 or later (targeted availability 1Q2026). Additional interim fixes may be available and linked off the interim fix download page.\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Remediation/Fixes IBM strongly recommends addressing the vulnerability now by applying a currently available interim fix or fix pack that contains the fix for APAR PH68817 and PH68243. To determine if a feature is enabled for WebSphere Application Server Liberty, refer to How to determine if Liberty is using a specific feature . For IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3 - 25.0.0.12 using the servlet-3.0, servlet-3.1, servlet-4.0, servlet-5.0, or servlet-6.0 feature: \u00b7 Upgrade to minimal fix pack levels as required by the interim fix and then apply the Interim Fix that resolves PH68817 --OR-- \u00b7 Apply Fix Pack 26.0.0.1 or later (targeted availability 1Q2026). For IBM WebSphere Application Server traditional: For V9.0.0.0 through 9.0.5.26: \u00b7 Upgrade to minimal fix pack levels as required by the interim fix and then apply the Interim Fix that resolves PH68243 --OR-- \u00b7 Apply Fix Pack 9.0.5.27 or later (targeted availability 1Q2026). For V8.5.0.0 through 8.5.5.28: \u00b7 Upgrade to minimal fix pack levels as required by interim fix and then apply Interim Fix that resolves PH68243 --OR-- \u00b7 Apply Fix Pack 8.5.5.29 or later (targeted availability 1Q2026). Additional interim fixes may be available and linked off the interim fix download page."
}
],
"title": "IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty Cross-Site Scripting",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "ibm-cvegen"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "9a959283-ebb5-44b6-b705-dcc2bbced522",
"assignerShortName": "ibm",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-12635",
"datePublished": "2025-12-08T21:58:13.798Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-11-03T15:26:42.296Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-09T16:05:14.945Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2025-12635",
"date": "2026-10-28",
"epss": "0.00167",
"percentile": "0.05935"
},
"nvd": {
"cve": {
"affected": [
{
"affectedData": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"product": "WebSphere Application Server",
"vendor": "IBM",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "2.0.18",
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "8.5"
}
]
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:17.0.0.3:*:*:*:liberty:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:25.0.0.12:*:*:*:liberty:*:*:*"
],
"product": "WebSphere Application Server Liberty",
"vendor": "IBM",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "25.0.0.12",
"status": "affected",
"version": "17.0.0.3",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"source": "psirt@us.ibm.com"
}
],
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "F3FAEFC6-15B9-4787-B3F6-4EC29BBC546C",
"versionEndExcluding": "8.5.5.29",
"versionStartIncluding": "8.5",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "5016ACF6-369F-4554-9EFA-ACAE358BCC2A",
"versionEndExcluding": "9.0.5.27",
"versionStartIncluding": "9.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:*:*:*:*:liberty:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "7D2B4A85-1B09-41A9-8582-B6A8316583F9",
"versionEndExcluding": "26.0.0.1",
"versionStartIncluding": "17.0.0.3",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5, 9.0 and IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 25.0.0.12 are affected by cross-site scripting due to improper validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using a specially crafted URL to redirect the user to a malicious site."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "IBM WebSphere Servidor de aplicaciones 8.5, 9.0 y IBM WebSphere Servidor de aplicaciones Liberty 17.0.0.3 hasta 25.0.0.12 est\u00e1n afectados por cross-site scripting debido a una validaci\u00f3n incorrecta de la entrada proporcionada por el usuario. Un atacante podr\u00eda explotar esta vulnerabilidad utilizando una URL especialmente dise\u00f1ada para redirigir al usuario a un sitio malicioso."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2025-12635",
"lastModified": "2026-10-07T20:10:01.970",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 5.4,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 2.3,
"impactScore": 2.7,
"source": "psirt@us.ibm.com",
"type": "Secondary"
}
],
"ssvcV203": [
{
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"ssvcData": {
"id": "CVE-2025-12635",
"options": [
{
"exploitation": "none"
},
{
"automatable": "no"
},
{
"technicalImpact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-09T15:24:21.240209Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
}
}
]
},
"published": "2025-12-08T22:15:49.390",
"references": [
{
"source": "psirt@us.ibm.com",
"tags": [
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7254078"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "psirt@us.ibm.com",
"vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-79"
}
],
"source": "psirt@us.ibm.com",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"current_release_date": "2025-12-09T22:20:09+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-12635",
"id": "CVE-2025-12635",
"initial_release_date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty Cross-Site Scripting",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-12635.json",
"version": "3"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-12635",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-09T15:24:21.240209Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-09T15:24:23.833Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"product": "WebSphere Application Server",
"vendor": "IBM",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "2.0.18",
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "8.5"
}
]
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:17.0.0.3:*:*:*:liberty:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:25.0.0.12:*:*:*:liberty:*:*:*"
],
"product": "WebSphere Application Server Liberty",
"vendor": "IBM",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "25.0.0.12",
"status": "affected",
"version": "17.0.0.3",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eIBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5, 9.0 and IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 25.0.0.12 are affected by cross-site scripting due to improper validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using a specially crafted URL to redirect the user to a malicious site.\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5, 9.0 and IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 25.0.0.12 are affected by cross-site scripting due to improper validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using a specially crafted URL to redirect the user to a malicious site."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 5.4,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-79",
"description": "CWE-79 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (\u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-08T21:58:13.798Z",
"orgId": "9a959283-ebb5-44b6-b705-dcc2bbced522",
"shortName": "ibm"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7254078"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eRemediation/Fixes IBM strongly recommends addressing the vulnerability now by applying a currently available interim fix or fix pack that contains the fix for APAR PH68817 and PH68243. To determine if a feature is enabled for WebSphere Application Server Liberty, refer to How to determine if Liberty is using a specific feature . For IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3 - 25.0.0.12 using the servlet-3.0, servlet-3.1, servlet-4.0, servlet-5.0, or servlet-6.0 feature: \u00b7 Upgrade to minimal fix pack levels as required by the interim fix and then apply the Interim Fix that resolves PH68817 --OR-- \u00b7 Apply Fix Pack 26.0.0.1 or later (targeted availability 1Q2026). For IBM WebSphere Application Server traditional: For V9.0.0.0 through 9.0.5.26: \u00b7 Upgrade to minimal fix pack levels as required by the interim fix and then apply the Interim Fix that resolves PH68243 --OR-- \u00b7 Apply Fix Pack 9.0.5.27 or later (targeted availability 1Q2026). For V8.5.0.0 through 8.5.5.28: \u00b7 Upgrade to minimal fix pack levels as required by interim fix and then apply Interim Fix that resolves PH68243 --OR-- \u00b7 Apply Fix Pack 8.5.5.29 or later (targeted availability 1Q2026). Additional interim fixes may be available and linked off the interim fix download page.\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Remediation/Fixes IBM strongly recommends addressing the vulnerability now by applying a currently available interim fix or fix pack that contains the fix for APAR PH68817 and PH68243. To determine if a feature is enabled for WebSphere Application Server Liberty, refer to How to determine if Liberty is using a specific feature . For IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3 - 25.0.0.12 using the servlet-3.0, servlet-3.1, servlet-4.0, servlet-5.0, or servlet-6.0 feature: \u00b7 Upgrade to minimal fix pack levels as required by the interim fix and then apply the Interim Fix that resolves PH68817 --OR-- \u00b7 Apply Fix Pack 26.0.0.1 or later (targeted availability 1Q2026). For IBM WebSphere Application Server traditional: For V9.0.0.0 through 9.0.5.26: \u00b7 Upgrade to minimal fix pack levels as required by the interim fix and then apply the Interim Fix that resolves PH68243 --OR-- \u00b7 Apply Fix Pack 9.0.5.27 or later (targeted availability 1Q2026). For V8.5.0.0 through 8.5.5.28: \u00b7 Upgrade to minimal fix pack levels as required by interim fix and then apply Interim Fix that resolves PH68243 --OR-- \u00b7 Apply Fix Pack 8.5.5.29 or later (targeted availability 1Q2026). Additional interim fixes may be available and linked off the interim fix download page."
}
],
"title": "IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty Cross-Site Scripting",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "ibm-cvegen"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "9a959283-ebb5-44b6-b705-dcc2bbced522",
"assignerShortName": "ibm",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-12635",
"datePublished": "2025-12-08T21:58:13.798Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-11-03T15:26:42.296Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-09T16:05:14.945Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
Loading timeline…
Loading…
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.